| Records |
| Author |
Bodin, S.C.; Scheel-Ybert, R.; Beauchene, J.; Molino, J.-F.; Bremond, L. |
| Title |
CharKey: An electronic identification key for wood charcoals of French Guiana |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2019 |
Publication |
IAWA Journal |
Abbreviated Journal |
Iawa J. |
| Volume |
40 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
75-91 |
| Keywords |
anthracology; Charcoal anatomy; computeraided identification; Note: Supplementary material can be accessed in the online edition of this journal via brill.com/iawa.; tropical flora; Xper 2 |
| Abstract |
Tropical tree floras are highly diverse and many genera and species share similar anatomical patterns, making the identification of tropical wood charcoal very difficult. Appropriate tools to characterize charcoal anatomy are thus needed to facilitate and improve identification in such species-rich areas. This paper presents the first computer-aided identification key designed for charcoals from French Guiana, based on the wood anatomy of 507 species belonging to 274 genera and 71 families, which covers respectively 28%, 67% and 86% of the tree species, genera and families currently listed in this part of Amazonia. Species of the same genus are recorded together except those described under a synonym genus in Détienne et al. (1982) that were kept separately. As a result, the key contains 289 'items' and mostly aims to identify charcoals at the genus level. It records 26 anatomical features leading to 112 feature states, almost all of which are illustrated by SEM photographs of charcoal. The descriptions were mostly taken from Détienne et al.'s guidebook on tropical woods of French Guiana (1982) and follow the IAWA list of microscopic features for hardwood identification (Wheeler et al. 1989). Some adjustments were made to a few features and those that are unrelated to charcoal identification were excluded. The whole tool, named CharKey, contains the key itself and the associated database including photographs. It can be downloaded on Figshare at https://figshare.com/s/d7d40060b53d2ad60389 (doi: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6396005). CharKey is accessible using the free software Xper 2 , specifically conceived for taxonomic description and computer aided-identification. |
| Address |
Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, PSL Research University, Paris, France |
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| Publisher |
Brill Academic Publishers |
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09281541 (Issn) |
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no |
| Call Number |
EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
Serial |
864 |
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| Author |
Schimann, H.; Joffre, R.; Roggy, J.C.; Lensi, R.; Domenach, A.M. |
| Title |
Evaluation of the recovery of microbial functions during soil restoration using near-infrared spectroscopy |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2007 |
Publication |
Applied Soil Ecology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Appl. Soil Ecol. |
| Volume |
37 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
223-232 |
| Keywords |
NIRS; microbial activities; respiration; denitrification; carbon; nitrogen; soil functioning; restoration |
| Abstract |
Microbial-based indicators, such as C and N contents or microbial functions involved in C and N cycles, are currently used to describe the status of soils in disturbed areas. Microbial functions are more accurate indicators but their measurement for studies at the ecosystem level remains problematical because of the huge spatial variability of these processes and, consequently, of the large number of soil samples which must be analyzed. Our goal was to test the capacity of near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) to predict respiration and denitrification but also carbon and nitrogen contents of soils submitted to various procedures of restoration. To achieve this objective, we took advantage of an experiment conducted on a reforestation system established after open-cast gold mining in French Guiana. In this experimental station, plantations of various ages and various soil textures were at our disposal. Our results showed that both plantations and soil texture had a strong impact on the recovery of soil functioning: carbon and nitrogen contents, respiration and denitrification increased with age of plantation and clay content. Calibrations were performed between spectral data and microbial-based indicators using partial least squares regression (PLS). The results showed that C and N contents were accurately predicted. Microbial functions were less precisely predicted with results more accurate on clayey soils than on sandy soils. In clayey soils, perturbed or restored soils and the year of plantation were discriminated very efficiently through principal component analyses of spectral signatures (over 80% of variance explained on the first two axes). Near-infrared spectroscopy may thus be extended to the prediction of functional soil parameters, but the capacity of this method must be strengthened by expending the databases with other soils in other contexts. The possibility of using NIRS provides many opportunities for understanding both the temporal dynamics and the spatial variability of the recovery of key microbial functions during soil restoration. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. |
| Address |
UMR EcoFoG, Kourou 97387, French Guiana, Email: heidy.schimann@cirad.fr |
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| Publisher |
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV |
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| ISSN |
0929-1393 |
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| Notes |
ISI:000250668000006 |
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no |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
Serial |
154 |
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| Author |
Maggia, Marie-Eugénie ; Decaëns, Thibaud ; Lapied, Emmanuel ; Dupont, Lise ; Roy, Virginie ; Schimann, Heidy ; Orivel, Jérome ; Murienne, Jérôme ; Baraloto, Christophier ; Cottenie, Karl ; Steinke, Dirk |
| Title |
At each site its diversity: DNA barcoding reveals remarkable earthworm diversity in neotropical rainforests of French Guiana |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Applied Soil Ecology |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
164 |
Issue |
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Pages |
103932 |
| Keywords |
DNA barcoding Tropical rainforest Community ecology Diversity level Sampling methods |
| Abstract |
Despite their recognized essential role in soil, earthworms in tropical environments are still understudied. The aim of this study was to re-evaluate the diversity at the regional scale, as well as to investigate the environmental and spatial drivers of earthworm communities. We sampled earthworm communities across a range of habitats at six localities in French Guiana using three different sampling methods. We generated 1675 DNA barcodes and combined them with data from a previous study. Together, all sequences clustered into 119 MOTUs which were used as proxy to assess species richness. Only two MOTUs were common between the six localities and 20.2% were singletons, showing very high regional species richness and a high number of rare species. A canonical redundancy analysis was used to identify key drivers of the earthworm community composition. The RDA results and beta-diversity calculations both show strong species turnover and a strong spatial effect, resulting from dispersal limitations that are responsible for the current community composition. Sampling in different microhabitats allowed the discovery of 23 MOTUs that are exclusively found in decaying trunks and epiphytes, highlighting hidden diversity of earthworms outside of soil. |
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| Publisher |
Elsevier B.V. |
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0929-1393 |
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no |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
Serial |
1055 |
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| Author |
Christensen-Dalsgaard, K.K.; Ennos, A.R.; Fournier, M. |
| Title |
Are radial changes in vascular anatomy mechanically induced or an ageing process? Evidence from observations on buttressed tree root systems |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2008 |
Publication |
Trees-Structure and Function |
Abbreviated Journal |
Trees-Struct. Funct. |
| Volume |
22 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
543-550 |
| Keywords |
wood; anatomy; mechanical loading; tree development; vessels |
| Abstract |
To investigate the effect of changes in mechanical loading conditions on radial anatomical patterns, we here compare the trunk with the roots in two locations of three species of buttressed trees. The proximal part of the buttress roots is highly mechanically loaded throughout juvenile growth whereas the distal part of the buttresses is though to be mechanically unimportant at formation but become progressively more mechanically loaded during growth. We measured the frequency and diameter of the vessels and the vessel area fraction, and from this calculated the specific conductivity of tissue samples of the core-, intermediate- and outer wood. As in previous studies there was an increase in vessel size, vessel area fraction and specific conductivity from the pith to the bark in the trunk. In the proximal part of the buttress roots, however, there was no increase in vessel size and conductivity from core wood and out in agreement with the high mechanical loading found here throughout growth. There was instead a decrease in vessel size, vessel area fraction and specific conductivity from core- to outer wood in the distal part of the buttress roots in accordance with the increase in mechanical loading. Hence, it appears that the radial anatomical patterns are not a passive function of cambial ageing but may be modified in response to local mechanical loading. |
| Address |
[Christensen-Dalsgaard, Karen K.] Univ Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E3, Canada, Email: kkchrist@ualberta.ca |
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SPRINGER |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
0931-1890 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
ISI:000257385200014 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
Serial |
136 |
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| Author |
Ruelle, J.; Yoshida, M.; Clair, B.; Thibaut, B. |
| Title |
Peculiar tension wood structure in Laetia procera (Poepp.) Eichl. (Flacourtiaceae) |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2007 |
Publication |
Trees-Structure and Function |
Abbreviated Journal |
Trees-Struct. Funct. |
| Volume |
21 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
345-355 |
| Keywords |
tension wood; tropical rainforest species; UV microspectrophotometry; scanning electron microscopy; cellulose microfibril angle |
| Abstract |
Tension wood of Laetia procera (Poepp.) Eichl. (Flacourtiaceae), a neo-tropical forest species, shows a peculiar secondary wall structure, with an alternance of thick and thin layers, while opposite wood of this species has a typical secondary wall structure (S1 + S2 + S3). Samples for the study of microstructural properties were collected upon the estimation of growth stresses in the living tree, in order to analyze the correlation of the former with the latter. Investigation using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and UV microspectrophotometry allowed the description of the anatomy, ultra-structure and chemistry of this peculiar polylaminate secondary wall. In the thick layers, cellulose microfibril angle is very low (i.e., microfibril orientation is close to fibre axis) and cellulose microfibrils are well organized and parallel to each other. In the thin layers, microfibrils (only observable in the inner layer) are less organized and are oriented with a large angle relative to the axis of the cell. Thick layers are lightly lignified although thin layers show a higher content of lignin, close to that of opposite wood secondary wall. The more the wood was under tensile stress, the less the secondary wall was lignified, and lower the syringyl on guaiacyl lignin units' ratio was. The innermost layer of the secondary wall looks like a typical S3 layer with large microfibril angle and lignin occurrence. The interest of this kind of structure for the understanding of stress generation is discussed. |
| Address |
UMR EcoFoG, Kourou 97387, French Guiana, Email: ruelle_j@kourou.cirad.fr |
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SPRINGER |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
0931-1890 |
ISBN |
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| Notes |
ISI:000246206200009 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
Serial |
163 |
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| Author |
Leroy, C.; Gueroult, M.; Wahyuni, N.S.; Escoute, J.; Cereghino, R.; Sabatier, S.; Auclair, D. |
| Title |
Morphogenetic trends in the morphological, optical and biochemical features of phyllodes in Acacia mangium Willd (Mimosaceae) |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2009 |
Publication |
Trees-Structure and Function |
Abbreviated Journal |
Trees-Struct. Funct. |
| Volume |
23 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
37-49 |
| Keywords |
Chlorophyll; Phyllode morphology; Phyllode anatomy; Nitrogen; Optical properties; Plant architecture |
| Abstract |
Endogenous variations in the annual growth of trees suggest that similar trends would occur in phyllodes. In comparison to leaves, the characteristics of phyllodes are less well known, hence this study examines the effects of architectural position and age of tree on the phyllodes of Acacia mangium. Phyllodes were investigated on 1-, 2-, and 3-year-old trees from three axis positions within the crown. We focused on the morphological, optical and biochemical traits of the phyllodes. The increase in phyllode area and lamina thickness is more pronounced in the older trees. Leaf mass area (LMA), stomatal density, nitrogen and chlorophyll content increase with tree age. The values of these characteristics decrease from the main stem to the lower branches for the older trees. Phyllode light absorptance increased with tree age whereas reflectance was higher for the upper position compared to the lower position within the crown. Carotenoid content and chlorophyll a/b ratio were higher for the younger phyllodes of younger trees. Increasing tree size induced modifications in the phyllode characteristics which are influenced by both morphogenetic and light gradients within the crown. This study demonstrated pronounced changes in terms of morphological and functional indicators of photosynthetic capacity in relation to phyllode position within the crown and to tree age. These morphogenetic effects on the phyllode characteristics should be taken into account in studies on phenotypic plasticity. |
| Address |
[Sabatier, Sylvie] CIRAD, UMR AMAP BotAnique & BioinforMat Architecture, F-34398 Montpellier 5, France, Email: sylvie-annabel.sabatier@cirad.fr |
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0931-1890 |
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| Notes |
ISI:000262538700005 |
Approved |
no |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
Serial |
206 |
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| Author |
Almeras, T.; Yoshida, M.; Okuyama, T. |
| Title |
Strains inside xylem and inner bark of a stem submitted to a change in hydrostatic pressure |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2006 |
Publication |
Trees-Structure and Function |
Abbreviated Journal |
Trees-Struct. Funct. |
| Volume |
20 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
460-467 |
| Keywords |
diurnal strains; hydrostatic pressure; xylem; inner bark; mechanical properties |
| Abstract |
Tangential strains were measured with strain gauges at the surface of xylem and inner bark of saplings of Cryptomeria japonica D. Don. and Fagus silvatica L. during a pressurization test. The test consists in submitting the whole sapling to an artificially imposed hydrostatic pressure of increasing magnitude. The elastic response of the stems was found linear both at the surface of xylem and inner bark. A simple geometric model allows to compute radial strains in each tissue from tangential strain data. Inside inner bark, radial strains are much larger than tangential strains, because tangential strains are restrained by the core of wood. The material compliance of each tissue was computed as the ratio between the radial strain and the pressure that caused it. The material compliance of xylem is much lower than that of inner bark, but, as its thickness is much larger, its contribution to the apparent behavior of the stem is not negligible. Computation of material compliances by this pressurization test provides information about the specific behavior of each tissue in response to hydrostatic pressure. This can be used to estimate and interpret the calibration factor linking the water status of the plant to the apparent strain measured at its surface. |
| Address |
Nagoya Univ, Grad Sch Bioagr Sci, Lab Biomat Phys, Chikusa Ku, Nagoya, Aichi 4648601, Japan, Email: t_almeras@hotmail.com |
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0931-1890 |
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| Notes |
ISI:000237858100007 |
Approved |
no |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
Serial |
225 |
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| Author |
Almeras, T.; Thibaut, A.; Gril, J. |
| Title |
Effect of circumferential heterogeneity of wood maturation strain, modulus of elasticity and radial growth on the regulation of stem orientation in trees |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2005 |
Publication |
Trees-Structure and Function |
Abbreviated Journal |
Trees-Struct. Funct. |
| Volume |
19 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
457-467 |
| Keywords |
biomechanics; reaction wood; maturation strain; Young's modulus; eccentricity |
| Abstract |
Active mechanisms of re-orientation are necessary to maintain the verticality of tree stems. They are achieved through the production of reaction wood, associated with circumferential variations of three factors related to cambial activity: maturation strain, longitudinal modulus of elasticity (MOE) and eccentric growth. These factors were measured on 17 mature trees from different botanical families and geographical locations. Various patterns of circumferential variation of these factors were identified. A biomechanical analysis based on beam theory was performed to quantify the individual impact of each factor. The main factor of re-orientation is the circumferential variation of maturation strains. However, this factor alone explains only 57% of the re-orientations. Other factors also have an effect through their interaction with maturation strains. Eccentric growth is generally associated with heterogeneity of maturation strains, and has an important complementary role, by increasing the width of wood with high maturation strain. Without this factor, the efficiency of re-orientations would be reduced by 31% for angiosperms and 26% for gymnosperms. In the case of angiosperms, MOE is often larger in tension wood than in normal wood. Without these variations, the efficiency of re-orientations would be reduced by 13%. In the case of gymnosperm trees, MOE of compression wood is lower than that of normal wood, so that re-orientation efficiency would be increased by 24% without this factor of variations. |
| Address |
Nagoya Univ, Lab Biomat Phys, Dept Bioagr Sci, Nagoya, Aichi 4648601, Japan, Email: t_almeras@hotmail.com |
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0931-1890 |
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| Notes |
ISI:000229890700012 |
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no |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
Serial |
253 |
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Menzel, F.; Orivel, J.; Kaltenpoth, M.; Schmitt, T. |
| Title |
What makes you a potential partner? Insights from convergently evolved ant-ant symbioses |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2014 |
Publication |
Chemoecology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Chemoecology |
| Volume |
24 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
105-119 |
| Keywords |
Aggression; Coevolution; Cuticular hydrocarbons; Formicidae; Interspecific association; Parabiosis; Recognition cues |
| Abstract |
Mutualistic, commensalistic or parasitic interactions are unevenly distributed across the animals and plants: in certain taxa, such interspecific associations evolved more often than in others. Within the ants, associations between species of the genera Camponotus and Crematogaster evolved repeatedly and include trail-sharing associations, where two species share foraging trails, and parabioses, where two species share a nest without aggression. Camponotus and Crematogaster may possess life-history traits that favour the evolution of associations. To identify which traits are affected by the association, we investigated a neotropical parabiosis of Ca. femoratus and Cr. levior and compared it to a paleotropical parabiosis and a trail-sharing association. The two neotropical species showed altered cuticular hydrocarbon profiles compared to non-parabiotic species accompanied by low levels of interspecific aggression. Both species occurred in two chemically distinct types. Camponotus followed artificial trails of Crematogaster pheromones, but not vice versa. The above traits were also found in the paleotropical parabiosis, and the trail-following results match those of the trail-sharing association. In contrast to paleotropical parabioses, however, Camponotus was dominant, had a high foraging activity and often fought against Crematogaster over food resources. We suggest three potential preadaptations for parabiosis. First, Crematogaster uses molecules as trail pheromones, which can be perceived by Camponotus, too. Second, nests of Camponotus are an important benefit to Crematogaster and may create a selection pressure for the latter to tolerate Camponotus. Third, there are parallel, but unusual, shifts in cuticular hydrocarbon profiles between neotropics and paleotropics, and between Camponotus and Crematogaster. © 2014 Springer Basel. |
| Address |
Department of Animal Ecology and Tropical Biology Biocentre, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany |
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Birkhauser Verlag AG |
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09377409 (Issn) |
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Export Date: 10 June 2014; Coden: Chmoe; Correspondence Address: Menzel, F.; Department of Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Zoology, University of Mainz, Johannes-von-Müller-Weg 6, 55099 Mainz, Germany; email: menzelf@uni-mainz.de |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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547 |
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Cohen, M.C.L.; Behling, H.; Lara, R.J.; Smith, C.B.; Matos, H.R.S.; Vedel, V. |
| Title |
Impact of sea-level and climatic changes on the Amazon coastal wetlands during the late Holocene |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2009 |
Publication |
Vegetation History and Archaeobotany |
Abbreviated Journal |
Veg. Hist. Archaeobot. |
| Volume |
18 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
425-439 |
| Keywords |
Mangrove; Marajo Island; Pollen analysis; Sea-level |
| Abstract |
Wetland dynamics in northern Brazil during the Holocene were studied by pollen analysis and AMS radiocarbon dating of three cores. Near the Amazon mouth region, covered mainly by primary Amazon coastal forest and herbaceous vegetation, the pollen record indicates the dominance of mangroves between 4800 and 1100 cal yr B.P. A contraction of the mangrove area and an expansion of herbaceous and fern vegetation occurred between 1100 and 750 cal yr B.P. The period between 750 and 200 cal yr B.P. is characterized by an expansion of mangrove and a decrease in herbaceous and fern vegetation. This trend continued until the present. On Atalaia Island, the sediment core indicates a period with poor pollen preservation between 830 and 630 cal yr B.P. Between 630 and 330 cal yr B.P., mangroves expanded. Later, up to 45 cal yr B.P., the mangrove area decreased and the herbaceous vegetation expanded. During the last hundred years, the relative sea-level rise most probably favored the mangrove expansion as far as the topographically highest sector on this island, while the herbaceous vegetation decreased. The pollen data from Agua Preta Lake indicate dry conditions, as reflected by the poor pollen preservation between 390 and 240 cal yr B.P. Between 240 and 60 cal yr B.P., restinga and Amazon coastal forest with palms dominated this region. For the last 120 years, the record indicates an expansion of the mangrove area. However, recent confinement of mangrove development to the topographically highest area, and the loss of mangrove areas on the lowest surfaces have led to a net loss of mangrove coverage during the last decades. |
| Address |
[Lisboa Cohen, Marcelo Cancela; Smith, Clarisse Beltrao; Soares Matos, Hellen Rosy] Fed Univ Para, Postgrad Program Geol & Geochem, Lab Coastal Dynam, BR-66077530 Belem, PA, Brazil, Email: mcohen@ufpa.br |
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0939-6314 |
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| Notes |
ISI:000271191800001 |
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no |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
Serial |
193 |
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