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Aubry-Kientz, M.; Rossi, V.; Boreux, J.-J.; Herault, B. |
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Title |
A joint individual-based model coupling growth and mortality reveals that tree vigor is a key component of tropical forest dynamics |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2015 |
Publication |
Ecology and Evolution |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ecology and Evolution |
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5 |
Issue |
12 |
Pages |
2457-2465 |
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Bayesian framework; Estimation method; Individual-based model; Linked models; Mcmc; Paracou; Tropical forest dynamic |
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Abstract |
Tree vigor is often used as a covariate when tree mortality is predicted from tree growth in tropical forest dynamic models, but it is rarely explicitly accounted for in a coherent modeling framework. We quantify tree vigor at the individual tree level, based on the difference between expected and observed growth. The available methods to join nonlinear tree growth and mortality processes are not commonly used by forest ecologists so that we develop an inference methodology based on an MCMC approach, allowing us to sample the parameters of the growth and mortality model according to their posterior distribution using the joint model likelihood. We apply our framework to a set of data on the 20-year dynamics of a forest in Paracou, French Guiana, taking advantage of functional trait-based growth and mortality models already developed independently. Our results showed that growth and mortality are intimately linked and that the vigor estimator is an essential predictor of mortality, highlighting that trees growing more than expected have a far lower probability of dying. Our joint model methodology is sufficiently generic to be used to join two longitudinal and punctual linked processes and thus may be applied to a wide range of growth and mortality models. In the context of global changes, such joint models are urgently needed in tropical forests to analyze, and then predict, the effects of the ongoing changes on the tree dynamics in hyperdiverse tropical forests. © 2015 The Authors. Ecology and Evolution published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. |
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Département des Sciences et Gestion de l'environnement, Université de Liège, Arlon, Belgium |
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Export Date: 3 July 2015 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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608 |
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Duminil, J.; Caron, H.; Scotti, I.; Cazal, S.O.; Petit, R.J. |
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Title |
Blind population genetics survey of tropical rainforest trees |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2006 |
Publication |
Molecular Ecology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Mol. Ecol. |
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15 |
Issue |
12 |
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3505-3513 |
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Bayesian assignment tests; genetic diversity; geographical structure; South America; species delimitation |
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Rainforest tree species can be difficult to identify outside of their period of reproduction. Vascular tissues from Carapa spp. individuals were collected during a short field trip in French Guiana and analysed in the laboratory with nuclear and chloroplast markers. Using a Bayesian approach, > 90% of the samples could be assigned to one of two distinct clusters corresponding to previously described species, making it possible to estimate the genetic structure of each species and to identify cases of introgression. We argue that this blind procedure represents a first-choice rather than a fallback option whenever related taxa are investigated. |
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INRA, UMR Biodivers Genes & Ecosyst, F-33612 Cestas, France, Email: caron@pierroton.inra.fr |
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BLACKWELL PUBLISHING |
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0962-1083 |
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ISI:000241157400002 |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
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175 |
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Lobova, T.A.; Mori, S.A.; Blanchard, F.; Peckham, H.; Charles-Dominique, P. |
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Title |
Cecropia as a food resource for bats in French Guiana and the significance of fruit structure in seed dispersal and longevity |
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Journal Article |
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2003 |
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American Journal of Botany |
Abbreviated Journal |
Am. J. Bot. |
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Volume |
90 |
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3 |
Pages |
388-403 |
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Keywords |
bat dispersal; Cecropia; French Guiana; fruit anatomy; fruit morphology; mucilage; Neotropical bats; soil seed bank |
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Cecropia (Cecropiaceae) is a Neotropical genus of pioneer plants. A review of bat/plant dispersal interactions revealed that 15 species of Cecropia are consumed by 32 species of bats. In French Guiana, bats were captured in primary and secondary forests, yielding 936 fecal samples with diaspores, among which 162 contained fruits of C. obtusa, C. palmata, and C. sciadophylla. A comparative morphological and anatomical study of fruits and seeds taken directly from herbarium specimens, bat feces, and an experimental soil seed bank was made. Contrary to previous reports, the dispersal unit of Cecropia is the fruit not the seed. Bats consume the infructescence, digest pulp derived from the enlarged, fleshy perianth, and defecate the fruits. The mucilaginous pericarp of Cecropia is described. The external mucilage production of Cecropia may facilitate endozoochory. The exocarp and part of the mesocarp may be lost after passage through the digestive tract of bats, but fruits buried for a year in the soil seed bank remain structurally unchanged. Fruit characters were found to be useful for identifying species of bat-dispersed Cecropia. Bat dispersal is not necessary for seed germination but it increases seed survival and subsequent germination. Fruit structure plays a significant role in seed longevity. |
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New York Bot Garden, Inst Systemat Bot, Bronx, NY 10458 USA |
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BOTANICAL SOC AMER INC |
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0002-9122 |
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ISI:000183133100008 |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
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272 |
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Dlouhá, J.; Alméras, T.; Beauchene, J.; Clair, B.; Fournier, M. |
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Title |
Biophysical dependences among functional wood traits |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Functional Ecology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Funct Ecol |
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32 |
Issue |
12 |
Pages |
2652-2665 |
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Keywords |
basic density; biomechanical traits; hydraulic traits; wood traits |
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Abstract Wood properties and especially wood density have been used as functional traits organized along major axes of species life history and strategy. Beyond statistical analyses, a better mechanistic understanding of relationships among wood traits is essential for ecologically relevant interpretation of wood trait variations. A set of theoretical relationships mechanistically linking wood basic density with some other wood traits is derived from cellular material physics. These theoretical models picture basic physical constraints and thus provide null hypotheses for further ecological studies. Analysis is applied to data from two original datasets and several datasets extracted from the literature. Results emphasize the strong physical constraint behind the link between basic density and maximal storable water on the one hand, and elastic modulus on the other hand. Beyond these basic physical constraints, the developed framework reveals physically less expected trends: the amount of free water available for physiological needs increases in less dense wood of fast-growing species, and the cell wall stiffness decreases with density in temperate hardwoods and is higher in sapling stages in the rainforest understorey where competition for light is associated with high mechanical risk. We emphasize the use of theoretically independent traits derived from models of cellular material physics to investigate the functional variation of wood traits together with their environmental and phylogenetic variations. Although the current study is limited to basic density, green wood lumen saturation and wood specific modulus, we further emphasize the identification of complementary independent wood traits representing other biomechanical functions, nutrient storage, hydraulic conductance and resistance to drought. A plain language summary is available for this article. |
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John Wiley & Sons, Ltd (10.1111) |
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0269-8463 |
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doi: 10.1111/1365-2435.13209 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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851 |
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Dezecache, C.; Salles, J.-M.; Herault, B. |
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Title |
Questioning emissions-based approaches for the definition of REDD+ deforestation baselines in high forest cover/low deforestation countries |
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Journal Article |
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2018 |
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Carbon Balance Manage. |
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13 |
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21 |
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Baseline; Deforestation; Guiana Shield; HFLD countries; Redd+; Reference level; Spatial modelling |
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Background: REDD+ is being questioned by the particular status of High Forest/Low Deforestation countries. Indeed, the formulation of reference levels is made difficult by the confrontation of low historical deforestation records with the forest transition theory on the one hand. On the other hand, those countries might formulate incredibly high deforestation scenarios to ensure large payments even in case of inaction. Results: Using a wide range of scenarios within the Guiana Shield, from methods involving basic assumptions made from past deforestation, to explicit modelling of deforestation using relevant socio-economic variables at the regional scale, we show that the most common methodologies predict huge increases in deforestation, unlikely to happen given the existing socio-economic situation. More importantly, it is unlikely that funds provided under most of these scenarios could compensate for the total cost of avoided deforestation in the region, including social and economic costs. Conclusion: This study suggests that a useful and efficient international mechanism should really focus on removing the underlying political and socio-economic forces of deforestation rather than on hypothetical result-based payments estimated from very questionable reference levels. |
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BioMed Central Ltd. |
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17500680 (Issn) |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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837 |
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Vincent, G.; Sabatier, D.; Blanc, L.; Chave, J.; Weissenbacher, E.; Pélissier, R.; Fonty, E.; Molino, J.-F.; Couteron, P. |
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Title |
Accuracy of small footprint airborne LiDAR in its predictions of tropical moist forest stand structure |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2012 |
Publication |
Remote Sensing of Environment |
Abbreviated Journal |
Remote Sens. Environ. |
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125 |
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23-33 |
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Keywords |
Basal area; Lidar; Tropical moist forest |
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We predict stand basal area (BA) from small footprint LiDAR data in 129 one-ha tropical forest plots across four sites in French Guiana and encompassing a great diversity of forest structures resulting from natural (soil and geological substrate) and anthropogenic effects (unlogged and logged forests). We use predictors extracted from the Canopy Height Model to compare models of varying complexity: single or multiple regressions and nested models that predict BA by independent estimates of stem density and quadratic mean diameter. Direct multiple regression was the most accurate, giving a 9.6% Root Mean Squared Error of Prediction (RMSEP). The magnitude of the various errors introduced during the data collection stage is evaluated and their contribution to MSEP is analyzed. It was found that these errors accounted for less than 10% of model MSEP, suggesting that there is considerable scope for model improvement. Although site-specific models showed lower MSEP than global models, stratification by site may not be the optimal solution. The key to future improvement would appear to lie in a stratification that captures variations in relations between LiDAR and forest structure. © 2012 Elsevier Inc. |
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ONF, Direction régionale de la Guyane, Cayenne, 97300 France |
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00344257 (Issn) |
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Export Date: 9 August 2012; Source: Scopus; Article in Press; Coden: Rseea; doi: 10.1016/j.rse.2012.06.019; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: Vincent, G.; IRD AMAP CIRAD, TA A-51/PS2, 34398 Montpellier cedex 5, Franceemail: gregoire.vincent@ird.fr |
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no |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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418 |
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Gourlet-Fleury, S.; Rossi, V.; Rejou-Mechain, M.; Freycon, V.; Fayolle, A.; Saint-André, L.; Cornu, G.; Gérard, J.; Sarrailh, J.-M.; Flores, O.; Baya, F.; Billand, A.; Fauvet, N.; Gally, M.; Henry, M.; Hubert, D.; Pasquier, A.; Picard, N. |
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Title |
Environmental filtering of dense-wooded species controls above-ground biomass stored in African moist forests |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2011 |
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Journal of Ecology |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Ecol. |
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99 |
Issue |
4 |
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981-990 |
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Basal area; Central African Republic; Determinants of plant community diversity and structure; Life-history strategy; Soil fertility; Species sorting; Vital rates; Water reserve; Wood density; aboveground biomass; basal area; climate change; data set; database; diameter; forest ecosystem; forest inventory; life history trait; nutrient availability; physical property; plant community; resource availability; soil fertility; soil nutrient; soil texture; soil type; stem; tropical forest; wood; Central African Republic |
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Abstract |
1.Regional above-ground biomass estimates for tropical moist forests remain highly inaccurate mostly because they are based on extrapolations from a few plots scattered across a limited range of soils and other environmental conditions. When such conditions impact biomass, the estimation is biased. The effect of soil types on biomass has especially yielded controversial results. 2.We investigated the relationship between above-ground biomass and soil type in undisturbed moist forests in the Central African Republic. We tested the effects of soil texture, as a surrogate for soil resources availability and physical constraints (soil depth and hydromorphy) on biomass. Forest inventory data were collected for trees ≥20cm stem diameter in 2754 0.5ha plots scattered over 4888km2. The plots contained 224 taxons, of which 209 were identified to species. Soil types were characterized from a 1:1000000 scale soil map. Species-specific values for wood density were extracted from the CIRAD's data base of wood technological properties. 3.We found that basal area and biomass differ in their responses to soil type, ranging from 17.8m2ha-1 (217.5tha-1) to 22.3m2ha-1 (273.3tha-1). While shallow and hydromorphic soils support forests with both low stem basal area and low biomass, forests on deep resource-poor soils are typically low in basal area but as high in biomass as forests on deep resource-rich soils. We demonstrated that the environmental filtering of slow growing dense-wooded species on resource-poor soils compensates for the low basal area, and we discuss whether this filtering effect is due to low fertility or to low water reserve. 4.Synthesis. We showed that soil physical conditions constrained the amount of biomass stored in tropical moist forests. Contrary to previous reports, our results suggest that biomass is similar on resource-poor and resource-rich soils. This finding highlights both the importance of taking into account soil characteristics and species wood density when trying to predict regional patterns of biomass. Our findings have implications for the evaluation of biomass stocks in tropical forests, in the context of the international negotiations on climate change. © 2011 The Authors. Journal of Ecology © 2011 British Ecological Society. |
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CIRAD, BP 4035, Libreville, Gabon |
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00220477 (Issn) |
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Cited By (since 1996): 1; Export Date: 23 October 2011; Source: Scopus; Coden: Jecoa; doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2745.2011.01829.x; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: Gourlet-Fleury, S.; Cirad, UR BandSEF, Biens et Services des Ecosystèmes Forestiers tropicaux, Campus International de Baillarguet, TA C-105/D, F-34398, Montpellier, France; email: sylvie.gourlet-fleury@cirad.fr |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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361 |
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Author |
Ferry, B.; Bontemps, J.-D.; Blanc, L.; Baraloto, C. |
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Title |
Is climate a stronger driver of tree growth than disturbance? A comment on Toledo et al. (2011) |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2012 |
Publication |
Journal of Ecology |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Ecol. |
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Volume |
100 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
1065-1068 |
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Keywords |
Basal area change; Bolivia; Climate; Disturbance; Logging; Plant-climate interactions; Tree growth; Tropical forest |
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1.A recent article published by Toledo (2011b) investigates the effects of spatial variations in climate and soil, and of logging disturbance, on tree and forest growth in Bolivia. It concludes that climate is the strongest driver of tree and forest growth and that climate change may therefore have large consequences for forest productivity and carbon sequestration. However, serious methodological and conceptual discrepancies have been found that challenge these conclusions. 2.Because of an errant coding of 'time after logging' in the regression analysis, and because floristic changes induced by logging could not be incorporated into the analysis, the effect of logging on the average diameter growth is likely to have been strongly underestimated. 3.Basal area growth was improperly calculated as basal area change, and it displayed surprisingly high values, even among unlogged plots. We hypothesize that either these plots may be actually located in secondary forests recovering from past logging, or measurement biases may have hampered the data set. 4.Regardless of climate-growth relationships established across these plots, any inference concerning the potential effects of climate change on forest growth would require a specific quantitative assessment. 5.Synthesis. It is critical to re-assess the relative weight of climate and logging disturbance as driving factors of tree and forest growth, and to find an explanation for the very high basal area increment reported among the unlogged plots. We provide specific recommendations for further analyses of this and similar data sets. © 2012 British Ecological Society. |
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INRA, UMR Ecologie des Forêts de Guyane, 97379 Kourou, French Guiana |
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00220477 (Issn) |
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Cited By (since 1996): 1; Export Date: 4 September 2012; Source: Scopus; Coden: Jecoa; doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2745.2011.01895.x; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: Ferry, B.; AgroParisTech, ENGREF-Nancy, UMR 1092, F-54000 Nancy, France; email: bruno.ferry@engref.agroparistech.fr |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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426 |
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Clair, B.; Ghislain, B.; Prunier, J.; Lehnebach, R.; Beauchene, J.; Alméras, T. |
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Title |
Mechanical contribution of secondary phloem to postural control in trees: the bark side of the force |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2019 |
Publication |
New Phytologist |
Abbreviated Journal |
New Phytol |
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Volume |
221 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
209-217 |
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Keywords |
bark; Malvaceae; maturation stress; secondary phloem; tree biomechanics |
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Abstract |
Summary To grow straight, plants need a motor system that controls posture by generating forces to offset gravity. This motor function in trees was long thought to be only controlled by internal forces induced in wood. Here we provide evidence that bark is involved in the generation of mechanical stresses in several tree species. Saplings of nine tropical species were grown tilted and staked in a shadehouse and the change in curvature of the stem was measured after releasing from the pole and after removing the bark. This first experiment evidenced the contribution of bark in the up-righting movement of tree stems. Combined mechanical measurements of released strains on adult trees and microstructural observations in both transverse and longitudinal/tangential plane enabled us to identify the mechanism responsible for the development of asymmetric mechanical stress in the bark of stems of these species. This mechanism does not result from cell wall maturation like in wood, or from the direct action of turgor pressure like in unlignified organs, but is the consequence of the interaction between wood radial pressure and a smartly organized trellis structure in the inner bark. |
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John Wiley & Sons, Ltd (10.1111) |
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0028-646x |
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doi: 10.1111/nph.15375 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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853 |
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Author |
Stahl, C.; Burban, B.; Bompy, F.; Jolin, Z.B.; Sermage, J.; Bonal, D. |
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Title |
Seasonal variation in atmospheric relative humidity contributes to explaining seasonal variation in trunk circumference of tropical rain-forest trees in French Guiana |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Journal of Tropical Ecology |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Trop. Ecol. |
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Volume |
26 |
Issue |
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Pages |
393-405 |
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Keywords |
bark; drought; secondary growth; seasonality; tropical rain forest; water |
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Abstract |
Large seasonal variation in the rate of change in girth of tropical rain-forest tree species has been described, but its origin is still under debate. We tested whether this variation might be related to variation in atmospheric relative humidity through its influence on bark water content and thickness. Variation in trunk circumference of 182 adult trees was measured about twice a month in an undisturbed tropical rain forest over 18 mo using dendrometers. Furthermore, a laboratory experiment was conducted to test the direct influence of relative air humidity on bark water content and thickness. in the field, most trees displayed highly positive rates of change in girth at the onset of the wet season, while a quarter of the trees displayed negative changes during long dry seasons, whatever their total annual growth. This variation was correlated with environmental conditions, particularly with atmospheric relative humidity. Trees with high bark water content and thickness displayed a stronger decrease in girth during the dry season. in the chamber experiment, desiccation induced a decrease in the diameter of the trunk sections in tandem with a decrease in bark water content. As a result, seasonal variation in the rate of change in girth of tropical rain-forest trees reflects variation in trunk biophysical properties, through the influence of relative humidity on bark properties. but not directly variation in secondary growth. |
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[Stahl, Clement; Burban, Benoit; Bompy, Felix; Jolin, Zachari B.; Sermage, Juliette; Bonal, Damien] INRA, UMR Ecol Forets Guyane 745, Kourou 97387, French Guiana, Email: bonal@nancy.inra.fr |
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CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS |
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0266-4674 |
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ISI:000279100600005 |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
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57 |
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