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Dlouhá, J.; Alméras, T.; Beauchene, J.; Clair, B.; Fournier, M. |
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Title |
Biophysical dependences among functional wood traits |
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Journal Article |
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2018 |
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Functional Ecology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Funct Ecol |
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32 |
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12 |
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2652-2665 |
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basic density; biomechanical traits; hydraulic traits; wood traits |
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Abstract Wood properties and especially wood density have been used as functional traits organized along major axes of species life history and strategy. Beyond statistical analyses, a better mechanistic understanding of relationships among wood traits is essential for ecologically relevant interpretation of wood trait variations. A set of theoretical relationships mechanistically linking wood basic density with some other wood traits is derived from cellular material physics. These theoretical models picture basic physical constraints and thus provide null hypotheses for further ecological studies. Analysis is applied to data from two original datasets and several datasets extracted from the literature. Results emphasize the strong physical constraint behind the link between basic density and maximal storable water on the one hand, and elastic modulus on the other hand. Beyond these basic physical constraints, the developed framework reveals physically less expected trends: the amount of free water available for physiological needs increases in less dense wood of fast-growing species, and the cell wall stiffness decreases with density in temperate hardwoods and is higher in sapling stages in the rainforest understorey where competition for light is associated with high mechanical risk. We emphasize the use of theoretically independent traits derived from models of cellular material physics to investigate the functional variation of wood traits together with their environmental and phylogenetic variations. Although the current study is limited to basic density, green wood lumen saturation and wood specific modulus, we further emphasize the identification of complementary independent wood traits representing other biomechanical functions, nutrient storage, hydraulic conductance and resistance to drought. A plain language summary is available for this article. |
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John Wiley & Sons, Ltd (10.1111) |
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0269-8463 |
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doi: 10.1111/1365-2435.13209 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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851 |
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Lobova, T.A.; Mori, S.A.; Blanchard, F.; Peckham, H.; Charles-Dominique, P. |
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Cecropia as a food resource for bats in French Guiana and the significance of fruit structure in seed dispersal and longevity |
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Journal Article |
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2003 |
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American Journal of Botany |
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Am. J. Bot. |
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90 |
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3 |
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388-403 |
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bat dispersal; Cecropia; French Guiana; fruit anatomy; fruit morphology; mucilage; Neotropical bats; soil seed bank |
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Cecropia (Cecropiaceae) is a Neotropical genus of pioneer plants. A review of bat/plant dispersal interactions revealed that 15 species of Cecropia are consumed by 32 species of bats. In French Guiana, bats were captured in primary and secondary forests, yielding 936 fecal samples with diaspores, among which 162 contained fruits of C. obtusa, C. palmata, and C. sciadophylla. A comparative morphological and anatomical study of fruits and seeds taken directly from herbarium specimens, bat feces, and an experimental soil seed bank was made. Contrary to previous reports, the dispersal unit of Cecropia is the fruit not the seed. Bats consume the infructescence, digest pulp derived from the enlarged, fleshy perianth, and defecate the fruits. The mucilaginous pericarp of Cecropia is described. The external mucilage production of Cecropia may facilitate endozoochory. The exocarp and part of the mesocarp may be lost after passage through the digestive tract of bats, but fruits buried for a year in the soil seed bank remain structurally unchanged. Fruit characters were found to be useful for identifying species of bat-dispersed Cecropia. Bat dispersal is not necessary for seed germination but it increases seed survival and subsequent germination. Fruit structure plays a significant role in seed longevity. |
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New York Bot Garden, Inst Systemat Bot, Bronx, NY 10458 USA |
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BOTANICAL SOC AMER INC |
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0002-9122 |
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ISI:000183133100008 |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
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272 |
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Duminil, J.; Caron, H.; Scotti, I.; Cazal, S.O.; Petit, R.J. |
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Blind population genetics survey of tropical rainforest trees |
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Journal Article |
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2006 |
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Molecular Ecology |
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Mol. Ecol. |
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15 |
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12 |
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3505-3513 |
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Bayesian assignment tests; genetic diversity; geographical structure; South America; species delimitation |
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Rainforest tree species can be difficult to identify outside of their period of reproduction. Vascular tissues from Carapa spp. individuals were collected during a short field trip in French Guiana and analysed in the laboratory with nuclear and chloroplast markers. Using a Bayesian approach, > 90% of the samples could be assigned to one of two distinct clusters corresponding to previously described species, making it possible to estimate the genetic structure of each species and to identify cases of introgression. We argue that this blind procedure represents a first-choice rather than a fallback option whenever related taxa are investigated. |
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INRA, UMR Biodivers Genes & Ecosyst, F-33612 Cestas, France, Email: caron@pierroton.inra.fr |
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BLACKWELL PUBLISHING |
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0962-1083 |
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ISI:000241157400002 |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
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175 |
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Aubry-Kientz, M.; Rossi, V.; Boreux, J.-J.; Herault, B. |
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A joint individual-based model coupling growth and mortality reveals that tree vigor is a key component of tropical forest dynamics |
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Journal Article |
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2015 |
Publication |
Ecology and Evolution |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ecology and Evolution |
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5 |
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12 |
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2457-2465 |
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Bayesian framework; Estimation method; Individual-based model; Linked models; Mcmc; Paracou; Tropical forest dynamic |
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Tree vigor is often used as a covariate when tree mortality is predicted from tree growth in tropical forest dynamic models, but it is rarely explicitly accounted for in a coherent modeling framework. We quantify tree vigor at the individual tree level, based on the difference between expected and observed growth. The available methods to join nonlinear tree growth and mortality processes are not commonly used by forest ecologists so that we develop an inference methodology based on an MCMC approach, allowing us to sample the parameters of the growth and mortality model according to their posterior distribution using the joint model likelihood. We apply our framework to a set of data on the 20-year dynamics of a forest in Paracou, French Guiana, taking advantage of functional trait-based growth and mortality models already developed independently. Our results showed that growth and mortality are intimately linked and that the vigor estimator is an essential predictor of mortality, highlighting that trees growing more than expected have a far lower probability of dying. Our joint model methodology is sufficiently generic to be used to join two longitudinal and punctual linked processes and thus may be applied to a wide range of growth and mortality models. In the context of global changes, such joint models are urgently needed in tropical forests to analyze, and then predict, the effects of the ongoing changes on the tree dynamics in hyperdiverse tropical forests. © 2015 The Authors. Ecology and Evolution published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. |
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Département des Sciences et Gestion de l'environnement, Université de Liège, Arlon, Belgium |
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Export Date: 3 July 2015 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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608 |
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Molto, Q.; Rossi, V.; Blanc, L. |
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Title |
Error propagation in biomass estimation in tropical forests |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2013 |
Publication |
Methods in Ecology and Evolution |
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4 |
Issue |
2 |
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175-183 |
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Bayesian framework; Modelling; Redd; Uncertainty propagation |
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Reliable above-ground biomass (AGB) estimates are required for studies of carbon fluxes and stocks. However, there is a huge lack of knowledge concerning the precision of AGB estimates and the sources of this uncertainty. At the tree level, the tree height is predicted using the tree diameter at breast height (DBH) and a height sub-model. The wood-specific gravity (WSG) is predicted with taxonomic information and a WSG sub-model. The tree mass is predicted using the predicted height, the predicted WSG and the biomass sub-model. Our models were inferred with Bayesian methods and the uncertainty propagated with a Monte Carlo scheme. The uncertainties in the predictions of tree height, tree WSG and tree mass were neglected sequentially to quantify their contributions to the uncertainty in AGB. The study was conducted in French Guiana where long-term research on forest ecosystems provided an outstanding data collection on tree height, tree dynamics, tree mass and species WSG. We found that the uncertainty in the AGB estimates was found to derive primarily from the biomass sub-model. The models used to predict the tree heights and WSG contributed negligible uncertainty to the final estimate. Considering our results, a poor knowledge of WSG and the height-diameter relationship does not increase the uncertainty in AGB estimates. However, it could lead to bias. Therefore, models and databases should be used with care. This study provides a methodological framework that can be broadly used by foresters and plant ecologist. It provides the accurate confidence intervals associated with forest AGB estimates made from inventory data. When estimating region-scale AGB values (through spatial interpolation, spatial modelling or satellite signal treatment), the uncertainty of the forest AGB value in the reference forest plots has to be taken in account. We believe that in the light of the Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Degradation debate, our method is a crucial step in monitoring carbon stocks and their spatio-temporal evolution. © 2012 The Authors. Methods in Ecology and Evolution © 2012 British Ecological Society. |
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CIRAD, UMR 'Ecologie des Forêts de Guyane', Kourou Cedex, 97 379, France |
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Export Date: 21 February 2013; Source: Scopus |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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470 |
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Herault, B.; Bachelot, B.; Poorter, L.; Rossi, V.; Bongers, F.; Chave, J.; Paine, C.E.T.; Wagner, F.; Baraloto, C. |
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Title |
Functional traits shape ontogenetic growth trajectories of rain forest tree species |
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Journal Article |
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2011 |
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Journal of Ecology |
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J. Ecol. |
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99 |
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6 |
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1431-1440 |
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Bayesian modelling; Functional traits; Growth modelling; Leaf economics; Leaf-height-seed strategy; Plant development and life-history traits; Plant strategy; Stem economics; Tropical rain forest |
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1.Functional traits are posited to explain interspecific differences in performance, but these relationships are difficult to describe for long-lived organisms such as trees, which exhibit strong ontogenetic changes in demographic rates. Here, we use a size-dependent model of tree growth to test the extent to which of 17 functional traits related to leaf and stem economics, adult stature and seed size predict the ontogenetic trajectory of tree growth. 2.We used a Bayesian modelling framework to parameterize and contrast three size-dependent diameter growth models using 16years of census data from 5524 individuals of 50 rain forest tree species: a size-dependent model, a size-dependent model with species-specific parameters and a size-dependent model based on functional traits. 3.Most species showed clear hump-shaped ontogenetic growth trajectories and, across species, maximum growth rate varied nearly tenfold, from 0.58 to 5.51mmyear-1. Most species attained their maximum growth at 60% of their maximum size, whereas the magnitude of ontogenetic changes in growth rate varied widely among species. 4.The Trait-Model provided the best compromise between explained variance and model parsimony and needed considerably fewer parameters than the model with species terms. 5.Stem economics and adult stature largely explained interspecific differences in growth strategy. Maximum absolute diameter growth rates increased with increasing adult stature and leaf δ13C and decreased with increasing wood density. Species with light wood had the greatest potential to modulate their growth, resulting in hump-shaped ontogenetic growth curves. Seed size and leaf economics, generally thought to be of paramount importance for plant performance, had no significant relationships with the growth parameters. 6.Synthesis. Our modelling approach offers a promising way to link demographic parameters to their functional determinants and hence to predict growth trajectories in species-rich communities with little parameter inflation, bridging the gap between functional ecology and population demography. © 2011 The Authors. Journal of Ecology © 2011 British Ecological Society. |
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Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, United States |
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00220477 (Issn) |
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Export Date: 21 October 2011; Source: Scopus; Coden: Jecoa; doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2745.2011.01883.x; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: Hérault, B.; Université des Antilles et de la Guyane, UMR Ecologie des Forêts de Guyane, 97387 Kourou Cedex, France; email: bruno.herault@ecofog.gf |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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342 |
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Mortier, F.; Rossi, V.; Guillot, G.; Gourlet-Fleury, S.; Picard, N. |
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Population dynamics of species-rich ecosystems: The mixture of matrix population models approach |
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Journal Article |
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2013 |
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Methods in Ecology and Evolution |
Abbreviated Journal |
Methods Ecol. Evol. |
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4 |
Issue |
4 |
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316-326 |
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Bayesian; Clustering; Mixture models; Population dynamics; Reversible jump Markov chain Monte Carlo; Species-rich ecosystems; Tropical rain forests |
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Matrix population models are widely used to predict population dynamics, but when applied to species-rich ecosystems with many rare species, the small population sample sizes hinder a good fit of species-specific models. This issue can be overcome by assigning species to groups to increase the size of the calibration data sets. However, the species classification is often disconnected from the matrix modelling and from the estimation of matrix parameters, thus bringing species groups that may not be optimal with respect to the predicted community dynamics. We proposed here a method that jointly classified species into groups and fit the matrix models in an integrated way. The model was a special case of mixture with unknown number of components and was cast in a Bayesian framework. An MCMC algorithm was developed to infer the unknown parameters: the number of groups, the group of each species and the dynamics parameters. We applied the method to simulated data and showed that the algorithm efficiently recovered the model parameters. We applied the method to a data set from a tropical rain forest in French Guiana. The mixture matrix model classified tree species into well-differentiated groups with clear ecological interpretations. It also accurately predicted the forest dynamics over the 16-year observation period. Our model and algorithm can straightforwardly be adapted to any type of matrix model, using the life cycle diagram. It can be used as an unsupervised classification technique to group species with similar population dynamics. © 2012 The Authors. Methods in Ecology and Evolution © 2012 British Ecological Society. |
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Statistics Section IMM, Technical University of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark |
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2041210x (Issn) |
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Export Date: 16 April 2013; Source: Scopus; :doi 10.1111/2041-210x.12019; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: Mortier, F.; CIRAD, UPR Bsef, Montpellier, 34398, France; email: frederic.mortier@cirad.fr |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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480 |
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Maia, A.C.D.; Dötterl, S.; Kaiser, R.; Silberbauer-Gottsberger, I.; Teichert, H.; Gibernau, M.; do Amaral Ferraz Navarro, D.M.; Schlindwein, C.; Gottsberger, G. |
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The Key Role of 4-methyl-5-vinylthiazole in the Attraction of Scarab Beetle Pollinators: A Unique Olfactory Floral Signal Shared by Annonaceae and Araceae |
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Journal Article |
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2012 |
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Journal of Chemical Ecology |
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J. Chem. Ecol. |
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38 |
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9 |
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1072-1080 |
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Beetle pollination; Floral scent; Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS); Olfactory-mediated attraction |
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Cyclocephaline scarabs are specialised scent-driven pollinators, implicated with the reproductive success of several Neotropical plant taxa. Night-blooming flowers pollinated by these beetles are thermogenic and release intense fragrances synchronized to pollinator activity. However, data on floral scent composition within such mutualistic interactions are scarce, and the identity of behaviorally active compounds involved is largely unknown. We performed GC-MS analyses of floral scents of four species of Annona (magnoliids, Annonaceae) and Caladium bicolor (monocots, Araceae), and demonstrated the chemical basis for the attraction of their effective pollinators. 4-Methyl-5-vinylthiazole, a nitrogen and sulphur-containing heterocyclic compound previously unreported in flowers, was found as a prominent constituent in all studied species. Field biotests confirmed that it is highly attractive to both male and female beetles of three species of the genus Cyclocephala, pollinators of the studied plant taxa. The origin of 4-methyl-5-vinylthiazole in plants might be associated with the metabolism of thiamine (vitamin B1), and we hypothesize that the presence of this compound in unrelated lineages of angiosperms is either linked to selective expression of a plesiomorphic biosynthetic pathway or to parallel evolution. © 2012 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC. |
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Departamento de Botânica, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil |
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00980331 (Issn) |
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Export Date: 2 November 2012; Source: Scopus; Coden: Jcecd; doi: 10.1007/s10886-012-0173-z; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: Maia, A. C. D.; Departamento de Química Fundamental, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife 50740-560, Brazil; email: arturcamposmaia@yahoo.com.br |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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444 |
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Seymour, R.S.; White, C.R.; Gibernau, M. |
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Endothermy of dynastine scarab beetles (Cyclocephala colasi) associated with pollination biology of a thermogenic arum lily (Philodendron solimoesense) |
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2009 |
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Journal of Experimental Biology |
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J. Exp. Biol. |
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212 |
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18 |
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2960-2968 |
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beetle; endothermy; pollination biology; Cyclocephala; Philodendron |
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Cyclocephala colasi beetles are facultative endotherms that spend most of their adult lives inside the inflorescences of Philodendron solimoesense, where ambient temperature (T-a) averages about 28 degrees C due to floral thermogenesis. Measurements of respiration within a range of T-a showed that active beetles became spontaneously endothermic at T-a below 28 degrees C but were rarely endothermic above it. There was no evidence of endothermy within the inflorescences, indicating that activities in the floral chamber can occur without the high energy expense of endothermy. Bouts of endothermy occurred at lower T-a in respirometer chambers mainly in the evening, when the insects normally fly from one inflorescence to another, and during the night, when they normally eat and mate within the inflorescence. Patterns of endothermy in individual episodes were studied in non-flying beetles with respirometry and infrared thermal imaging. Heat was generated in the thorax by oscillatory waves of respiration that were coupled with thoracic temperature (T-th) increases. Stationary beetles could regulate T-th at about 33 degrees C independently of T-a between 16 and 29 degrees C. At T-a=20 degrees C, this represents a 116-fold increase in metabolic rate over resting, ectothermic values. Endothermy was clearly a requirement for flight, and beetles departing inflorescences warmed to about 30 degrees C before take-off. During flight, T-th was dependent on T-a, decreasing from 37 to 28 degrees C at T-a of 37 to 20 degrees C, respectively. The lowest T-a at which flight could occur was about 20 degrees C. Thermal conductance of stationary, endothermic beetles increased at higher metabolic rates, probably because of increased ventilatory heat loss. |
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[Seymour, Roger S.] Univ Adelaide, Sch Earth & Environm Sci, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia, Email: roger.seymour@adelaide.edu.au |
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COMPANY OF BIOLOGISTS LTD |
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0022-0949 |
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ISI:000269383500014 |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
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198 |
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Lamarre, G.P.A.; Mendoza, I.; Rougerie, R.; Decaëns, T.; Herault, B.; Bénéluz, F. |
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Stay Out (Almost) All Night: Contrasting Responses in Flight Activity Among Tropical Moth Assemblages |
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2015 |
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Neotropical Entomology |
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Neotropical Entomology |
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44 |
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2 |
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109-115 |
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Behavior; diel activity; light trap; monitoring; moth; tropical forest |
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Abstract |
Variations in diel activity among hyperdiverse tropical communities of moths, despite representing a key component of niche partitioning between species, have barely been studied so far. Using light trapping from dawn to sunset over a 1-year period in French Guiana, we investigated these variations within and between two families of moths (Sphingidae and Saturniidae). Our results revealed contrasting patterns in flight activity at night between Sphingidae and Saturniidae. Sphingidae reached their peak in species richness and abundance between 7:00 and 8:00 p.m., followed by a decrease around 11:00 p.m. to midnight, whereas Saturniidae were continuously present throughout the night, with a peak around midnight. In addition, we found changes in diel activity among some of the most common genera in each family, highlighting distinct behavioral, physiological, and functional traits among taxa. Given differences in flight activity at different taxonomic levels, it is strongly recommended to monitor by light trapping throughout the night to effectively sample saturniid and sphingid assemblages, even though the activity of Sphingidae sharply declines after midnight. These results improve the general natural history information of tropical moths and reinforce the need of further research on the ecological and taxonomic consequences of differences in diel activity. © 2015, Sociedade Entomológica do Brasil. |
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Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive, UMR 5175 CNRSMontpellier Cedex 5, France |
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Export Date: 9 April 2015 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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592 |
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