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Faucheux, M.J.; Gibernau, M. |
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Antennal sensilla in five Psychodini moth flies (Diptera: Psychodidae: Psychodinae) pollinators of Arum spp. (Araceae) |
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2011 |
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Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ann. Soc. Entomol. Fr. |
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47 |
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1-2 |
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89-100 |
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Chodopsycha; Deceptive pollination; Logima; Psycha; Psychoda |
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The pollination of the genus Arum (Araceae) is mainly achieved by deception, the floral odour mimicking the pollinator ovipositing site. In order to discover the sensory organs involved in this attraction, we have studied the antennae of five species of psychodine moth-flies (former Psychoda sensu lato = Psychodini), pollinators of Arum spp. The antennae of the five Psychodini reveal seven types of sensilla: multiporous tribranched sensilla basiconica (sensilla ascoidea), multiporous sensilla basiconica, multiporous sensilla coeloconica, multiporous sensilla auricillica, uniporous sensilla basiconica, aporous sensilla chaetica, aporous Böhm's sensilla. Each species possesses three, five or six of these sensillum types. All the multiporous sensilla are probably olfactory receptors while the uniporous sensilla basiconica must possess a contact chemoreceptive function. The multiporous tribranched sensilla basiconica (s. ascoidea), present in all the species, are the best candidates for the reception of the odours given off by the ovipositing sites and the inflorescences of Arum. The multiporous sensilla basiconica and the multiporous sensilla coeloconica may be involved respectively as CO2 receptors or thermoreceptors. Psychoda phalaenoides, which is the main pollinator of A. maculatum, is the species which possesses the largest number of antennal sensilla. The sexual dimorphism, studied only in Psycha grisescens, as concerns the number of sensilla and the absence of a sensillum type which differ according to sex, is difficult to interpret. |
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CNRS – Ecofog UMR 8172, BP 709, F-97387 Kourou, France |
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Export Date: 26 October 2011; Source: Scopus; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: Faucheux, M.J.; Université de Nantes, Laboratoire d'Endocrinologie des Insectes Sociaux, 2 rue de la Houssinière, F-44322 Nantes Cedex 03, France; email: faucheux.michel@free.fr |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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365 |
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Petitjean, C.; Hénault, C.; Perrin, A.-S.; Pontet, C.; Metay, A.; Bernoux, M.; Jehanno, T.; Viard, A.; Roggy, J.-C. |
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Soil N2O emissions in French Guiana after the conversion of tropical forest to agriculture with the chop-and-mulch method |
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Journal Article |
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2015 |
Publication |
Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment |
Abbreviated Journal |
Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment |
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208 |
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64-74 |
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Chop-and-mulch method; Fire-free deforestation; French Guiana; Land use change; Soil N<inf>2</inf>O emissions |
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In French Guiana, the population growth will result in an increase in demand for agricultural products and thus, will lead to an increase in the amount of tropical forests converted into cropland or pasture. Impacts of different agricultural systems on greenhouse gas (GHG) fluxes have not been studied in French Guiana. In this context, the fire-free chop-and-mulch method was used to convert a tropical forest site to agriculture. This study focused on soil nitrous oxide (N<inf>2</inf>O) emissions and we compared four land uses: (1) the undisturbed tropical forest, (2) recently converted grassland and recently converted croplands (fertilized soybean/maize rotation) with either (3) disk tillage or (4) no tillage.N<inf>2</inf>O measurements were obtained through the chamber technique and conducted over a 1-year period (measurements began 19 months after the forest was cleared). N<inf>2</inf>O fluxes were related to soil parameters measured at each sampling date: nitrate and ammonium contents, gravimetric water content (GWC) and temperature. Through the entire period, the mean (± standard error) and median N<inf>2</inf>O fluxes were 3.8 ± 0.5 and 2.7 gNha-1day-1, respectively for undisturbed tropical forest and 2.4 ± 0.9 and 0.8gNha-1day-1, respectively for grassland (mowed Brachiaria ruziziensis). For croplands, no significant difference was found for N<inf>2</inf>O emissions between both agricultural practices. The mean (± standard error) and median N<inf>2</inf>O fluxes were 8.5 ± 1.2 and 4.0 gNha-1day-1, respectively for disk tillage plots and 8.5 ± 1.3 and 3.6gNha-1day-1, respectively for no tillage plots. Nitrogen inputs (due to the application of fertilizer or due to the mineralization of crop residues) led to higher N<inf>2</inf>O fluxes, resulting in significantly higher mean N<inf>2</inf>O emissions from croplands compared to the forest, when only considering land use effect on N<inf>2</inf>O fluxes in a statistical model. The soil nitrate content, GWC and temperature had a significant positive effect on N<inf>2</inf>O fluxes. Taking into account these soil parameters in another statistical model, N<inf>2</inf>O emissions from croplands were not higher than the natural N<inf>2</inf>O emissions from tropical forest soils. Our results suggest that, if more forest will have to be converted in the course of the expected population growth in French Guiana, it could have low impact on the soil N<inf>2</inf>O fluxes (similar to natural fluxes from forest) with the improving of farming techniques (for example modification of the splitting of N-fertilizer) in the cropping plots. © 2015 Elsevier B.V. |
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INRA, UMR EcoFoG, Campus agronomiqueKourou, Guyane Française, France |
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Export Date: 18 May 2015 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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601 |
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Mariano, C.S.F.; Silva Santos, I.D.A.; Groc, S.; Leroy, C.; Malé, P.-J.; Ruiz-González, M.X.; Cerdan, P.; Dejean, A.; Delabie, J.H.C. |
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The karyotypes of Gigantiops destructor (Fabricius) and other ants from French Guiana (Formicidae) |
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Journal Article |
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2011 |
Publication |
Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ann. Soc. Entomol. Fr. |
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47 |
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1-2 |
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140-146 |
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Chromosome number; Diversity; Minimum interaction theory |
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The aim of this study, which was conducted in French Guiana, was to characterize the karyotypes of nine ant species belonging to the genera Anochetus, Apterostigma, Cyphomyrmex, Camponotus, Gigantiops, Myrmicocrypta, Odontomachus and Pseudomyrmex, and to compare them with published data. We present the first descriptions of the karyotypes of Gigantiops destructor (Fabricius), an endemic Formicinae of the Amazonian region, which is the only living species in the tribe Gigantiopini, and of a species from the poorly-known cryptic genus Myrmicocrypta, which belongs to the Myrmicinae tribe Attini. |
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HYDRECO, Laboratoire Environnement Aménagement de Petit Saut, BP 823, F- 97388 Kourou Cedex, France |
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Export Date: 26 October 2011; Source: Scopus; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: Delabie, J.H.C.; Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Rodovia Ilhéus-Itabuna, Km 16, 45650-000 Ilhéus, Bahia, Brazil |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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367 |
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Salvin, P.; Roos, C.; Robert, F. |
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Tropical mangrove sediments as a natural inoculum for efficient electroactive biofilms |
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Journal Article |
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2012 |
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Bioresource Technology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Bioresour. Technol. |
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120 |
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45-51 |
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Chronoamperometry; Cyclic voltammetry; Electroactive biofilms; Microbial fuel cells; Three-electrode systems |
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Chronoamperometry is known to be an efficient way to form electroactive biofilms (EAB) on conductive electrodes. For the first time, tropical mangrove sediments are analyzed as a potential inoculum to form MFC anodes with the use of acetate as substrate. The performance of the EAB-coated carbon cloth electrodes are evaluated according to the maximal current density, the coulombic efficiency and the cyclic voltammogramms. Working electrodes (WE) polarized at -0.2V/SCE gave better results compared to -0.4V/SCE and 0.0V/SCE. The maximal current density attained was 12A/m 2 with a CE of 24%. Contributions of the EAB in the generation of current were discussed and mechanisms of electronic transfer by the bacteria were discussed. Epifluorescence and SEM images showed the evolution of the biofilms on the electrode surface and the heterogeneity of the structure. © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. |
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Laboratoire des Matériaux et des Molécules en Milieu Amazonien, Université des Antilles et de la Guyane, UAG-UMR ECOFOG, F-97337 Cayenne, French Guiana |
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09608524 (Issn) |
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Export Date: 16 August 2012; Source: Scopus; Coden: Birte; doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2012.05.131; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: Robert, F.; Laboratoire des Matériaux et des Molécules en Milieu Amazonien, Université des Antilles et de la Guyane, UAG-UMR ECOFOG, F-97337 Cayenne, French Guiana; email: florent.robert@guyane.univ-ag.fr |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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421 |
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Fontaine, S.; Stahl, C.; Klumpp, K.; Picon-Cochard, C.; Grise, M.M.; Dezécache, C.; Ponchant, L.; Freycon, V.; Blanc, L.; Bonal, D.; Burban, B.; Soussana, J.-F.; Blanfort, V.; Alvarez, G. |
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Response to Editor to the comment by Schipper and Smith to our paper entitled 'Continuous soil carbon storage of old permanent pastures in Amazonia' |
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2018 |
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Global Change Biology |
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Global Change Biology |
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24 |
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3 |
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e732-e733 |
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chronosequence study; continuous C accumulation; deep soil C; eddy covariance; grassland |
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Export Date: 28 February 2018 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ Fontaine_etal2018 |
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796 |
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Vedel, V.; Scotti, I. |
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Promoting the promoter |
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Journal Article |
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2011 |
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Plant Science |
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Plant Sci. |
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180 |
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2 |
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182-189 |
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cis-Regulation; Evolutionary and developmental biology; Integrative evolution; Plant development; Population genetics; Transcription |
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Recent evolutionary studies clearly indicate that evolution is mainly driven by changes in the complex mechanisms of gene regulation and not solely by polymorphism in protein-encoding genes themselves. After a short description of the cis-regulatory mechanism, we intend in this review to argue that by applying newly available technologies and by merging research areas such as evolutionary and developmental biology, population genetics, ecology and molecular cell biology it is now possible to study evolution in an integrative way. We contend that, by analysing the effects of promoter sequence variation on phenotypic diversity in natural populations, we will soon be able to break the barrier between the study of extant genetic variability and the study of major developmental changes. This will lead to an integrative view of evolution at different scales. Because of their sessile nature and their continuous development, plants must permanently regulate their gene expression to react to their environment, and can, therefore, be considered as a remarkable model for these types of studies. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. |
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[Vedel, Vincent; Scotti, Ivan] INRA, UMR ECOFOG, Kourou 97387, French Guiana, Email: vincent.vedel@ecofog.gf |
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ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD |
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0168-9452 |
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ISI:000286562200002 |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
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291 |
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LaPierre, L.; Hespenheide, H.; Dejean, A. |
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Wasps robbing food from ants: a frequent behavior? |
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2007 |
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Naturwissenschaften |
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Naturwissenschaften |
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94 |
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12 |
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997-1001 |
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cleptobiosis; social wasps; charterginus; polybioides; plant-ants |
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Food robbing, or cleptobiosis, has been well documented throughout the animal kingdom. For insects, intrafamilial food robbing is known among ants, but social wasps (Vespidae; Polistinae) taking food from ants has, to the best of our knowledge, never been reported. In this paper, we present two cases involving social wasps robbing food from ants associated with myrmecophytes. (1) Polybioides tabida F. (Ropalidiini) rob pieces of prey from Tetraponera aethiops Smith (Formicidae; Pseudomyrmecinae) specifically associated with Barteria fistulosa Mast. (Passifloraceae). (2) Charterginus spp. (Epiponini) rob food bodies from myrmecophytic Cecropia (Cecropiaceae) exploited by their Azteca mutualists (Formicidae; Dolichoderinae) or by opportunistic ants (that also attack cleptobiotic wasps). We note here that wasps gather food bodies (1) when ants are not yet active; (2) when ants are active, but avoiding any contact with them by flying off when attacked; and (3) through the coordinated efforts of two to five wasps, wherein one of them prevents the ants from leaving their nest, while the other wasps freely gather the food bodies. We suggest that these interactions are more common than previously thought. |
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CNRS Guyane, UPS2561, UMR5174, F-97300 Cayenne, France, Email: llapierre@lowercolumbia.edu |
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SPRINGER |
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0028-1042 |
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ISI:000250980800006 |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
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153 |
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Lalague, H.; Csilléry, K.; Oddou-Muratorio, S.; Safrana, J.; de Quattro, C.; Fady, B.; González-Martínez, S.C.; Vendramin, G.G. |
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Nucleotide diversity and linkage disequilibrium at 58 stress response and phenology candidate genes in a European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) population from southeastern France |
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Journal Article |
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2014 |
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Tree Genetics and Genomes |
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Tree Genetics and Genomes |
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10 |
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1 |
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15-26 |
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Climate adaptation; Effective population size; Forest tree; Genomic diversity; Minor allele frequency (MAF); Recombination rate; Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) |
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European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) is one of the most economically and ecologically important deciduous trees in Europe, yet little is known about its genomic diversity and its adaptive potential. Here, we detail the discovery and analysis of 573 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from 58 candidate gene fragments that are potentially involved in abiotic stress response and budburst phenology using a panel of 96 individuals from southeastern France. The mean nucleotide diversity was low (θ π = 2.2 × 10-3) but extremely variable among gene fragments (range from 0.02 to 10), with genes carrying insertion/deletion mutations exhibiting significantly higher diversity. The decay of linkage disequilibrium (LD) measured at gene fragments >800 base pairs was moderate (the half distance of r 2 was 154 bp), consistent with the low average population-scaled recombination rate (ρ = 5.4 × 10-3). Overall, the population-scaled recombination rate estimated in F. sylvatica was lower than for other angiosperm tree genera (such as Quercus or Populus) and similar to conifers. As a methodological perspective, we explored the effect of minimum allele frequency (MAF) on LD and showed that higher MAF resulted in slower decay of LD. It is thus essential that the same MAF is used when comparing the decay of LD among different studies and species. Our results suggest that genome-wide association mapping can be a potentially efficient approach in F. sylvatica, which has a relatively small genome size. © 2013 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg. |
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Department of Forest Ecology and Genetics, National Institute for Agriculture and Food Research and Technology (INIA), Forest Research Centre (CIFOR), 28040 Madrid, Spain |
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Cited By :1; Export Date: 13 January 2015 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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578 |
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Le Lann, C.; Roux, O.; Serain, N.; Van Alphen, J.J.M.; Vernon, P.; Van Baaren, J. |
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Thermal tolerance of sympatric hymenopteran parasitoid species: does it match seasonal activity? |
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Journal Article |
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2011 |
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Physiological Entomology |
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Physiol. Entomol. |
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36 |
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1 |
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21-28 |
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Climate change; critical thermal limits; CTmax; CTmin; dry mass; guild; hind tibia length; seasonal activities; surface to volume ratio |
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Climatic changes result in an increased in mean temperature and in a higher incidence of extreme weather events such as heat and cold waves. For ectotherms, such as insect parasitoids, the ability to remain active under extreme climatic conditions is a significant key to fitness. The body size of individuals, and in particular their surface to volume ratio, may play a role in their resistance to thermal conditions. The thermal tolerances are investigated of two closely-related sympatric parasitoid species [Aphidius avenae Haliday and Aphidius rhopalosiphi De Stefani-Perez (Hymenoptera: Aphidiinae)] that have a similar ecology but differ in body size and phenologies. The critical thermal limits of individuals are assessed in both sexes of each parasitoid species and the influence of surface volume ratios on their thermal tolerances. Aphidius avenae is less resistant to low temperatures and more resistant to high temperatures than A. rhopalosiphi. The lower surface to volume ratio of A. avenae individuals may help them to remain active in summer when experiencing heat waves. However, body size is not the sole factor that plays a role in differences of thermal tolerance between species and body size may not be an adaptation to extreme temperatures but rather a by-product of developmental regulation. Closely-related sympatric species from the same ecological guild can have different thermal tolerances that may allow them to occur within the same habitat. The present study also highlights the importance of clearly defining how to measure critical thermal limits to determine the thermal tolerance of a species. |
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[Le Lann, Cecile; Serain, Nelly; Van Alphen, Jacques J. M.; Vernon, Philippe; Van Baaren, Joan] Univ Rennes 1, UMR CNRS ECOBIO 6553, F-35042 Rennes, France, Email: cecile.lelann@univ-rennes1.fr |
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Wiley-Blackwell |
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0307-6962 |
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ISI:000287790900004 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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294 |
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Maréchaux, I.; Bartlett, M.K.; Sack, L.; Baraloto, C.; Engel, J.; Joetzjer, E.; Chave, J. |
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Drought tolerance as predicted by leaf water potential at turgor loss point varies strongly across species within an Amazonian forest |
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Journal Article |
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2015 |
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Functional Ecology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Functional Ecology |
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29 |
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10 |
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1268-1277 |
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Climate change; French Guiana; Functional traits; Plant-water relations; Tropical trees; Wilting |
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Abstract |
Amazonian droughts are predicted to become increasingly frequent and intense, and the vulnerability of Amazonian trees has become increasingly documented. However, little is known about the physiological mechanisms and the diversity of drought tolerance of tropical trees due to the lack of quantitative measurements. Leaf water potential at wilting or turgor loss point (π<inf>tlp</inf>) is a determinant of the tolerance of leaves to drought stress and contributes to plant-level physiological drought tolerance. Recently, it has been demonstrated that leaf osmotic water potential at full hydration (π<inf>o</inf>) is tightly correlated with π<inf>tlp</inf>. Estimating π<inf>tlp</inf> from osmometer measurements of π<inf>o</inf> is much faster than the standard pressure-volume curve approach of π<inf>tlp</inf> determination. We used this technique to estimate π<inf>tlp</inf> for 165 trees of 71 species, at three sites within forests in French Guiana. Our data set represents a significant increase in available data for this trait for tropical tree species. Tropical trees showed a wider range of drought tolerance than previously found in the literature, π<inf>tlp</inf> ranging from -1·4 to -3·2 MPa. This range likely corresponds in part to adaptation and acclimation to occasionally extreme droughts during the dry season. Leaf-level drought tolerance varied across species, in agreement with the available published observations of species variation in drought-induced mortality. On average, species with a more negative π<inf>tlp</inf> (i.e. with greater leaf-level drought tolerance) occurred less frequently across the region than drought-sensitive species. Across individuals, π<inf>tlp</inf> correlated positively but weakly with leaf toughness (R2 = 0·22, P = 0·04) and leaf thickness (R2 = 0·03, P = 0·03). No correlation was detected with other functional traits (leaf mass per area, leaf area, nitrogen or carbon concentrations, carbon isotope ratio, sapwood density or bark thickness). The variability in π<inf>tlp</inf> among species indicates a potential for highly diverse species responses to drought within given forest communities. Given the weak correlations between π<inf>tlp</inf> and traditionally measured plant functional traits, vegetation models seeking to predict forest response to drought should integrate improved quantification of comparative drought tolerance among tree species. © 2015 British Ecological Society. |
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CNRM-GAME – URA1357, 42 avenue G. Coriolis, Toulouse, France |
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Cited By :1; Export Date: 12 October 2015 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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629 |
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