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	Author	Bréchet, L.; Courtois, E.A.; Saint-Germain, T.; Janssens, I.A.; Asensio, D.; Ramirez-Rojas, I.; Soong, J.L.; Van Langenhove, L.; Verbruggen, E.; Stahl, C.
	Title	Disentangling Drought and Nutrient Effects on Soil Carbon Dioxide and Methane Fluxes in a Tropical Forest			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2019	Publication	Frontiers in Environmental Science	Abbreviated Journal	Front. Environ. Sci.
	Volume	7	Issue	180	Pages
	Keywords	carbon dioxide; drought; fertilization; methane; nitrogen; phosphorus; soil GHG fluxes; tropical forest
	Abstract	Tropical soils are a major contributor to the balance of greenhouse gas (GHG) fluxes in the atmosphere. Models of tropical GHG fluxes predict that both the frequency of drought events and changes in atmospheric deposition of nitrogen (N) will significantly affect dynamics of soil carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) production and consumption. In this study, we examined the combined effect of a reduction in precipitation and an increase in nutrient availability on soil CO2 and CH4 fluxes in a primary French Guiana tropical forest. Drought conditions were simulated by intercepting precipitation falling through the forest canopy with tarpaulin roofs. Nutrient availability was manipulated through application of granular N and/or phosphorus (P) fertilizer to the soil. Soil water content (SWC) below the roofs decreased rapidly and stayed at continuously low values until roof removal, which as a consequence roughly doubled the duration of the dry season. After roof removal, SWC slowly increased but remained lower than in the control soils even after 2.5 months of wet-season precipitation. We showed that drought-imposed reduction in SWC decreased the CO2 emissions (i.e., CO2 efflux), but strongly increased the CH4 emissions. N, P, and N × P (i.e., NP) additions all significantly increased CO2 emission but had no effect on CH4 fluxes. In treatments where both fertilization and drought were applied, the positive effect of N, P, and NP fertilization on CO2 efflux was reduced. After roof removal, soil CO2 efflux was more resilient in the control plots than in the fertilized plots while there was only a modest effect of roof removal on soil CH4 fluxes. Our results suggest that a combined increase in drought and nutrient availability in soil can locally increase the emissions of both CO2 and CH4 from tropical soils, for a long term.
	Address	Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Climate and Ecosystem Science Division, Berkeley, CA, United States
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	Publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.	Place of Publication		Editor
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	ISSN	2296665x (Issn)	ISBN		Medium
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	Notes	Export Date: 16 December 2019; Correspondence Address: Bréchet, L.; Centre of Excellence PLECO (Plant and Ecosystems), Department of Biology, University of AntwerpBelgium; email: laeti.brechet@gmail.com			Approved	no
	Call Number	EcoFoG @ webmaster @			Serial	899
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	Author	Seymour, R.S.; White, C.R.; Gibernau, M.
	Title	Endothermy of dynastine scarab beetles (Cyclocephala colasi) associated with pollination biology of a thermogenic arum lily (Philodendron solimoesense)			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2009	Publication	Journal of Experimental Biology	Abbreviated Journal	J. Exp. Biol.
	Volume	212	Issue	18	Pages	2960-2968
	Keywords	beetle; endothermy; pollination biology; Cyclocephala; Philodendron
	Abstract	Cyclocephala colasi beetles are facultative endotherms that spend most of their adult lives inside the inflorescences of Philodendron solimoesense, where ambient temperature (T-a) averages about 28 degrees C due to floral thermogenesis. Measurements of respiration within a range of T-a showed that active beetles became spontaneously endothermic at T-a below 28 degrees C but were rarely endothermic above it. There was no evidence of endothermy within the inflorescences, indicating that activities in the floral chamber can occur without the high energy expense of endothermy. Bouts of endothermy occurred at lower T-a in respirometer chambers mainly in the evening, when the insects normally fly from one inflorescence to another, and during the night, when they normally eat and mate within the inflorescence. Patterns of endothermy in individual episodes were studied in non-flying beetles with respirometry and infrared thermal imaging. Heat was generated in the thorax by oscillatory waves of respiration that were coupled with thoracic temperature (T-th) increases. Stationary beetles could regulate T-th at about 33 degrees C independently of T-a between 16 and 29 degrees C. At T-a=20 degrees C, this represents a 116-fold increase in metabolic rate over resting, ectothermic values. Endothermy was clearly a requirement for flight, and beetles departing inflorescences warmed to about 30 degrees C before take-off. During flight, T-th was dependent on T-a, decreasing from 37 to 28 degrees C at T-a of 37 to 20 degrees C, respectively. The lowest T-a at which flight could occur was about 20 degrees C. Thermal conductance of stationary, endothermic beetles increased at higher metabolic rates, probably because of increased ventilatory heat loss.
	Address	[Seymour, Roger S.] Univ Adelaide, Sch Earth & Environm Sci, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia, Email: roger.seymour@adelaide.edu.au
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	COMPANY OF BIOLOGISTS LTD	Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
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	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0022-0949	ISBN		Medium
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	Notes	ISI:000269383500014			Approved	no
	Call Number	EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @			Serial	198
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	Author	Rutishauser, E.; Herault, B.; Baraloto, C.; Blanc, L.; Descroix, L.; Sotta, E.D.; Ferreira, J.; Kanashiro, M.; Mazzei, L.; D'Oliveira, M.V.N.; De Oliveira, L.C.; Peña-Claros, M.; Putz, F.E.; Ruschel, A.R.; Rodney, K.; Roopsind, A.; Shenkin, A.; Da Silva, K.E.; De Souza, C.R.; Toledo, M.; Vidal, E.; West, T.A.P.; Wortel, V.; Sist, P.
	Title	Rapid tree carbon stock recovery in managed Amazonian forests			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2015	Publication	Current Biology	Abbreviated Journal	Current Biology
	Volume	25	Issue	18	Pages	R787-R788
	Keywords
	Abstract	Summary While around 20% of the Amazonian forest has been cleared for pastures and agriculture, one fourth of the remaining forest is dedicated to wood production [1]. Most of these production forests have been or will be selectively harvested for commercial timber, but recent studies show that even soon after logging, harvested stands retain much of their tree-biomass carbon and biodiversity [2,3]. Comparing species richness of various animal taxa among logged and unlogged forests across the tropics, Burivalova et al.[4] found that despite some variability among taxa, biodiversity loss was generally explained by logging intensity (the number of trees extracted). Here, we use a network of 79 permanent sample plots (376 ha total) located at 10 sites across the Amazon Basin [5] to assess the main drivers of time-to-recovery of post-logging tree carbon (Table S1). Recovery time is of direct relevance to policies governing management practices (i.e., allowable volumes cut and cutting cycle lengths), and indirectly to forest-based climate change mitigation interventions. © 2015 Elsevier Ltd.
	Address	Biodiversity Department, CELOS, Paramaribo, Paramaribo, Suriname
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	Notes	Export Date: 2 October 2015			Approved	no
	Call Number	EcoFoG @ webmaster @			Serial	626
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	Author	Barantal, S.; Schimann, H.; Fromin, N.; Hättenschwiler, S.
	Title	C, N and P fertilization in an Amazonian rainforest supports stoichiometric dissimilarity as a driver of litter diversity effects on decomposition			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2014	Publication	Proceedings. Biological sciences / The Royal Society	Abbreviated Journal	Proceedings. Biological sciences / The Royal Society
	Volume	281	Issue	1796	Pages	20141682
	Keywords	litter diversity; neotropical forest; nutrient addition; soil fauna; stoichiometry; trait dissimilarity
	Abstract	Plant leaf litter generally decomposes faster as a group of different species than when individual species decompose alone, but underlying mechanisms of these diversity effects remain poorly understood. Because resource C : N : P stoichiometry (i.e. the ratios of these key elements) exhibits strong control on consumers, we supposed that stoichiometric dissimilarity of litter mixtures (i.e. the divergence in C : N : P ratios among species) improves resource complementarity to decomposers leading to faster mixture decomposition. We tested this hypothesis with: (i) a wide range of leaf litter mixtures of neotropical tree species varying in C : N : P dissimilarity, and (ii) a nutrient addition experiment (C, N and P) to create stoichiometric similarity. Litter mixtures decomposed in the field using two different types of litterbags allowing or preventing access to soil fauna. Litter mixture mass loss was higher than expected from species decomposing singly, especially in presence of soil fauna. With fauna, synergistic litter mixture effects increased with increasing stoichiometric dissimilarity of litter mixtures and this positive relationship disappeared with fertilizer addition. Our results indicate that litter stoichiometric dissimilarity drives mixture effects via the nutritional requirements of soil fauna. Incorporating ecological stoichiometry in biodiversity research allows refinement of the underlying mechanisms of how changing biodiversity affects ecosystem functioning. © 2014 The Author(s) Published by the Royal Society. All rights reserved.
	Address	Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE UMR 5175, CNRS-Université de Montpellier-Université Paul-Valéry Montpellier-EPHE), 1919 Route de MENDE, 34293 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
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	Notes	Export Date: 24 July 2015			Approved	no
	Call Number	EcoFoG @ webmaster @			Serial	613
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	Author	Zalamea, P.C.; Munoz, F.; Stevenson, P.R.; Paine, C.E.T.; Sarmiento, C.; Sabatier, D.; Heuret, P.
	Title	Continental-scale patterns of Cecropia reproductive phenology: evidence from herbarium specimens			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2011	Publication	Proceedings Of The Royal Society B-Biological Sciences	Abbreviated Journal	Proc. R. Soc. B-Biol. Sci.
	Volume	278	Issue	1717	Pages	2437-2445
	Keywords	climate seasonality; reproductive patterns; Fourier spectral and cospectral analyses; herbarium collections; Neotropics; pioneer plants
	Abstract	Plant phenology is concerned with the timing of recurring biological events. Though phenology has traditionally been studied using intensive surveys of a local flora, results from such surveys are difficult to generalize to broader spatial scales. In this study, contrastingly, we assembled a continental-scale dataset of herbarium specimens for the emblematic genus of Neotropical pioneer trees, Cecropia, and applied Fourier spectral and cospectral analyses to investigate the reproductive phenology of 35 species. We detected significant annual, sub-annual and continuous patterns, and discuss the variation in patterns within and among climatic regions. Although previous studies have suggested that pioneer species generally produce flowers continually throughout the year, we found that at least one third of Cecropia species are characterized by clear annual flowering behaviour. We further investigated the relationships between phenology and climate seasonality, showing strong associations between phenology and seasonal variations in precipitation and temperature. We also verified our results against field survey data gathered from the literature. Our findings indicate that herbarium material is a reliable resource for use in the investigation of large-scale patterns in plant phenology, offering a promising complement to local intensive field studies.
	Address	[Zalamea, PC; Sabatier, D] IRD, UMR AMAP, F-34000 Montpellier, France, Email: camilozalamea@gmail.com
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Royal Soc	Place of Publication		Editor
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	ISSN	0962-8452	ISBN		Medium
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	Notes	WOS:000292592000005			Approved	no
	Call Number	EcoFoG @ webmaster @			Serial	328
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	Author	Aimene, Y.; Dorville, R.; Omrane, A.
	Title	Optimal control for trees trunk diameter estimation in rain forest ecology			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2013	Publication	Applied Mathematical Sciences	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	7	Issue	17-20	Pages	807-816
	Keywords	Missing data; Optimal control; Tree trunk diameter
	Abstract	We study the optimal control question for an important mechanical problem related to tree trunk diameter variation in tropical forest ecology where some data are missing. Within a cost function, the control problem is formulated with a mechanical model that requires boundary conditions tosolve all equations. We give a characterization of the optimal measurement function for the tree trunk problem.
	Address	Laboratoire CEREGMIA EA 2440, Université Antilles-Guyane, I.E.S.G Campus de Trou-Biran, Route de Baduel, 97337 Cayenne, French Guiana
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	Notes	Export Date: 21 February 2013; Source: Scopus			Approved	no
	Call Number	EcoFoG @ webmaster @			Serial	469
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	Author	Cottet, K.; Fromentin, Y.; Kritsanida, M.; Grougnet, R.; Odonne, G.; Duplais, C.; Michel, S.; Lallemand, M.-C.
	Title	Isolation of Guttiferones from Renewable Parts of Symphonia globulifera by Centrifugal Partition Chromatography			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2015	Publication	Planta Medica	Abbreviated Journal	Planta Medica
	Volume	81	Issue	17	Pages	1604-1608
	Keywords	centrifugal partition chromatography; Clusiaceae; countercurrent chromatography guttiferones; PPAPs; Symphonia globulifera
	Abstract	The aim of this study was to investigate the species Symphonia globulifera, a source of polycyclic polyprenylated acyl phloroglucinols such as guttiferone A, which is known to exhibit a variety of biological activities including noticeable antileishmanial properties. Our goal was the identification and the quantification of guttiferone A in different renewable parts of S. globulifera and its preparative isolation. To the best of our knowledge, there is no data concerning its mechanism of action. Consequently, it is particularly interesting to isolate it in gram quantities in order to establish structure activity relationship studies. After performing high-performance liquid chromatography profiles detecting the presence of guttiferone A and proceeding to its quantification, a centrifugal partition chromatography methodology using a two-phase solvent system of cyclohexane/ethyl acetate/methanol/water (20 : 1 : 20 : 1, v/v/v/v) was applied to each extract. In conclusion, a centrifugal partition chromatography system has been developed to ensure a fast, reliable, and scalable way to isolate, with a high level of purity, guttiferone A from five renewable parts of S. globulifera. Moreover, this methodology can be extended to the isolation of other polycyclic polyprenylated acyl phloroglucinols such as guttiferones B, C, and D. © Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart.
	Address	Laboratoire des Substances Naturelles Amazoniennes, Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, UMR EcoFoG (Ecologie des forêts de Guyane), Cayenne, France
	Corporate Author				Thesis
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	Notes	Export Date: 7 January 2016			Approved	no
	Call Number	EcoFoG @ webmaster @			Serial	646
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	Author	Lenoir, A.; Boulay, R.; Dejean, A.; Touchard, A.; Cuvillier-Hot, V.
	Title	Phthalate pollution in an Amazonian rainforest			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2016	Publication	Environmental Science and Pollution Research	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	23	Issue	16	Pages	16865-16872
	Keywords
	Abstract	Phthalates are ubiquitous contaminants and endocrine-disrupting chemicals that can become trapped in the cuticles of insects, including ants which were recognized as good bioindicators for such pollution. Because phthalates have been noted in developed countries and because they also have been found in the Arctic, a region isolated from direct anthropogenic influence, we hypothesized that they are widespread. So, we looked for their presence on the cuticle of ants gathered from isolated areas of the Amazonian rainforest and along an anthropogenic gradient of pollution (rainforest vs. road sides vs. cities in French Guiana). Phthalate pollution (mainly di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP)) was higher on ants gathered in cities and along road sides than on those collected in the pristine rainforest, indicating that it follows a human-mediated gradient of disturbance related to the use of plastics and many other products that contain phthalates in urban zones. Their presence varied with the ant species; the cuticle of Solenopsis saevissima traps higher amount of phthalates than that of compared species. However, the presence of phthalates in isolated areas of pristine rainforests suggests that they are associated both with atmospheric particles and in gaseous form and are transported over long distances by wind, resulting in a worldwide diffusion. These findings suggest that there is no such thing as a “pristine” zone.
	Address
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	ISSN	1614-7499	ISBN		Medium
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	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	EcoFoG @ webmaster @ Lenoir2016			Serial	700
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	Author	Hartke, J.; Sprenger, P.P.; Sahm, J.; Winterberg, H.; Orivel, J.; Baur, H.; Beuerle, T.; Schmitt, T.; Feldmeyer, B.; Menzel, F.
	Title	Cuticular hydrocarbons as potential mediators of cryptic species divergence in a mutualistic ant association			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2019	Publication	Ecology and Evolution	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	9	Issue	16	Pages	9160-9176
	Keywords	environmental association; integrative taxonomy; niche differentiation; population structure; sexual selection; speciation
	Abstract	Upon advances in sequencing techniques, more and more morphologically identical organisms are identified as cryptic species. Often, mutualistic interactions are proposed as drivers of diversification. Species of the neotropical parabiotic ant association between Crematogaster levior and Camponotus femoratus are known for highly diverse cuticular hydrocarbon (CHC) profiles, which in insects serve as desiccation barrier but also as communication cues. In the present study, we investigated the association of the ants’ CHC profiles with genotypes and morphological traits, and discovered cryptic species pairs in both genera. To assess putative niche differentiation between the cryptic species, we conducted an environmental association study that included various climate variables, canopy cover, and mutualistic plant species. Although mostly sympatric, the two Camponotus species seem to prefer different climate niches. However in the two Crematogaster species, we could not detect any differences in niche preference. The strong differentiation in the CHC profiles may thus suggest a possible role during speciation itself either by inducing assortative mating or by reinforcing sexual selection after the speciation event. We did not detect any further niche differences in the environmental parameters tested. Thus, it remains open how the cryptic species avoid competitive exclusion, with scope for further investigations. © 2019 The Authors. Ecology and Evolution published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
	Address	Department of Evolutionary Animal Ecology, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	John Wiley and Sons Ltd	Place of Publication		Editor
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	ISSN	20457758 (Issn)	ISBN		Medium
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	Notes	Export Date: 2 September 2019; Correspondence Address: Hartke, J.; Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research CentreGermany; email: Juliane.Hartke@senckenberg.de; Funding details: Leibniz-Gemeinschaft; Funding details: Agence Nationale de la Recherche, Not Available; Funding details: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, DFG, ME 3842/5‐1; Funding text 1: We thank Philippe Cerdan and Aurelie Dourdain for research permissions in the Hydreco Lab Petit Saut and the Paracou Research Station, respectively. Similarly, we thank Patrick Châtelet, Philippe Gaucher, and Dorothée Deslignes for permission to sample in the Les Nouragues Reserve. Further on, we thank Heike Stypa for supporting us in preparing the chemical samples. We thank Aidin Niamir for his helpful advice regarding climate data analysis. Financial support for this study was provided by the German Science Foundation (DFG) as a grant to Barbara Feldmeyer (FE 1333/7‐1), Thomas Schmitt (SCHM 2645/7‐1), and Florian Menzel (ME 3842/5‐1) and a grant managed by the French Agence Nationale de la Recherche (CEBA, ref. ANR‐10‐LABX‐25‐01) to Jérôme Orivel. The publication of this article was funded by the Open Access Fund of the Leibniz Association. 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	Call Number	EcoFoG @ webmaster @			Serial	881
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	Author	Agrawal, Anurag A. ; Boroczky, Katalin ; Haribal, Meena ; Hastings, Amy P. ; White, Ronald, A. ; Jiang, Ren-Wang ; Duplais, Christophe
	Title	Cardenolides, toxicity, and the costs of sequestration in the coevolutionary interaction between monarchs and milkweeds			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2021	Publication	PNAS	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	118	Issue	16	Pages	e2024463118
	Keywords
	Abstract	For highly specialized insect herbivores, plant chemical defenses are often co-opted as cues for oviposition and sequestration. In such interactions, can plants evolve novel defenses, pushing herbivores to trade off benefits of specialization with costs of coping with toxins? We tested how variation in milkweed toxins (cardenolides) impacted monarch butterfly ( Danaus plexippus ) growth, sequestration, and oviposition when consuming tropical milkweed ( Asclepias curassavica ), one of two critical host plants worldwide. The most abundant leaf toxin, highly apolar and thiazolidine ring–containing voruscharin, accounted for 40% of leaf cardenolides, negatively predicted caterpillar growth, and was not sequestered. Using whole plants and purified voruscharin, we show that monarch caterpillars convert voruscharin to calotropin and calactin in vivo, imposing a burden on growth. As shown by in vitro experiments, this conversion is facilitated by temperature and alkaline pH. We next employed toxin-target site experiments with isolated cardenolides and the monarch’s neural Na + /K + -ATPase, revealing that voruscharin is highly inhibitory compared with several standards and sequestered cardenolides. The monarch’s typical >50-fold enhanced resistance to cardenolides compared with sensitive animals was absent for voruscharin, suggesting highly specific plant defense. Finally, oviposition was greatest on intermediate cardenolide plants, supporting the notion of a trade-off between benefits and costs of sequestration for this highly specialized herbivore. There is apparently ample opportunity for continued coevolution between monarchs and milkweeds, although the diffuse nature of the interaction, due to migration and interaction with multiple milkweeds, may limit the ability of monarchs to counteradapt.
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	Publisher	National Academy of Sciences	Place of Publication		Editor
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	Call Number	EcoFoG @ webmaster @			Serial	1014
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