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Brechet, L.; Ponton, S.; Roy, J.; Freycon, V.; Couteaux, M.M.; Bonal, D.; Epron, D. |
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Title |
Do tree species characteristics influence soil respiration in tropical forests? A test based on 16 tree species planted in monospecific plots |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2009 |
Publication |
Plant and Soil |
Abbreviated Journal |
Plant Soil |
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Volume |
319 |
Issue  |
1-2 |
Pages |
235-246 |
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Keywords |
Fine root; Litter quality; Nutrient cycling; Plant soil interactions; Soil respiration; Tropical plantations |
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The high spatial variability of soil respiration in tropical rainforests is well evaluated, but influences of biotic factors are not clearly understood. This study underlines the influence of tree species characteristics on soil respiration across a 16-monospecific plot design in a tropical plantation of French Guiana. A large variability of soil CO2 fluxes was observed among plots (i.e. 2.8 to 6.8 μmol m(-2) s(-1)) with the ranking being constant across seasons. There were no significant relationships between soil respiration and soil moisture or soil temperature, neither spatially, nor seasonally. The variability of soil respiration was mainly explained by quantitative factors such as leaf litterfall and basal area. Surprisingly, no significant relationship was observed between soil respiration and root biomass. However, the influence of substrate quality was revealed by a strong relationship between soil respiration and litterfall P (and litterfall N, to a lesser extent). |
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[Ponton, Stephane] Natl Inst Agr Res INRA Ctr Rech Nancy, Forest Ecol & Ecophysiol Unit, UMR EEF, F-54280 Seichamps, France, Email: ponton@nancy.inra.fr |
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0032-079X |
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ISI:000266143400020 |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
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110 |
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Prevost-Boure, N.C.; Ngao, J.; Berveiller, D.; Bonal, D.; Damesin, C.; Dufrene, E.; Lata, J.C.; Le Dantec, V.; Longdoz, B.; Ponton, S.; Soudani, K.; Epron, D. |
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Title |
Root exclusion through trenching does not affect the isotopic composition of soil CO2 efflux |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2009 |
Publication |
Plant and Soil |
Abbreviated Journal |
Plant Soil |
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Volume |
319 |
Issue |
1-2 |
Pages |
1-13 |
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Keywords |
Stable carbon isotopes; Natural abundance; Soil respiration; Trenched plot; Rainforest; Temperate forest |
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Disentangling the autotrophic and heterotrophic components of soil CO2 efflux is critical to understanding the role of soil system in terrestrial carbon (C) cycling. In this study, we combined a stable C-isotope natural abundance approach with the trenched plot method to determine if root exclusion significantly affected the isotopic composition (delta C-13) of soil CO2 efflux (R-S). This study was performed in different forest ecosystems: a tropical rainforest and two temperate broadleaved forests, where trenched plots had previously been installed. At each site, R-S and its delta C-13 (delta C-13(Rs)) tended to be lower in trenched plots than in control plots. Contrary to R-S, delta C-13(Rs) differences were not significant. This observation is consistent with the small differences in delta C-13 measured on organic matter from root, litter and soil. The lack of an effect on delta C-13(Rs) by root exclusion could be from the small difference in delta C-13 between autotrophic and heterotrophic soil respirations, but further investigations are needed because of potential artefacts associated with the root exclusion technique. |
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[Prevost-Boure, Nicolas Chemidlin; Berveiller, Daniel; Damesin, Claire; Dufrene, Eric; Lata, Jean-Christophe; Soudani, Kamel] Univ Paris Sud, Lab Ecol Systemat & Evolut, AgroParisTech, CNRS,UMR 8079, F-75231 Paris, France, Email: nicolas.chemidlin-prevost-boure@u-psud.fr |
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0032-079X |
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ISI:000266143400001 |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
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203 |
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Gourlet-Fleury, S.; Comu, G.; Jesel, S.; Dessard, H.; Jourget, J.G.; Blanc, L.; Picard, N. |
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Title |
Using models to predict recovery and assess tree species vulnerability in logged tropical forests: A case study from French Guiana |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2005 |
Publication |
Forest Ecology and Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
For. Ecol. Manage. |
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Volume |
209 |
Issue |
1-2 |
Pages |
69-86 |
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Keywords |
matrix model; individual-based spatially explicit model; regeneration; recruitment; long-term population dynamics |
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A major challenge for forest managers is to define the optimal cutting cycle to ensure that the resource is sustained in the long term. Matrix models of forest dynamics allow time-projection of diameter-class distributions and thus assessment of the time needed, after logging, to recover a given part of the exploitable stock. They are easy to build and they only require, as input variables, the diameter structure of the population(s) under scope. However, such models are based on a coarse description of tree population dynamics and must be used with caution. In particular, as trees are only described from a diameter threshold (usually 10 cm dbh), recruitment of a new tree cannot be linked with the preceding generation since too much time elapsed between seed dispersal and the installation of a 10-cm recruit. This causes predictions of matrix models to be highly questionable in the long term when ingrowth to larger dbh classes greatly depends on the way recruitment has been modelled. We used a case study from French Guiana to test whether or not a simple matrix model is reliable enough to help forest managers choose between management alternatives. We focused on the major timber species Dicorynia guianensis Amshoff (Caesalpiniaceae) harvested under a selective cutting regime. We compared predictions of D. guianensis stock recovery in the short and long term provided by two models: StoMat, a non-regulated matrix model, and SELVA, a single-tree distance dependent model explicitly simulating the entire species life cycle. Both models were independently calibrated on data from Paracou permanent sample plots. We showed that: (i) the short-term recovery of the exploitable stock predicted by StoMat is reliable for a large range of disturbance conditions; (ii) recruitment implementation in StoMat does not influence projections until the third felling cycle; (iii) for shared initial stand conditions SELVA and StoMat give consistent mid- and long-term predictions: the simple recruitment model used into StoMat could efficiently summarise the regeneration processes of the species under low felling intensity. Our results indicate that the current felling regime used in French Guiana may not be sustainable on a long-term basis. In any case, no more than 60% of the initial stock would be recovered after logging. We conclude that simple models can provide as reliable predictions as more complicated ones. They may be sufficient to assess the recovery of a species' exploitable stock even in the long term, or at least assess the (un)sustainability of particular harvesting regimes. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. |
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CIRAD, Dept Forets, F-34398 Montpellier 5, France, Email: sylvie.gourlet-fleury@cirad.fr |
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ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV |
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0378-1127 |
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ISI:000228504600007 |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
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257 |
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Coq, S.; Weigel, J.; Butenschoen, O.; Bonal, D.; Hattenschwiler, S. |
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Title |
Litter composition rather than plant presence affects decomposition of tropical litter mixtures |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2011 |
Publication |
Plant and Soil |
Abbreviated Journal |
Plant Soil |
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Volume |
343 |
Issue |
1-2 |
Pages |
273-286 |
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Keywords |
Amazonian lowland rainforest; Belowground/aboveground interactions; Litter decomposition; Non-additive effect; Nitrogen dynamic; Plant-soil feedback |
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Litter decomposition is strongly controlled by litter quality, but the composition of litter mixtures and potential interactions with live plants through root activity may also influence decomposers. In a greenhouse experiment in French Guiana we studied the combined effects of the presence of tropical tree seedlings and of distinct litter composition on mass and nitrogen (N) loss from decomposing litter and on microbial biomass. Different litter mixtures decomposed for 435 days in pots filled with sand and containing an individual seedling from one of four different tree species. We found both additive and negative non-additive effects (NAE) of litter mixing on mass loss, whereas N loss showed negative and positive NAE of litter mixing. If litter from the two tree species, Platonia insignis and Goupia glabra were present, litter mixtures showed more positive and more negative NAE on N loss, respectively. Overall, decomposition, and in particular non-additive effects, were only weakly affected by the presence of tree seedlings. Litter mass loss weakly yet significantly decreased with increasing fine root biomass in presence of Goupia seedlings, but not in the presence of seedlings of any other tree species. Our results showed strong litter composition effects and also clear, mostly negative, non-additive effects on mass loss and N loss. Species identity of tree seedlings can modify litter decomposition, but these live plant effects remain quantitatively inferior to litter composition effects. |
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[Coq, Sylvain; Haettenschwiler, Stephan] CNRS, CEFE, F-34293 Montpellier 5, France, Email: sylvain.coq@gmail.com |
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Springer |
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0032-079x |
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ISI:000290688000020 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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320 |
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Barabe, D.; Lacroix, C.; Gibernau, M. |
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Title |
Floral development of Urospatha: merosity and phylogeny in the Lasioideae (Araceae) |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2011 |
Publication |
Plant Systematics and Evolution |
Abbreviated Journal |
Plant Syst. Evol. |
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296 |
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1-2 |
Pages |
41-50 |
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Inflorescence; Homeosis; Angiosperms; Systematic; Morphogenetic constraints |
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In this paper we study merosity in the genus Urospatha within the framework of a resolved phylogeny of the Araceae. We analyse how a transition from dimerous or tetramerous merosity to pentamerous or hexamerous merosity can occur developmentally in the Lasioideae. In Urospatha, initiation of floral primordia along the inflorescence is acropetal, while development of flowers is basipetal. This indicates the presence of two distinct phases in the development of the Urospatha inflorescence. The first phase corresponds to initiation of flowers and establishment of the phyllotactic pattern, and the second phase to differentiation of floral organs. Urospatha is characterized by the presence of trimerous, tetramerous, pentamerous and rarely hexamerous flowers. In all types of flowers, the stamens are closely associated and opposite to the tepals. Pentamerous flowers are formed by addition of a sector comprising a stamen and tepal. Likewise, in the case of hexamerous flowers, two sectors are added. In the Lasioideae, the increase in the number of tepals and stamens is linked with two developmental processes that have appeared independently in the subfamily: (1) addition of one or two stamen-petal sectors (Anaphyllopsis and Urospatha), and (2) independent increase in the number of tepals and stamens on whorls, more or less organized and inserted in alternate position (Dracontium). Tetramerous whorls as they occur in basal Lasioideae would be homologous to two dimerous whorls from an evolutionary point of view. |
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[Barabe, D; Gibernau, M] CNRS UMR Ecol Forets Guyane 8172, F-97387 Kourou, France, Email: denis.barabe@umontreal.ca |
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Springer Wien |
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0378-2697 |
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WOS:000294201300004 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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338 |
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Faucheux, M.J.; Gibernau, M. |
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Antennal sensilla in five Psychodini moth flies (Diptera: Psychodidae: Psychodinae) pollinators of Arum spp. (Araceae) |
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Journal Article |
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2011 |
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Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ann. Soc. Entomol. Fr. |
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47 |
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1-2 |
Pages |
89-100 |
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Keywords |
Chodopsycha; Deceptive pollination; Logima; Psycha; Psychoda |
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The pollination of the genus Arum (Araceae) is mainly achieved by deception, the floral odour mimicking the pollinator ovipositing site. In order to discover the sensory organs involved in this attraction, we have studied the antennae of five species of psychodine moth-flies (former Psychoda sensu lato = Psychodini), pollinators of Arum spp. The antennae of the five Psychodini reveal seven types of sensilla: multiporous tribranched sensilla basiconica (sensilla ascoidea), multiporous sensilla basiconica, multiporous sensilla coeloconica, multiporous sensilla auricillica, uniporous sensilla basiconica, aporous sensilla chaetica, aporous Böhm's sensilla. Each species possesses three, five or six of these sensillum types. All the multiporous sensilla are probably olfactory receptors while the uniporous sensilla basiconica must possess a contact chemoreceptive function. The multiporous tribranched sensilla basiconica (s. ascoidea), present in all the species, are the best candidates for the reception of the odours given off by the ovipositing sites and the inflorescences of Arum. The multiporous sensilla basiconica and the multiporous sensilla coeloconica may be involved respectively as CO2 receptors or thermoreceptors. Psychoda phalaenoides, which is the main pollinator of A. maculatum, is the species which possesses the largest number of antennal sensilla. The sexual dimorphism, studied only in Psycha grisescens, as concerns the number of sensilla and the absence of a sensillum type which differ according to sex, is difficult to interpret. |
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CNRS – Ecofog UMR 8172, BP 709, F-97387 Kourou, France |
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00379271 (Issn) |
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Export Date: 26 October 2011; Source: Scopus; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: Faucheux, M.J.; Université de Nantes, Laboratoire d'Endocrinologie des Insectes Sociaux, 2 rue de la Houssinière, F-44322 Nantes Cedex 03, France; email: faucheux.michel@free.fr |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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365 |
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Chartier, M.; Pélozuelo, L.; Gibernau, M. |
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Do floral odor profiles geographically vary with the degree of specificity for pollinators? Investigation in two sapromyophilous Arum species (Araceae) |
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Journal Article |
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2011 |
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Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ann. Soc. Entomol. Fr. |
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47 |
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1-2 |
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71-77 |
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Arum italicum; Arum maculatum; Floral scent; Psychodidae; Specificity |
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We compared floral odour profiles among populations of two Arum species which show different degrees of specificity for their fly pollinators. Insects were collected from inflorescences in four populations of Arum italicum and two populations of Arum maculatum. In six Arum populations, we compared inflorescences odour profiles collected by Solid Phase Micro Extraction (SPME) and analysed by gas chromatography. We confirmed that from a pollination point of view, A. italicum is an opportunist species, as it is mainly pollinated by insects of the families Psychodidae, Chironomidae and Sciaridae, whereas A. maculatum is a specialist species, as it is 90% pollinated by Psychodidae. In all populations, Arum italicum was less attractive to pollinators than Arum maculatum. Floral odour profiles of A. italicum were not geographically structured among populations, suggesting a high gene flow or adaptation to a fluctuant guild of pollinators. On the contrary, odour profiles of A. maculatum varied between the two populations studied suggesting a lower gene flow or adaptation to different local pollinator preferences. |
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CNRS – Ecofog (UMR 8172), BP709, F-97387 Kourou, France |
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00379271 (Issn) |
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Export Date: 26 October 2011; Source: Scopus; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: Chartier, M.; Université Paul Sabatier, Laboratoire Evolution and Diversité Biologique (UMR 5174), Bât. 4R3-B2, F-31062 Toulouse cedex 9, France; email: chartier.marion@gmail.com |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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366 |
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Mariano, C.S.F.; Silva Santos, I.D.A.; Groc, S.; Leroy, C.; Malé, P.-J.; Ruiz-González, M.X.; Cerdan, P.; Dejean, A.; Delabie, J.H.C. |
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The karyotypes of Gigantiops destructor (Fabricius) and other ants from French Guiana (Formicidae) |
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Journal Article |
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2011 |
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Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ann. Soc. Entomol. Fr. |
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47 |
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1-2 |
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140-146 |
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Chromosome number; Diversity; Minimum interaction theory |
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The aim of this study, which was conducted in French Guiana, was to characterize the karyotypes of nine ant species belonging to the genera Anochetus, Apterostigma, Cyphomyrmex, Camponotus, Gigantiops, Myrmicocrypta, Odontomachus and Pseudomyrmex, and to compare them with published data. We present the first descriptions of the karyotypes of Gigantiops destructor (Fabricius), an endemic Formicinae of the Amazonian region, which is the only living species in the tribe Gigantiopini, and of a species from the poorly-known cryptic genus Myrmicocrypta, which belongs to the Myrmicinae tribe Attini. |
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HYDRECO, Laboratoire Environnement Aménagement de Petit Saut, BP 823, F- 97388 Kourou Cedex, France |
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00379271 (Issn) |
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Export Date: 26 October 2011; Source: Scopus; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: Delabie, J.H.C.; Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Rodovia Ilhéus-Itabuna, Km 16, 45650-000 Ilhéus, Bahia, Brazil |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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367 |
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Siebicke, L.; Hunner, M.; Foken, T. |
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Aspects of CO 2 advection measurements |
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2012 |
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Theoretical and Applied Climatology |
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Theor. Appl. Climatol. |
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109 |
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1-2 |
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109-131 |
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Observations of vegetation-atmosphere exchange of carbon dioxide (CO 2) by the eddy covariance (EC) technique are limited by difficult conditions such as nighttime and heterogeneous terrain. Thus, advective flux components are included into the net ecosystem exchange (NEE) budget. However, advection measurements are experimentally challenging and do not always help to solve the night flux problem of the EC technique. This study investigates alternative methods for the observation of horizontal advection, in particular horizontal concentration gradients, as well as different approaches to coordinate rotation and vertical advection. Continuous high-frequency measurements of the horizontal CO 2 concentration field are employed and compared to the often used discontinuous sequential sampling. Significant differences were found in the case of 30-min mean concentration values between the conventional discontinuous sampling approach and the complete observation of the time series by continuous sampling. Estimates of vertical advection rely on accurate estimates of vertical wind velocity (W). Therefore, different approaches to the planar fit coordinate rotation have been investigated. Sector-wise rotation was able to eliminate directional dependencies of mean W. Furthermore, the effect of the data set length used for rotation (window length) was investigated and was found to have significant impact on estimates of vertical advection, with larger window lengths yielding about 50% larger vertical advection. A sequential planar fit with controlled window length is proposed to give reproducible results. The different approaches to the measurement and calculation of horizontal and vertical advection presented are applied to data obtained during the exchange processes in mountainous region experiment at the FLUXNET site Waldstein-Weidenbrunnen (DE-Bay). Estimates of NEE including advection are compared to NEE from turbulent and storage flux alone without advection. NEE including vertical advection with sector-wise planar fit rotation and controlled window length and including horizontal advection from continuous gradient measurements, which were comprehensively bias corrected by a new approach, did compare well with the expected night flux error, with meteorological drivers of the fluxes and with soil chamber measurements. Unrealistically large and noisy values of horizontal advection from the conventional discontinuous sampling approach, which lead to unrealistic values of NEE, could be eliminated by the alternative approaches presented. We therefore suggest the further testing of those approaches at other sites in order to improve the accuracy of advection measurements and, subsequently, estimates of NEE. © 2011 Springer-Verlag. |
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Wind Cert Services, TÜV SÜD Industrie Service GmbH, Ludwig-Eckert-Str. 10, 93049 Regensburg, Germany |
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Export Date: 27 June 2012; Source: Scopus; doi: 10.1007/s00704-011-0552-3; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: Siebicke, L.; Department of Micrometeorology, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstr. 30, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany; email: lukas.siebicke@uni-bayreuth.de |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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406 |
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Author |
Van Langenhove, L.; Depaepe, T.; Vicca, S.; van den Berge, J.; Stahl, C.; Courtois, E.; Weedon, J.; Urbina, I.; Grau, O.; Asensio, D.; Peñuelas, J.; Boeckx, P.; Richter, A.; Van Der Straeten, D.; Janssens, I.A. |
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Regulation of nitrogen fixation from free-living organisms in soil and leaf litter of two tropical forests of the Guiana shield |
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2020 |
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Plant and Soil |
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Plant Soil |
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450 |
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1-2 |
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93-110 |
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Free-living nitrogen fixation; French Guiana; Molybdenum; Nutrients; Phosphorus; Tropical forest; acetylene; leaf litter; molybdenum; nitrogen fixation; nutrient cycling; phosphorus; rainforest; reduction; soil biota; soil carbon; soil nitrogen; soil water; topographic effect; tropical forest; French Guiana |
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Background and aims: Biological fixation of atmospheric nitrogen (N2) is the main pathway for introducing N into unmanaged ecosystems. While recent estimates suggest that free-living N fixation (FLNF) accounts for the majority of N fixed in mature tropical forests, the controls governing this process are not completely understood. The aim of this study was to quantify FLNF rates and determine its drivers in two tropical pristine forests of French Guiana. Methods: We used the acetylene reduction assay to measure FLNF rates at two sites, in two seasons and along three topographical positions, and used regression analyses to identify which edaphic explanatory variables, including carbon (C), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and molybdenum (Mo) content, pH, water and available N and P, explained most of the variation in FLNF rates. Results: Overall, FLNF rates were lower than measured in tropical systems elsewhere. In soils seasonal variability was small and FLNF rates differed among topographies at only one site. Water, P and pH explained 24% of the variation. In leaf litter, FLNF rates differed seasonally, without site or topographical differences. Water, C, N and P explained 46% of the observed variation. We found no regulatory role of Mo at our sites. Conclusions: Rates of FLNF were low in primary rainforest on poor soils on the Guiana shield. Water was the most important rate-regulating factor and FLNF increased with increasing P, but decreased with increasing N. Our results support the general assumption that N fixation in tropical lowland forests is limited by P availability. © 2019, The Author(s). |
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Department of Microbiology and Ecosystem Science, University of Vienna, Althanstr. 14, Vienna, 1090, Austria |
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0032079x (Issn) |
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