| Records |
| Author |
Bremaud, I.; Cabrolier, P.; Gril, J.; Clair, B.; Gerard, J.; Minato, K.; Thibaut, B. |
| Title |
Identification of anisotropic vibrational properties of Padauk wood with interlocked grain |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Wood Science and Technology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Wood Sci. Technol. |
| Volume |
44 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
355-367 |
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| Abstract |
Grain deviations and high extractives content are common features of many tropical woods. This study aimed at clarifying their respective impact on vibrational properties, referring to African Padauk (Pterocarpus soyauxii Taub.), a species selected for its interlocked grain, high extractives content and uses in xylophones. Specimens were cut parallel to the trunk axis (L), and local variations in grain angle (GA), microfibril angle (MFA), specific Young's modulus (E' (L) /rho, where rho stands for the density) and damping coefficient (tan delta(L)) were measured. GA dependence was analysed by a mechanical model which allowed to identify the specific Young's modulus (E'(3)/rho) and shear modulus (G'/rho) along the grain (3) as well as their corresponding damping coefficients (tan delta(3), tan delta(G)). This analysis was done for native and then for extracted wood. Interlocked grain resulted in 0-25A degrees GA and in variations of a factor 2 in E'(L)/rho and tan delta(L). Along the grain, Padauk wood was characterized, when compared to typical hardwoods, by a somewhat lower E'(3)/rho and elastic anisotropy (E'/G'), due to a wide microfibril angle plus a small weight effect of extracts, and a very low tan delta(3) and moderate damping anisotropy (tan delta(G)/tan delta(3)). Extraction affected mechanical parameters in the order: tan delta(3) a parts per thousand tan delta(G) > G'/rho > > E'(3)/rho. That is, extractives' effects were nearly isotropic on damping but clearly anisotropic on storage moduli. |
| Address |
[Bremaud, Iris; Minato, Kazuya] Kyoto Prefectural Univ, Grad Sch Life & Environm Sci, Lab Forest Resource Circulating Circles, Kyoto 6068522, Japan, Email: iris_bremaud@hotmail.com |
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0043-7719 |
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| Notes |
ISI:000280090400001 |
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no |
| Call Number |
EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
Serial |
48 |
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| Author |
Fang, C.H.; Clair, B.; Gril, J.; Almeras, T. |
| Title |
Transverse shrinkage in G-fibers as a function of cell wall layering and growth strain |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2007 |
Publication |
Wood Science and Technology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Wood Sci. Technol. |
| Volume |
41 |
Issue |
8 |
Pages |
659-671 |
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| Abstract |
Transverse drying shrinkage was measured at microscopic and mesoscopic levels in poplar wood characterised by an increasing growth strain (GS), from normal to tension wood. Results show that: (a) the drying shrinkage, measured as a relative thickness decrease, was significantly higher for G-layer (GL) than for the other layers (OL), GL shrinkage was not significantly correlated with GS, and OL shrinkage was negatively correlated with GS. (b) In gelatinous fibre (G-fibre), lumen size increased during drying and this increase was positively related with GS, but in normal wood fibre, lumen size decreased during drying. These findings suggest that GL shrank outwards (i.e., its internal perimeter increases), so that its shrinkage weakly affected the total cell shrinkage and the mesoscopic shrinkage was controlled by the OL shrinkage which shrank inwards (i.e., its external perimeter decreases). (c) Measurements done on 7 x 7 mm(2) thin sections evidenced a negative correlation between transverse shrinkage and GS, significant in T direction but weak in R direction. These observations at both levels allow to discuss the contribution of GL to the mesoscopic shrinkage of tension wood. |
| Address |
Univ Montpellier 2, Lab Mech & Gene Civil, F-34095 Montpellier, France, Email: fang1979@gmail.com |
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0043-7719 |
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| Notes |
ISI:000250381500003 |
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no |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
Serial |
155 |
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| Author |
Ruelle, J.; Beauchene, J.; Yamamoto, H.; Thibaut, B. |
| Title |
Variations in physical and mechanical properties between tension and opposite wood from three tropical rainforest species |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2011 |
Publication |
Wood Science and Technology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Wood Sci. Technol. |
| Volume |
45 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
339-357 |
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| Abstract |
Growth strains were measured in situ in nine trees of three species from a French Guiana tropical rainforest in a clearly active verticality restoration process. The aim was to detect tension wood within the samples. Wood specimens were cut in the vicinity of the growth strain measurements in order to determine the microfibril angle and some mechanical and physical properties. As suspected, tensile growth strain was much higher in tension wood zones, as shown by the slightly higher longitudinal modulus of elasticity. Conversely, tension wood showed reduced compression strength. Longitudinal shrinkage was much higher in tension wood than in opposite wood. Clear relationships between the microfibril angle and longitudinal properties were noted in comparison (i) with those observed in gymnosperm compression wood and (ii) with expected relationships from the organization of wood fibres cell wall structure. |
| Address |
[Ruelle, Julien; Yamamoto, Hiroyuki] Nagoya Univ, Grad Sch Bioagr Sci, Nagoya, Aichi 4648601, Japan, Email: julien.ruelle@ecofog.gf |
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Springer |
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0043-7719 |
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| Notes |
ISI:000289477300013 |
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no |
| Call Number |
EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
Serial |
305 |
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| Author |
Bremaud, I.; Amusant, N.; Minato, K.; Gril, J.; Thibaut, B. |
| Title |
Effect of extractives on vibrational properties of African Padauk (Pterocarpus soyauxii Taub.) |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2011 |
Publication |
Wood Science and Technology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Wood Sci. Technol. |
| Volume |
45 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
461-472 |
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| Abstract |
Extractives can affect the vibrational properties tan delta (damping coefficient) and E'/rho (specific Young's modulus), but this is highly dependent on species, compounds, and cellular locations. This paper investigates such effects for African Padauk (Pterocarpus soyauxii Taub.), a tropical hardwood with high extractives content and a preferred material for xylophones. Five groups of 26 heartwood specimens with large, yet comparable, ranges in vibrational properties were extracted in different solvents. Changes in vibrational properties were set against yields of extracts and evaluation of their cellular location. Methanol (ME) reached most of the compounds (13%), located about half in lumen and half in cell-wall. Water solubility was extremely low. tan delta and E'/rho were very strongly related (R (2) a parts per thousand yen 0.93), but native wood had abnormally low values of tan delta, while extraction shifted this relation towards higher tan delta values. ME extracted heartwood became in agreement with the average of many species, and close to sapwood. Extractions increased tan delta as much as 60%, irrespective of minute moisture changes or initial properties. Apparent E'/rho was barely changed (+2% to -4%) but, after correcting the mass contribution of extracts, it was in fact slightly reduced (down to -10% for high E'/rho), and increasingly so for specimens with low initial values of E'/rho. |
| Address |
[Bremaud, I; Minato, K] Kyoto Prefectural Univ, Lab Forest Resource Circulating Circles, Grad Sch Life & Environm Sci, Kyoto 6068522, Japan, Email: iris_bremaud@hotmail.com |
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Springer |
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0043-7719 |
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| Notes |
WOS:000292550700005 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
Serial |
329 |
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| Author |
Bremaud, I.; Gril, J.; Thibaut, B. |
| Title |
Anisotropy of wood vibrational properties: dependence on grain angle and review of literature data |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2011 |
Publication |
Wood Science and Technology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Wood Sci. Technol. |
| Volume |
45 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
735-754 |
| Keywords |
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| Abstract |
The anisotropy of vibrational properties influences the acoustic behaviour of wooden pieces and their dependence on grain angle (GA). As most pieces of wood include some GA, either for technological reasons or due to grain deviations inside trunks, predicting its repercussions would be useful. This paper aims at evaluating the variability in the anisotropy of wood vibrational properties and analysing resulting trends as a function of orientation. GA dependence is described by a model based on transformation formulas applied to complex compliances, and literature data on anisotropic vibrational properties are reviewed. Ranges of variability, as well as representative sets of viscoelastic anisotropic parameters, are defined for mean hardwoods and softwoods and for contrasted wood types. GA-dependence calculations are in close agreement with published experimental results and allow comparing the sensitivity of different woods to GA. Calculated trends in damping coefficient (tan delta) and in specific modulus of elasticity (E'/rho) allow reconstructing the general tan delta-E'/rho statistical relationships previously reported. Trends for woods with different mechanical parameters merge into a single curve if anisotropic ratios (both elastic and of damping) are correlated between them, and with axial properties, as is indicated by the collected data. On the other hand, varying damping coefficient independently results in parallel curves, which coincide with observations on chemically modified woods, either “artificially”, or by natural extractives. |
| Address |
[Bremaud, I; Gril, J] Univ Montpellier 2, Lab Mecan & Genie Civil, CNRS, CC048, F-34095 Montpellier 5, France, Email: iris_bremaud@hotmail.com |
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Springer |
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English |
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0043-7719 |
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| Notes |
WOS:000296006000009 |
Approved |
no |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
Serial |
369 |
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| Author |
Aili, S.R.; Touchard, A.; Escoubas, P.; Padula, M.P.; Orivel, J.; Dejean, A.; Nicholson, G.M. |
| Title |
Diversity of peptide toxins from stinging ant venoms |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2014 |
Publication |
Toxicon |
Abbreviated Journal |
Toxicon |
| Volume |
92 |
Issue |
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Pages |
166-178 |
| Keywords |
Ant venom; Chemotaxonomy; Disulfide linkage; Peptides; Venom biochemistry |
| Abstract |
Ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) represent a taxonomically diverse group of arthropods comprising nearly 13,000 extant species. Sixteen ant subfamilies have individuals that possess a stinger and use their venom for purposes such as a defence against predators, competitors and microbial pathogens, for predation, as well as for social communication. They exhibit a range of activities including antimicrobial, haemolytic, cytolytic, paralytic, insecticidal and pain-producing pharmacologies. While ant venoms are known to be rich in alkaloids and hydrocarbons, ant venoms rich in peptides are becoming more common, yet remain understudied. Recent advances in mass spectrometry techniques have begun to reveal the true complexity of ant venom peptide composition. In the few venoms explored thus far, most peptide toxins appear to occur as small polycationic linear toxins, with antibacterial properties and insecticidal activity. Unlike other venomous animals, a number of ant venoms also contain a range of homodimeric and heterodimeric peptides with one or two interchain disulfide bonds possessing pore-forming, allergenic and paralytic actions. However, ant venoms seem to have only a small number of monomeric disulfide-linked peptides. The present review details the structure and pharmacology of known ant venom peptide toxins and their potential as a source of novel bioinsecticides and therapeutic agents. |
| Address |
Laboratoire Écologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, Université de Toulouse, 118 Route de NarbonneToulouse, France |
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Elsevier Ltd |
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00410101 (Issn) |
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Export Date: 2 December 2014; Coden: Toxia; Correspondence Address: Nicholson, G.M.; Neurotoxin Research Group, School of Medical and Molecular Biosciences, University of Technology SydneyAustralia |
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no |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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568 |
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Scotti-Saintagne, C.; Bodenes, C.; Barreneche, T.; Bertocchi, E.; Plomion, C.; Kremer, A. |
| Title |
Detection of quantitative trait loci controlling bud burst and height growth in Quercus robur L |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2004 |
Publication |
Theoretical and Applied Genetics |
Abbreviated Journal |
Theor. Appl. Genet. |
| Volume |
109 |
Issue |
8 |
Pages |
1648-1659 |
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| Abstract |
Genetic variation of bud burst and early growth components was estimated in a full-sib family of Quercus robur L. comprising 278 offspring. The full sibs were vegetatively propagated, and phenotypic assessments were made in three field tests. This two-generation pedigree was also used to construct a genetic linkage map (12 linkage groups, 128 markers) and locate quantitative trait loci (QTLs) controlling bud burst and growth components. In each field test, the date of bud burst extended over a period of 20 days from the earliest to the latest clone. Bud burst exhibited higher heritability (0.15-0.51) than growth components (0.04-0.23) and also higher correlations across field tests. Over the three tests there were 32 independent detected QTLs (Pless than or equal to5% at the chromosome level) controlling bud burst, which likely represent at least 12 unique genes or chromosomal regions controlling this trait. QTLs explained from 3% to 11% of the variance of the clonal means. The number of QTLs controlling height growth components was lower and varied between two and four. However the contribution of each QTL to the variance of the clonal mean was higher (from 4% to 19%). These results indicate that the genetic architecture of two important fitness-related traits are quite different. On the one hand, bud burst is controlled by several QTLs with rather low to moderate effects, but contributing to a high genetic (additive) variance. On the other hand, height growth depends on fewer QTLs with moderate to strong effects, resulting in lower heritabilities of the trait. |
| Address |
INRA, UMR Biodivers Genes & Ecosyst, F-33612 Cestas, France, Email: antoine.kremer@pierroton.inra.fr |
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0040-5752 |
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ISI:000225054800012 |
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no |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
Serial |
260 |
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| Author |
Rahali, H.; Stien, D. |
| Title |
Highly-loaded amphiphilic polyimino resin: quench reagent and solid support for peptide synthesis |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2006 |
Publication |
Tetrahedron Letters |
Abbreviated Journal |
Tetrahedron Lett. |
| Volume |
47 |
Issue |
47 |
Pages |
8205-8207 |
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| Abstract |
We demonstrate herein that polyimino resin 4a prepared by condensation of alpha,alpha'-dichloro-p-xylene, ethylenediamine and tris-(2-aminoethyl)-amine can be successfully exploited as a quench reagent for acids and electrophiles both in aqueous and organic solutions. Scope and limitations of such a resin as a solid support for peptide synthesis were also investigated. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. |
| Address |
CNRS, UMR Ecofog, Inst Enseignement Super Guyane, F-97337 Cayenne, France, Email: didier.stien@guyane.cnrs.fr |
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PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD |
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0040-4039 |
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ISI:000241910200002 |
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no |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
Serial |
172 |
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Van Langenhove, L.; Janssens, I.A.; Verryckt, L.; Brechet, L.; Hartley, I.P.; Stahl, C.; Courtois, E.; Urbina, I.; Grau, O.; Sardans, J.; Peguero, G.; Gargallo-Garriga, A.; Peñuelas, J.; Vicca, S. |
| Title |
Rapid root assimilation of added phosphorus in a lowland tropical rainforest of French Guiana |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Soil Biology and Biochemistry |
Abbreviated Journal |
Soil Biol. Biochem. |
| Volume |
140 |
Issue |
107646 |
Pages |
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| Keywords |
Fertilization; Nitrogen; Phosphorus; Plant root simulator probes; Root system; Tropical forest; Nitrogen; Nitrogen fertilizers; Phosphorus; Plants (botany); Soils; Tropics; Fertilization; Mycorrhizal fungus; N and P fertilizer; P availabilities; Plant root simulators; Root system; Tropical forest; Tropical rain forest; Forestry; Fungi |
| Abstract |
Tree growth on weathered soils in lowland tropical forests is limited by low phosphorous (P) availability. However, nutrient manupulation experiments do not always increase the P content in these trees, which raises the question whether trees are taking up added P. In French Guianese lowland rainforest, we measured changes in nitrogen (N) and P availability before and up to two months after N and P fertilizer addition, in soils with intact root systems and in soils where roots and mycorrhizal fungi were excluded by root exclusion cylinders. When the root system was excluded, P addition increased P availability to a much greater extent and for a longer time than in soils with an intact root system. Soil N dynamics were unaffected by root presence/absence. These results indicate rapid P uptake, but not N uptake, by tree roots, suggesting a very effective P acquisition process in these lowland rainforests. |
| Address |
Global Change Research Institute, Czech Academy of Sciences, Czech Republic |
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Elsevier Ltd |
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00380717 (Issn) |
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Export Date: 19 November 2019; Coden: Sbioa; Correspondence Address: Van Langenhove, L.; Centre of Excellence PLECO (Plants and Ecosystems), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium; email: leandro.vanlangenhove@uantwerpen.be |
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no |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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897 |
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Bourguignon, T.; Sobotnik, J.; Lepoint, G.; Martin, J.M.; Roisin, Y. |
| Title |
Niche differentiation among neotropical soldierless soil-feeding termites revealed by stable isotope ratios |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2009 |
Publication |
Soil Biology & Biochemistry |
Abbreviated Journal |
Soil Biol. Biochem. |
| Volume |
41 |
Issue |
10 |
Pages |
2038-2043 |
| Keywords |
Anoplotermes; Termitidae; Isoptera; Resource partitioning; Food web; Decomposition gradient |
| Abstract |
Termites represent one of the most abundant belowground animal taxa in tropical rainforests, where their species richness is much higher than in any other ecosystem. This high diversity in soil ecosystems is however difficult to explain by classical Hutchinsonian niche theory, as there is little evidence for spatial or temporal separation between species. Using delta C-13 and delta N-15 isotopic ratios, we tested if resource partitioning along the humification gradient occurs; in neotropical soldierless termites of the Anoplotermes-group. Two distinct sites were investigated to check if interspecific differences are transposable between sites. Significant differences in delta N-15 were found between species of the Anoplotermes-group. Although some species displayed higher intersite delta N-15 variation than others, species-average delta N-15 values for both sites were highly correlated, showing that sympatric soldierless soil-feeding termites feed on distinct components of the soil. Our data also suggest that some species are more likely to shift along this gradient than others, in response to overall habitat conditions or to the presence of competitors. Feeding niche differentiation can therefore account for the high species richness and diversity of soldierless soil-feeding termites in neotropical rainforests. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. |
| Address |
[Bourguignon, Thomas; Roisin, Yves] Univ Libre Bruxelles, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, Email: yroisin@ulb.ac.be |
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PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD |
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0038-0717 |
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| Notes |
ISI:000271047800003 |
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no |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
Serial |
98 |
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