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Tritsch, I.; Gond, V.; Oszwald, J.; Davy, D.; Grenand, P. |
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Title |
Territorial dynamics in the wayãpi and teko amerindian communities of the middle oyapock, camopi, French Guiana |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2012 |
Publication |
Bois et Forets des Tropiques |
Abbreviated Journal |
Bois Forets Tropiques |
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Volume |
66 |
Issue  |
311 |
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49-61 |
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Amerindian populations; French Guiana; Protected area; Slash-and-burn cultivation; System of natural resource use; Territorial management |
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Amerindian populations have been experiencing major socio-economic changes for several decades, in a context of rapid demographic growth. This article addresses the ways in which the Amerindian populations of French Guiana have adapted their land use and natural resource management systems to cope with the pressures exerted on their lands and lifestyles. The aim was to investigate the resilience of their systems for land and natural resource use. The concentration of Amerindian habitats around the town of Camopi, which is linked to the availability of health and school infrastructure and to efforts to promote a sedentary lifestyle, is a factor of increasing natural resource scarcity and social alienation. The system is adapting by fragmenting the Amerindian habitat into peripheral villages and extending farmlands along rivers to access to more space. These villages replicate patterns of spatial organisation that are similar to those found in traditional Wayãpi and Teko villages, except that habitation is sedentary, as families hope to have their villages equipped with at lEast drinking water and electrification. Habitat fragmentation is spatially limited by the time taken for daily journeys to school, and therefore by school bus services (dugout), which means that land use is effectively conditioned by services and infrasrtucture. Other living quarters are maintained at a distance from the village, so that the habitat is bi-local: families have a main home where services and infrastructure are available, and a secondary itinerant home further away, which is chosen according to the quality of farmland, the hunting yield of hunting resources, the history of the location and family networks. These distant homes are kept up by spending income from social assistance on transport. It's thus shown that these Amerindian systems for land and natural resource uses are highly adaptable, in that their sustainability is guaranteed by the reconstruction of a circular pattern of mobility in accordance with the intensity of resource use. |
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Ird Observatoire Hommes-Milieux Oyapock, Cnrs Guyane, 2, avenue Gustave Charlery, 97300 Cayenne, France |
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Export Date: 17 April 2013; Source: Scopus; Language of Original Document: French; Correspondence Address: Tritsch, I.; Université des Antilles et de la Guyane/Cirad, Umr Écologie des forêts de Guyane, Campus agronomique de Kourou, 97310 Kourou, France |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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482 |
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Tahiri, A.; Amissa Adima, A.; Adjé, F.A.; Amusant, N. |
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Title |
Pesticide effects and screening of extracts of Azadirachta Indica (A.) Juss. on the Macrotermes bellicosus rambur termite |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2011 |
Publication |
Bois et Forets des Tropiques |
Abbreviated Journal |
Effet pesticide et screening des extraits de Azadirachta indica (A.) Juss. sur le termite Macroterme |
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65 |
Issue |
310 |
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79-88 |
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Azadirachta indica; Pesticide properties; Phytochemical screening; Termite |
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To recommend applications in the field of a naturally insecticide plant substance as an alternative to chemical control against termite attacks, several important prerequisites need to be satisfied to ensure its effectiveness. The toxicity, lethal dose, mode of action, persistence of insecticide effect and chemical composition of total aqueous, alcohol and hexane extracts of the leaves and seeds of the neem tree, Azadirachta indica, were tested with the Macrotermes bellicosus termite. The extracts were found to be highly toxic to termites on contact, killing the entire population tested. The insecticide effect of the extracts persisted from 2.4 to 4.2 days. The aqueous and hexane extracts were the most toxic (LD50 0.422±0.018 to 4,466±0,162 mg/l). Contact and inhalation were both essential to their effectiveness. The aqueous extract of seeds, which is the most active, is also capable of being transferred through the colony during social tasks. However, it seems to have an anti-appetent effect on termites and does not act by ingestion. It contains phenol compounds (tannins and flavonoids) and saponins. The hexane extract of seeds is oily and contains 11 fatty acids as well as terpenoids, flavonoids and saponins. |
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Cirad Laboratoire de Chimie du Bois, 34398 Montpellier Cedex 5, France |
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Export Date: 20 November 2012; Source: Scopus |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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447 |
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Guitet, S.; Blanc, L.; Trombe, P.J.; Lehallier, B. |
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Title |
Silvicultural Treatments in the Tropical Forests of Guiana: A Review of Ten Years of Trials |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2009 |
Publication |
Bois et Forets des Tropiques |
Abbreviated Journal |
Bois For. Trop. |
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Volume |
63 |
Issue |
301 |
Pages |
7-19 |
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cutting cycle; thinning; stand dynamics; logging; French Guiana |
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This article reviews an experimental system set up in French Guiana to test different selective thinning methods that started ten to fifteen years after logging in order to reconstitute commercially viable stands within the shortest time. The thinning methods tested involve a combination of selective intervention within a radius of 10 metres around crop trees and systematic intervention applied uniformly to the entire forest parcel. The resulting thinning intensity produces an 8% to 45% reduction in basal area. While the growth of the residual stand is strongly boosted in all species and for all diameters, there is little change in basal area because of high mortality and lower recruitment of commercial species. Standing commercial capital, however, is strongly affected by the thinning operations as defined. In effect, these thinning methods that benefit crop stems do not meet the objective of shorter rotations in Guiana's tropical logging forests. On the other hand, the measurements made in under-treatment stands agree with those obtained at the Paracou experimental station and confirm the need to adopt long cutting cycles of more than fifty years to ensure that the extraction of valuable species is sustainable in the current logging context in French Guiana. |
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[Guitet, Stephane; Trombe, Pierre-Julien; Lehallier, Benoit] Direct Reg Guyane, Off Natl Forets, F-97307 Cayenne, France |
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CIRAD-CENTRE COOPERATION INT RECHERCHE AGRONOMIQUE POUR |
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0006-579X |
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ISI:000272488700002 |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
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91 |
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Quilichini, A.; Macquart, D.; Barabe, D.; Albre, J.; Gibernau, M. |
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Title |
Reproduction of the West Mediterranean endemic Arum pictum (Araceae) on Corsica |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Plant Systematics and Evolution |
Abbreviated Journal |
Plant Syst. Evol. |
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Volume |
287 |
Issue |
3-4 |
Pages |
179-187 |
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Floral volatiles; Ocimene; Insect pollination; Reproductive success; Sphaeroceridae; Thermogenesis |
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Pollination in the genus Arum appears to be in general a complex deceptive pollination process. The genus Arum is composed of 28 species, all belonging to the subgenus Arum, except A. pictum, the only species of the subgenus Gymnomesium, which is basal and sister to all other Arum species. The aim of this paper is to document the pollination ecology of the insular Arum pictum, the only Arum species to flower in autumn, on the island of Corsica (France). The anthesis cycle of A. pictum occurs during the day, attracting sphaerocerid flies and staphylinid beetles early in the morning and late in the afternoon of the first day. The pollen is released from the anthers early in the morning of the second day before the departure of the insects. Its thermogenic cycle matches the anthesis cycle with an original and unique, bimodal temperature pattern of the appendix (morning and afternoon), contrary to the unimodal pattern found in all other studied Arum species. Data from reproductive success and seed sets suggest that sexual reproduction in this species is limited by pollen (e.g. attracting lured insects) rather than by resources. The biology of this Western Mediterranean species appears to be different from other Western European Arum and close to some Eastern Mediterranean species. Further studies are needed to establish whether Arum pictum represents some ancestral stage or whether its peculiar biological traits are adapted to its insular distribution. |
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[Quilichini, Angelique; Gibernau, Marc] CNRS, UMR 8172, Ecole Forets Guyane, F-97387 Kourou, France, Email: marc.gibernau@ecofog.gf |
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SPRINGER WIEN |
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0378-2697 |
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ISI:000279479800008 |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
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51 |
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Djenontin Tindo, S.; Amusant, N.; Dangou, J.; Wotto, D.V.; Avlessi, F.; Dahouénon-Ahoussi, E.; Lozano, P.; Pioch, D.; Sohounhloué, K.C.D. |
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Screening of Repellent, Termiticidal and Preventive activities on Wood, of Azadirachta indica and Carapa procera (Meliaceae) seeds oils |
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Journal Article |
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2012 |
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International Research Journal of Biological Sciences |
Abbreviated Journal |
ISCA J. Biological Sci. |
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1 |
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3 |
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25-29 |
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International Science Congress Association |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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462 |
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Bremaud, I.; Cabrolier, P.; Gril, J.; Clair, B.; Gerard, J.; Minato, K.; Thibaut, B. |
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Title |
Identification of anisotropic vibrational properties of Padauk wood with interlocked grain |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Wood Science and Technology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Wood Sci. Technol. |
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44 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
355-367 |
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Grain deviations and high extractives content are common features of many tropical woods. This study aimed at clarifying their respective impact on vibrational properties, referring to African Padauk (Pterocarpus soyauxii Taub.), a species selected for its interlocked grain, high extractives content and uses in xylophones. Specimens were cut parallel to the trunk axis (L), and local variations in grain angle (GA), microfibril angle (MFA), specific Young's modulus (E' (L) /rho, where rho stands for the density) and damping coefficient (tan delta(L)) were measured. GA dependence was analysed by a mechanical model which allowed to identify the specific Young's modulus (E'(3)/rho) and shear modulus (G'/rho) along the grain (3) as well as their corresponding damping coefficients (tan delta(3), tan delta(G)). This analysis was done for native and then for extracted wood. Interlocked grain resulted in 0-25A degrees GA and in variations of a factor 2 in E'(L)/rho and tan delta(L). Along the grain, Padauk wood was characterized, when compared to typical hardwoods, by a somewhat lower E'(3)/rho and elastic anisotropy (E'/G'), due to a wide microfibril angle plus a small weight effect of extracts, and a very low tan delta(3) and moderate damping anisotropy (tan delta(G)/tan delta(3)). Extraction affected mechanical parameters in the order: tan delta(3) a parts per thousand tan delta(G) > G'/rho > > E'(3)/rho. That is, extractives' effects were nearly isotropic on damping but clearly anisotropic on storage moduli. |
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[Bremaud, Iris; Minato, Kazuya] Kyoto Prefectural Univ, Grad Sch Life & Environm Sci, Lab Forest Resource Circulating Circles, Kyoto 6068522, Japan, Email: iris_bremaud@hotmail.com |
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SPRINGER |
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0043-7719 |
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ISI:000280090400001 |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
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48 |
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Phillips, O.L.; van der Heijden, G.; Lewis, S.L.; Lopez-Gonzalez, G.; Aragao, L.E.O.C.; Lloyd, J.; Malhi, Y.; Monteagudo, A.; Almeida, S.; Davila, E.A.; Amaral, I.; Andelman, S.; Andrade, A.; Arroyo, L.; Aymard, G.; Baker, T.R.; Blanc, L.; Bonal, D.; de Oliveira, A.C.A.; Chao, K.J.; Cardozo, N.D.; da Costa, L.; Feldpausch, T.R.; Fisher, J.B.; Fyllas, N.M.; Freitas, M.A.; Galbraith, D.; Gloor, E.; Higuchi, N.; Honorio, E.; Jimenez, E.; Keeling, H.; Killeen, T.J.; Lovett, J.C.; Meir, P.; Mendoza, C.; Morel, A.; Vargas, P.N.; Patino, S.; Peh, K.S.H.; Cruz, A.P.; Prieto, A.; Quesada, C.A.; Ramirez, F.; Ramirez, H.; Rudas, A.; Salamao, R.; Schwarz, M.; Silva, J.; Silveira, M.; Slik, J.W.F.; Sonke, B.; Thomas, A.S.; Stropp, J.; Taplin, J.R.D.; Vasquez, R.; Vilanova, E. |
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Title |
Drought-mortality relationships for tropical forests |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
New Phytologist |
Abbreviated Journal |
New Phytol. |
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Volume |
187 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
631-646 |
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Amazon; Borneo; drought; lags mortality; RAINFOR; trees; tropics |
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Abstract |
The rich ecology of tropical forests is intimately tied to their moisture status. Multi-site syntheses can provide a macro-scale view of these linkages and their susceptibility to changing climates. Here, we report pan-tropical and regional-scale analyses of tree vulnerability to drought. We assembled available data on tropical forest tree stem mortality before, during, and after recent drought events, from 119 monitoring plots in 10 countries concentrated in Amazonia and Borneo. In most sites, larger trees are disproportionately at risk. At least within Amazonia, low wood density trees are also at greater risk of drought-associated mortality, independent of size. For comparable drought intensities, trees in Borneo are more vulnerable than trees in the Amazon. There is some evidence for lagged impacts of drought, with mortality rates remaining elevated 2 yr after the meteorological event is over. These findings indicate that repeated droughts would shift the functional composition of tropical forests toward smaller, denser-wooded trees. At very high drought intensities, the linear relationship between tree mortality and moisture stress apparently breaks down, suggesting the existence of moisture stress thresholds beyond which some tropical forests would suffer catastrophic tree mortality. |
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[Phillips, Oliver L.; van der Heijden, Geertje; Lewis, Simon L.; Lopez-Gonzalez, Gabriela; Lloyd, Jon; Baker, Tim R.; Chao, Kuo-Jung; Feldpausch, Ted R.; Fyllas, Nikolaos M.; Gloor, Emanuel; Honorio, Euridice; Keeling, Helen; Quesada, Carlos A.; Schwarz, Michael] Univ Leeds, Sch Geog, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England, Email: o.phillips@leeds.ac.uk |
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WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC |
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0028-646X |
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ISI:000280122500028 |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
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50 |
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Baraloto, C.; Marcon, E.; Morneau, F.; Pavoine, S.; Roggy, J.C. |
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Title |
Integrating functional diversity into tropical forest plantation designs to study ecosystem processes |
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Journal Article |
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2010 |
Publication |
Annals of Forest Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ann. For. Sci. |
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67 |
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3 |
Pages |
303 |
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complementarity; ecosystem function; functional groups; leaf economics spectrum; nitrogen fixation; quadratic entropy |
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The elucidation of relationships between biodiversity and ecosystem processes has been limited by the definition of metrics of biodiversity and their integration into experimental design. Functional trait screening can strengthen the performance of these designs. We suggest the use of Rao's quadratic entropy to measure both functional diversity and phylogenetic diversity of species mixtures proposed for an experimental design, and demonstrate how they can provide complementary information. We also present an index assessing the statistical performance of these independent variables in different experimental designs. Measurement of independent variables as continuous vs. discrete variables reduces statistical performance, but improves the model by quantifying species differences masked by group assignments. To illustrate these advances, we present an example from a tropical forest tree community in which we screened 38 species for nine functional traits. The proposed TropiDEP design is based on the relative orthogonality of two multivariate trait axes defined using principal component analysis. We propose that independent variables describing functional diversity might be grouped to calculate independent variables describing suites of different traits with potentially different effects on particular ecosystem processes. In other systems these axes may differ from those reported here, yet the methods of analysis integrating functional and phylogenetic diversity into experimental design could be universal. |
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[Baraloto, Christopher; Roggy, Jean-Christophe] INRA, UMR Ecol Forets Guyane, Kourou, French Guiana, Email: chris.baraloto@ecofog.gf |
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EDP SCIENCES S A |
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1286-4560 |
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ISI:000276507800004 |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
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62 |
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Groc, S.; Orivel, J.; Dejean, A.; Martin, J.M.; Etienne, M.P.; Corbara, B.; Delabie, J.H.C. |
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Title |
Baseline study of the leaf-litter ant fauna in a French Guianese forest |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2009 |
Publication |
Insect Conservation and Diversity |
Abbreviated Journal |
Insect. Conserv. Divers. |
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2 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
183-193 |
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Ants of the Leaf Litter Protocol; baseline study; leaf-litter ants; Nouragues; Winkler method |
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1. Leaf-litter ants represent a major component of biodiversity and are excellent bioindicators reflecting the health of terrestrial ecosystems. This study, conducted in an unspoiled forest near the Nouragues Research Station, represents the first inventory of leaf-litter ant diversity conducted in French Guiana, and so can be considered as the baseline dataset for ants in this country. 2. Ants were extracted from the leaf-litter using the Ants of the Leaf Litter Protocol, along an altitudinal gradient at four forest sites, including an inselberg. 3. A total of 196 ant species representing 46 genera distributed over eight subfamilies were collected. Four distinct communities spread over a gradient of diversity were thus identified: the liana forest was the most species-rich (140 species) followed by the forested plateau (102 species), the transition forest (87 species) and the forest at the top of the inselberg (71 species). 4. The discovery of species new to science plus several species recorded for the first time in French Guiana, coupled with the particular context of this area, suggests that the Nouragues Research Station might represent a centre of endemism. Once completed, this leaf-litter ant dataset will contribute greatly to the knowledge of ant biodiversity in French Guiana, and has the potential to progressively become an indispensable tool for country-wide conservation planning programmes. |
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[Groc, Sarah; Dejean, Alain; Martin, Jean-Michel] CNRS, Ecol Forets Guyane UMR 8172, Kourou, France, Email: sarah.groc@ecofog.gf |
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WILEY-LISS |
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1752-458X |
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ISI:000268269400004 |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
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108 |
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Herault, B.; Thoen, D. |
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How habitat area, local and regional factors shape plant assemblages in isolated closed depressions |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2009 |
Publication |
Acta Oecologica-International Journal of Ecology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Acta Oecol.-Int. J. Ecol. |
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Volume |
35 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
385-392 |
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Keywords |
Closed depressions; Colonization; Connectivity; Fragmented habitats; Emergent Groups; Open and forested landscape; Life-history traits |
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Abstract |
Classifying species by shared life-history traits is important if common ecological response groups are to be identified among different species. We investigated how habitat area, local and regional factors shape plant communities in small isolated closed depressions, and how the species richness is related to the interplay between environmental factors and specific life-history trait combinations. In Central-Western Europe, 169 closed depressions were completely Surveyed for plant presence in two highly contrasted landscapes (forested and open landscapes). All species were clustered into 9 Emergent Groups based oil 10 life-history traits related to plant dispersal, establishment and persistence. Habitat areas were related to species presence using logistic regressions. Most Emergent Groups were more area-dependent in open than in forested landscapes, owing to heterogeneous light levels in forest weakening the species-area relationship. In open landscapes, Floating Hydrophytes were severely underrepresented in very small depressions, owing to the absence of waterfowl poulation. Local environmental and regional factors were related to species richness using Generalized Linear Models. In open landscapes, local environmental factors such as water conductivity or soil productivity are respectively the main predictors. In forested landscapes, the abundance of most Emergent Groups Was better predicted by regional factors, i.e., habitat connectivity and distance to the forest edge. Forested landscapes strongly impeded the closed depressions' colonization by the less mobile Emergent Groups Such as Large-seeded Perennials. (C) 2009 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. |
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[Herault, Bruno] Univ Antilles Guyane, UMR EcoFoG, F-97387 Kourou, France, Email: bruno.herault@ecofog.gf |
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GAUTHIER-VILLARS/EDITIONS ELSEVIER |
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1146-609X |
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ISI:000266174400006 |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
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112 |
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