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Author |
Hiltner, Ulrike ; Huth, Andreas ; Hérault, Bruno ; Holtmann, Anne ; Brauning, Achim ; Fischer, Rico |
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Title |
Climate change alters the ability of neotropical forests to provide timber and sequester carbon |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Forest Ecology and Management |
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Volume |
492 |
Issue |
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Pages |
119166 |
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Keywords  |
Exploitation forestière ; Changement climatique ; séquestration du carbone ; Production du bois ; Atténuation des effets du changement climatique ; gestion forestière durable ; forêt tropicale ; Région néotropicale ; Biomasse ; biomasse aérienne des arbres ; gestion de la santé des forêts ; modèle de croissance forestière ; biodiversité forestière |
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Abstract |
Logging is widespread in tropical regions, with approximately 50% of all humid tropical forests (1.73 × 109 ha) regarded as production forests. To maintain the ecosystem functions of carbon sequestration and timber supply in tropical production forests over a long term, forest management must be sustainable under changing climate conditions. Individual-based forest models are useful tools to enhance our understanding about the long-term effects of harvest and climate change on forest dynamics because they link empirical field data with simulations of ecological processes. The objective of this study is to analyze the combined effects of selective logging and climate change on biomass stocks and timber harvest in a tropical forest in French Guiana. By applying a forest model, we simulated natural forest dynamics under the baseline scenario of current climate conditions and compared the results with scenarios of selective logging under climate change. The analyses revealed how substantially forest dynamics are altered
under different scenarios of climate change. (1) Repeated logging within recovery times decreased biomass and timber harvest, irrespective of the intensity of climate change. (2) With moderate climate change as envisaged by the 5th IPCC Assessment Report (representative concentration pathway 2.6), the average biomass remained the same as in the baseline scenario (−1%), but with intensive climate change (RCP 8.5), the average biomass decreased by 12%. (3) The combination of selective logging and climate change increased the likelihood of changes in forest dynamics, driven mainly by rising temperatures. Under RCP 8.5, the average timber harvest was almost halved, regardless of the logging cycle applied. An application-oriented use of forest models will help to identify opportunities to reduce the effects of unwanted ecosystem changes in a changing environment. To ensure that ecosystem functions in production forests are maintained under climate change conditions, appropriate management strategies will help to maintain biomass and harvest in production forests. |
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Elsevier B.V. |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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1016 |
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Author |
Derroire, Géraldine ; Piponiot, Camille ; Descroix, Laurent ; Bedeau, Caroline ; Traissac, Stéphane ; Brunaux, Olivier ; Hérault, Bruno |
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Title |
Prospective carbon balance of the wood sector in a tropical forest territory using a temporally-explicit model |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Forest Ecology and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
497 |
Issue |
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Keywords |
Exploitation forestière, Production du bois, Modélisation environnementale, planification de la gestion forestière, forêt tropicale, Aménagement forestier, Plantations, Évaluation de l'impac |
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Abstract |
Selective logging in tropical forests is often perceived as a source of forest degradation and carbon emissions. Improved practices, such as reduced-impact logging (RIL), and alternative timber production strategies (e.g. plantations) can drastically change the overall carbon impact of the wood production sector. Assessing the carbon balance of timber production is crucial but highly dependent on methodological approaches, especially regarding system boundaries and temporality. We developed a temporally-explicit and territory scale model of carbon balance calibrated with long-term local data using Bayesian inference. The model accounts for carbon fluxes from selective logging in natural forest, timber plantation, first transformation and avoided emissions through energy substitution. We used it to compare prospective scenarios of development for the wood sector in French Guiana. Results show that intensification of practices, through increased logging intensity conducted with RIL and establishment of timber plantations, are promising development strategies to reduce the carbon emissions of the French-Guianese wood sector, as well as the area needed for wood production and hence the pressure on natural forests. By reducing logging damage by nearly 50%, RIL allows increasing logging intensity in natural forest from 20 m3 ha−1 to 30 m3 ha−1 without affecting the carbon balance. The use of logging byproducts as fuelwood also improved the carbon balance of selective logging, when substituted to fossil fuel. Allocating less than 30 000 ha to plantation would allow producing 200 000 m3 of timber annually, while the same production in natural forest would imply logging more than 400 000 ha over 60 years. Timber plantation should be preferentially established on non-forested lands, as converting natural forests to plantation leads to high carbon emission peak over the first three decades. We recommend a mixed-strategy combining selective logging in natural forests and plantations as a way to improve long-term carbon balance while reducing short-term emissions. This strategy can reduce the pressure on natural forests while mitigating the risks of changing practices and allowing a diversified source of timber for a diversity of uses. It requires adaptation of the wood sector and development of technical guidelines. Research and monitoring efforts are also needed to assess the impacts of changing practices on other ecosystem services, especially biodiversity conservation. |
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Elsevier |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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1019 |
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Author |
Liu, S.Q.; Loup, C.; Gril, J.; Dumonceaud, O.; Thibaut, A.; Thibaut, B. |
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Title |
Studies on European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.). Part 1: Variations of wood colour parameters |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2005 |
Publication |
Annals of Forest Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ann. For. Sci. |
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Volume |
62 |
Issue |
7 |
Pages |
625-632 |
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Keywords |
Fagus sylvatica L.; CIELab colour system; solid wood; red heartwood |
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Abstract |
Colour parameters of European beech were measured using CIELab system. 103 logs from 87 trees in 9 sites were cut into boards to study the radial variations of wood colour parameters. Both site and tree effects on colour were observed. Patterns of red heartwood occurrence were defined. When excepting red heartwood there was still a highly significant effect of site and tree. Axial and radial variations were small, except very near the pith or in red heartwood, suggesting possible early selection at periphery under colour criteria. Red heartwood is darker, redder and more yellow than normal peripheral wood. |
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Univ Montpellier 2, Lab Mecan & Genie Civil, F-34095 Montpellier, France, Email: jgril@lmgc.univ-montp2.fr |
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EDP SCIENCES S A |
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1286-4560 |
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ISI:000233179100003 |
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no |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
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251 |
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Van Langenhove, L.; Janssens, I.A.; Verryckt, L.; Brechet, L.; Hartley, I.P.; Stahl, C.; Courtois, E.; Urbina, I.; Grau, O.; Sardans, J.; Peguero, G.; Gargallo-Garriga, A.; Peñuelas, J.; Vicca, S. |
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Title |
Rapid root assimilation of added phosphorus in a lowland tropical rainforest of French Guiana |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Soil Biology and Biochemistry |
Abbreviated Journal |
Soil Biol. Biochem. |
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Volume |
140 |
Issue |
107646 |
Pages |
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Keywords |
Fertilization; Nitrogen; Phosphorus; Plant root simulator probes; Root system; Tropical forest; Nitrogen; Nitrogen fertilizers; Phosphorus; Plants (botany); Soils; Tropics; Fertilization; Mycorrhizal fungus; N and P fertilizer; P availabilities; Plant root simulators; Root system; Tropical forest; Tropical rain forest; Forestry; Fungi |
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Tree growth on weathered soils in lowland tropical forests is limited by low phosphorous (P) availability. However, nutrient manupulation experiments do not always increase the P content in these trees, which raises the question whether trees are taking up added P. In French Guianese lowland rainforest, we measured changes in nitrogen (N) and P availability before and up to two months after N and P fertilizer addition, in soils with intact root systems and in soils where roots and mycorrhizal fungi were excluded by root exclusion cylinders. When the root system was excluded, P addition increased P availability to a much greater extent and for a longer time than in soils with an intact root system. Soil N dynamics were unaffected by root presence/absence. These results indicate rapid P uptake, but not N uptake, by tree roots, suggesting a very effective P acquisition process in these lowland rainforests. |
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Global Change Research Institute, Czech Academy of Sciences, Czech Republic |
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Elsevier Ltd |
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00380717 (Issn) |
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Export Date: 19 November 2019; Coden: Sbioa; Correspondence Address: Van Langenhove, L.; Centre of Excellence PLECO (Plants and Ecosystems), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium; email: leandro.vanlangenhove@uantwerpen.be |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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897 |
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Brechet, L.; Ponton, S.; Roy, J.; Freycon, V.; Couteaux, M.M.; Bonal, D.; Epron, D. |
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Title |
Do tree species characteristics influence soil respiration in tropical forests? A test based on 16 tree species planted in monospecific plots |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2009 |
Publication |
Plant and Soil |
Abbreviated Journal |
Plant Soil |
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319 |
Issue |
1-2 |
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235-246 |
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Fine root; Litter quality; Nutrient cycling; Plant soil interactions; Soil respiration; Tropical plantations |
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Abstract |
The high spatial variability of soil respiration in tropical rainforests is well evaluated, but influences of biotic factors are not clearly understood. This study underlines the influence of tree species characteristics on soil respiration across a 16-monospecific plot design in a tropical plantation of French Guiana. A large variability of soil CO2 fluxes was observed among plots (i.e. 2.8 to 6.8 μmol m(-2) s(-1)) with the ranking being constant across seasons. There were no significant relationships between soil respiration and soil moisture or soil temperature, neither spatially, nor seasonally. The variability of soil respiration was mainly explained by quantitative factors such as leaf litterfall and basal area. Surprisingly, no significant relationship was observed between soil respiration and root biomass. However, the influence of substrate quality was revealed by a strong relationship between soil respiration and litterfall P (and litterfall N, to a lesser extent). |
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[Ponton, Stephane] Natl Inst Agr Res INRA Ctr Rech Nancy, Forest Ecol & Ecophysiol Unit, UMR EEF, F-54280 Seichamps, France, Email: ponton@nancy.inra.fr |
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SPRINGER |
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0032-079X |
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ISI:000266143400020 |
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no |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
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110 |
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Do, N.A.; Dias, D.; Zhang, Z.; Huang, X.; Nguyen, T.T.; Pham, V.V.; Nait-Rabah, O. |
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Title |
Study on the behavior of squared and sub-rectangular tunnels using the Hyperstatic Reaction Method |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Transportation Geotechnics |
Abbreviated Journal |
Transp. Geotech. |
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Volume |
22 |
Issue |
100321 |
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Keywords |
Finite element method; Lining; Squared shape; Sub-rectangular shape; Tunnel; efficiency measurement; finite element method; numerical model; transportation development; transportation planning; tunnel design; tunnel lining |
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Saint-Petersburg Mining University, Russian Federation |
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Elsevier Ltd |
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22143912 (Issn) |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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915 |
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Ghislain, B.; Nicolini, E.-A.; Romain, R.; Ruelle, J.; Yoshinaga, A.; Alford, M.H.; Clair, B. |
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Title |
Multilayered structure of tension wood cell walls in Salicaceae sensu lato and its taxonomic significance |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2016 |
Publication |
Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society |
Abbreviated Journal |
Bot. J. Linn. Soc. |
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182 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
744-756 |
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Flacourtiaceae; G-layer; multilayered tension wood; reaction wood |
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Abstract |
Salicaceae have been enlarged to include a majority of the species formerly placed in the polyphyletic tropical Flacourtiaceae. Several studies have reported a peculiar and infrequently formed multilayered structure of tension wood in four of the tropical genera. Tension wood is a tissue produced by trees to restore their vertical orientation and most studies have focused on trees developing tension wood by means of cellulose-rich, gelatinous fibres, as in Populus and Salix (Salicaceae s.s.). This study aims to determine if the multilayered structure of tension wood is an anatomical characteristic common in other Salicaceae and, if so, how its distribution correlates to phylogenetic relationships. Therefore, we studied the tension wood of 14 genera of Salicaceae and two genera of Achariaceae, one genus of Goupiaceae and one genus of Lacistemataceae, families closely related to Salicaceae or formerly placed in Flacourtiaceae. Opposite wood and tension wood were compared with light microscopy and three-dimensional laser scanning confocal microscopy. The results indicate that a multilayered structure of tension wood is common in the family except in Salix, Populus and one of their closest relatives, Idesia polycarpa. We suggest that tension wood may be a useful anatomical character in understanding phylogenetic relationships in Salicaceae. Further investigation is still needed on the tension wood of several other putatively close relatives of Salix and Populus, in particular Bennettiodendron, Macrohasseltia and Itoa. |
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1095-8339 |
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no |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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718 |
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Clair, B.; Déjardin, A.; Pilate, G.; Alméras, T. |
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Title |
Is the G-layer a tertiary cell wall? |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Frontiers in Plant Science |
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Volume |
9 |
Issue |
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Pages |
623 |
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Keywords |
Flax; G-layer; Gelatinous layer; Maturation stress; Secondary cell wall; Tension wood; Tertiary cell wall |
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LMGC, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France |
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Export Date: 31 May 2018 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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805 |
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Lamarre, G.P.A.; Molto, Q.; Fine, P.V.A.; Baraloto, C. |
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A comparison of two common flight interception traps to survey tropical arthropods |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2012 |
Publication |
ZooKeys |
Abbreviated Journal |
ZooKeys |
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216 |
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Pages |
43-55 |
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Flight interception trap; French Guiana; Malaise trap; Performance; Sampling strategies; Tropical forest; Windowpane trap |
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Tropical forests are predicted to harbor most of the insect diversity on earth, but few studies have been conducted to characterize insect communities in tropical forests. One major limitation is the lack of consensus on methods for insect collection. Deciding which insect trap to use is an important consideration for ecologists and entomologists, yet to date few study has presented a quantitative comparison of the results generated by standardized methods in tropical insect communities. Here, we investigate the relative performance of two flight interception traps, the windowpane trap, and the more widely used malaise trap, across a broad gradient of lowland forest types in French Guiana. The windowpane trap consistently collected significantly more Coleoptera and Blattaria than the malaise trap, which proved most effective for Diptera, Hymenoptera, and Hemiptera. Orthoptera and Lepidoptera were not well represented using either trap, suggesting the need for additional methods such as bait traps and light traps. Our results of contrasting trap performance among insect orders underscore the need for complementary trapping strategies using multiple methods for community surveys in tropical forests. |
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Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, United States |
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13132989 (Issn) |
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Export Date: 4 October 2012; Source: Scopus; doi: 10.3897/zookeys.216.3332; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: Lamarre, G. P. A.; UniversitéAntilles-Guyane, UMR Ecologie des Forèts de Guyane, Campus agronomique de Kourou. Avenue de France, 97310 Kourou, French Guiana; email: Greg.Lamarre@ecofog.gf |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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438 |
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Quilichini, A.; Macquart, D.; Barabe, D.; Albre, J.; Gibernau, M. |
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Title |
Reproduction of the West Mediterranean endemic Arum pictum (Araceae) on Corsica |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Plant Systematics and Evolution |
Abbreviated Journal |
Plant Syst. Evol. |
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Volume |
287 |
Issue |
3-4 |
Pages |
179-187 |
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Keywords |
Floral volatiles; Ocimene; Insect pollination; Reproductive success; Sphaeroceridae; Thermogenesis |
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Abstract |
Pollination in the genus Arum appears to be in general a complex deceptive pollination process. The genus Arum is composed of 28 species, all belonging to the subgenus Arum, except A. pictum, the only species of the subgenus Gymnomesium, which is basal and sister to all other Arum species. The aim of this paper is to document the pollination ecology of the insular Arum pictum, the only Arum species to flower in autumn, on the island of Corsica (France). The anthesis cycle of A. pictum occurs during the day, attracting sphaerocerid flies and staphylinid beetles early in the morning and late in the afternoon of the first day. The pollen is released from the anthers early in the morning of the second day before the departure of the insects. Its thermogenic cycle matches the anthesis cycle with an original and unique, bimodal temperature pattern of the appendix (morning and afternoon), contrary to the unimodal pattern found in all other studied Arum species. Data from reproductive success and seed sets suggest that sexual reproduction in this species is limited by pollen (e.g. attracting lured insects) rather than by resources. The biology of this Western Mediterranean species appears to be different from other Western European Arum and close to some Eastern Mediterranean species. Further studies are needed to establish whether Arum pictum represents some ancestral stage or whether its peculiar biological traits are adapted to its insular distribution. |
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Address |
[Quilichini, Angelique; Gibernau, Marc] CNRS, UMR 8172, Ecole Forets Guyane, F-97387 Kourou, France, Email: marc.gibernau@ecofog.gf |
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SPRINGER WIEN |
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0378-2697 |
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ISI:000279479800008 |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
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51 |
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