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Author Mayer, V.E.; Lauth, J.; Orivel, J.
Title Convergent structure and function of mycelial galleries in two unrelated Neotropical plant-ants Type Journal Article
Year 2017 Publication Insectes Sociaux Abbreviated Journal
Volume 64 Issue 3 Pages 365-371
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Abstract The construction process and use of galleries by Azteca brevis (Myrmicinae: Dolichoderinae) inhabiting Tetrathylacium macrophyllum (Salicaceae) were compared with Allomerus decemarticulatus (Myrmicinae: Solenopsidini) galleries on Hirtella physophora (Chrysobalanaceae). Though the two ant species are phylogenetically distant, the gallery structure seems to be surprisingly similar and structurally convergent: both are pierced with numerous holes and both ant species use Chaetothyrialean fungi to strengthen the gallery walls. Al. decemarticulatus is known to use the galleries for prey capture and whether this is also the case for Az. brevis was tested in field experiments. We placed Atta workers as potential prey/threat on the galleries and recorded the behaviour of both ant species. We found considerable behavioural differences between them: Al. decemarticulatus was quicker and more efficient at capture than was Az. brevis. While most Atta workers were captured after the first 5 min by Al. decemarticulatus, significantly fewer were captured by Az. brevis even after 20 min. Moreover, the captured Atta were sometimes simply discarded and not taken to the nest by Az. brevis. As a consequence, the major function of the galleries built by Az. brevis may, therefore, be defense against intruders in contrast to Al. decemarticulatus which uses them mainly for prey capture. This may be due to a higher need for protein in Al. decemarticulatus compared to coccid-raising Az. brevis.
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ISSN (down) 1420-9098 ISBN Medium
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Call Number EcoFoG @ webmaster @ Mayer2017 Serial 784
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Author Marti, G.; Eparvier, V.; Litaudon, M.; Grellier, P.; Gueritte, F.
Title A New Xanthone from the Bark Extract of Rheedia acuminata and Antiplasmodial Activity of Its Major Compounds Type Journal Article
Year 2010 Publication Molecules Abbreviated Journal Molecules
Volume 15 Issue 10 Pages 7106-7114
Keywords Rheedia acuminata, Clusiaceae; xanthones; antiplasmodial activity; cytotoxicity
Abstract Bioassay-guided fractionation of the ethyl acetate bark extract of Rheedia acuminata led to the isolation of the new compound 1,5,6-trihydroxy-3-methoxy-7-geranyl-xanthone (1), together with four known compounds 2-5. These compounds were tested in vitro for their antiplasmodial activity on a chloroquine-resistant strain of Plasmodium falciparum (FcB1) and for their cytotoxicity against the human diploid embryonic lung cell line MRC-5.
Address [Eparvier, Veronique] CNRS, UPS2561, F-97300 Cayenne, France, Email: guillaume.marti@icsn.cnrs-gif.fr
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Publisher MDPI AG Place of Publication Editor
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ISSN (down) 1420-3049 ISBN Medium
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Notes ISI:000283587400030 Approved no
Call Number EcoFoG @ webmaster @ Serial 282
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Author Sist, P.; Rutishauser, E.; Peña-Claros, M.; Shenkin, A.; Herault, B.; Blanc, L.; Baraloto, C.; Baya, F.; Benedet, F.; da Silva, K.E.; Descroix, L.; Ferreira, J.N.; Gourlet-Fleury, S.; Guedes, M.C.; Bin Harun, I.; Jalonen, R.; Kanashiro, M.; Krisnawati, H.; Kshatriya, M.; Lincoln, P.; Mazzei, L.; Medjibé, V.; Nasi, R.; d'Oliveira, M.V.N.; de Oliveira, L.C.; Picard, N.; Pietsch, S.; Pinard, M.; Priyadi, H.; Putz, F.E.; Rodney, K.; Rossi, V.; Roopsind, A.; Ruschel, A.R.; Shari, N.H.Z.; Rodrigues de Souza, C.; Susanty, F.H.; Sotta, E.D.; Toledo, M.; Vidal, E.; West, T.A.P.; Wortel, V.; Yamada, T.
Title The Tropical managed forests Observatory: A research network addressing the future of tropical logged forests Type Journal Article
Year 2015 Publication Applied Vegetation Science Abbreviated Journal Appl. Veg. Sci.
Volume 18 Issue 1 Pages 171-174
Keywords Biodiversity; Carbon cycle; Climate change; Ecosystem resilience; Logging; Silviculture; Tropical forests; Tropical managed forests Observatory
Abstract While attention on logging in the tropics has been increasing, studies on the long-term effects of silviculture on forest dynamics and ecology remain scare and spatially limited. Indeed, most of our knowledge on tropical forests arises from studies carried out in undisturbed tropical forests. This bias is problematic given that logged and disturbed tropical forests are now covering a larger area than the so-called primary forests. A new network of permanent sample plots in logged forests, the Tropical managed Forests Observatory (TmFO), aims to fill this gap by providing unprecedented opportunities to examine long-term data on the resilience of logged tropical forests at regional and global scales. TmFO currently includes 24 experimental sites distributed across three tropical regions, with a total of 490 permanent plots and 921 ha of forest inventories. To improve our knowledge of the resilience of tropical logged forests, 20 research institutes are now collaborating on studies on the effects of logging on forest structure, productivity, biodiversity and carbon fluxes at large spatial and temporal scales. These studies are carried out in the Tropical managed Forests Observatory (TmFO), an international network including 24 sites and 490 permanent sample plots across South America, Africa and South East Asia.
Address Duke University's Nicholas School of the EnvironmentNorth Carolina, United States
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Publisher Wiley-Blackwell Place of Publication Editor
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ISSN (down) 14022001 (Issn) ISBN Medium
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Notes Export Date: 12 December 2014; Coden: Avscf; Correspondence Address: Sist, P.; Cirad, UR 105 TA/10CFrance Approved no
Call Number EcoFoG @ webmaster @ Serial 571
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Author Herault, B.; Honnay, O.
Title Using life-history traits to achieve a functional classification of habitats Type Journal Article
Year 2007 Publication Applied Vegetation Science Abbreviated Journal Appl. Veg. Sci.
Volume 10 Issue 1 Pages 73-80
Keywords forest connectivity; functional group; habitat typology; land-use history; riverine forest; species functional unity
Abstract Question: To establish a habitat classification based on functional group co-occurrence that may help the drawing up of conservation plans. Location: Riverine forest fragments in the Grand-duche de Luxembourg, Europe. Methods: Forest fragments were surveyed for their abundance of vascular plants. These were clustered into emergent groups according to 14 life-traits related to plant dispersal, establishment and persistence. Forest fragments were classified according to similar distribution of the identified emergent groups. Environmental factors were related to the emergent group richness in each forest type using generalized linear models. Results: Contrary to former species centred classifications, only two groups of forests, each with clearly different emergent group composition and conservation requirements, were detected: (1) swamp forests characterized by anemogamous perennials, annuals and hydrochorous perennials and (2) moist forests characterized by barochorous perennials, small geophytes and zoochorous phanerophytes. From a conservation point of view, priority should be given to large swamp forest with intact flooding regimes. This is in accordance with the high wind and water dispersal capacities of their typical emergent groups. For the moist forests, conservation priorities should be high forest connectivity and historical continuity since dispersal and establishment of their characteristic emergent groups are highly limited. Conclusions: The described methodology, situated at an intermediate integration level between the individual species and whole community descriptors, takes advantage of both conservation plans built for single species and the synthetic power of broad ecological measures.
Address Univ Liege, Dept Environm Sci & Management, B-6700 Arlon, Belgium, Email: bruno.herault@cirad.fr
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Publisher OPULUS PRESS UPPSALA AB Place of Publication Editor
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Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
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ISSN (down) 1402-2001 ISBN Medium
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Notes ISI:000245934700009 Approved no
Call Number EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ Serial 218
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Author Delnatte, C.; Meyer, J.-Y.
Title Plant introduction, naturalization, and invasion in French Guiana (South America) Type Journal Article
Year 2012 Publication Biological Invasions Abbreviated Journal Biol. Invasions
Volume 14 Issue 5 Pages 915-927
Keywords Acacia mangium; French Guiana; Invasive plant; Melaleuca quinquenervia; Naturalization; Savanna
Abstract Continental tropical ecosystems are generally viewed as less vulnerable to biological invasions than island ones. Their apparent resistance to invasive alien species is often attributed to their higher native biota diversity and complexity. However, with the increase of human activities and disturbances and the accelerate rate of introductions of plant species, these apparently resilient continental ecosystems are now experiencing alien plant naturalization and invasion events. In order to illustrate this emergent phenomenon, we compiled a list of all known introduced and naturalized plant species in French Guiana (Guiana Shield, South America). A total of 490 alien plants were recorded, about 34% of which are currently naturalized, mainly species belonging to the Acanthaceae and Fabaceae (Faboideae) in the Eudicotyledons, and Poaceae (grasses) and Arecaceae (palms) in the Monocotyledons. The coastal dry and wet savannas appears to be vulnerable to plant invasion (with 165 naturalized species, about 34% of the alien flora), especially by Acacia mangium (Mimosaceae) and Melaleuca quinquenervia (Myrtaceae) which are forming localized but dense monotypic stands. Both tree species, intentionnally introduced for reforestation, rehabilitation, and as garden ornamentals and have the potential to spread with increasing human disturbances The number and abundance of naturalized alien plants in the relatively undisturbed tropical lowland rainforests and savannas remains still very low. Therefore, surveillance, early detection, and eradication of potential plant invaders are crucial; moreover collaboration with neighbouring countries of the Guiana Shield is essential to prevent the introduction of potentially invasive species which are still not present in French Guiana. © 2011 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.
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ISSN (down) 13873547 (Issn) ISBN Medium
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Notes Export Date: 2 May 2012; Source: Scopus; Coden: Blinf; doi: 10.1007/s10530-011-0129-1; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: Delnatte, C.; Herbier de Guyane, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, B.P. 165, Cayenne, French Guiana; email: cesar_delnatte@yahoo.fr Approved no
Call Number EcoFoG @ webmaster @ Serial 399
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Author Herault, B.; Bornet, A.; Tremolieres, M.
Title Redundancy and niche differentiation among the European invasive Elodea species Type Journal Article
Year 2008 Publication Biological Invasions Abbreviated Journal Biol. Invasions
Volume 10 Issue 7 Pages 1099-1107
Keywords biological traits; functional equivalence; invasivness; niche overlapping; waterweeds
Abstract Community ecologists implicitly assume redundancy when they aggregate species into functional groups. But there have been remarkably few empirical efforts to investigate the accuracy of this concept in situ. The concept of redundancy could be roughly split into two components: the ecological redundancy (similar response to environmental variations involving similar ecological processes) and the functional redundancy (similar biological trait combinations shaping similar functional processes). Both types of redundancy are tested among the 3 invasive European Elodeas. In 11 sites and during two successive years 2004-2005, the cover growth rate of each Elodea species was monthly recorded. To test ecological redundancy, cover growth rates were related to a large suite of environmental variables. To test functional redundancy, 13 biological traits involved in competitive relationships were measured each month. Firstly, the redundancy hypothesis looks problematic for Elodea ernstiae. Indeed, the later possess numerous biological traits involved in light competition and niche overlap with the other Elodeas is very low. Secondly, ecological and functional redundancy can be successfully applied to Elodea canadensis and Elodea nuttallii. They share a large suite of biological traits leading to wide niche overlaps through the growing season. And the measured environmental variables do not differentially influence their growth rates, which are, in turn, controlled by a similar group of biological traits. In this way, the different invasiveness patterns of E. canadensis and E. nuttallii could be solely due to the ecological drift and their ecological dynamic could follow neutral rules.
Address [Herault, Bruno] Univ Antilles Guyane, INRA, UMR Ecol Forets Guyane, F-97379 Kourou, France, Email: Bruno.Herault@cirad.fr
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Publisher SPRINGER Place of Publication Editor
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ISSN (down) 1387-3547 ISBN Medium
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Notes ISI:000258704400015 Approved no
Call Number EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ Serial 131
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Author Petillon, J.; Lambeets, K.; Montaigne, W.; Maelfait, J.P.; Bonte, D.
Title Habitat structure modified by an invasive grass enhances inundation withstanding in a salt-marsh wolf spider Type Journal Article
Year 2010 Publication Biological Invasions Abbreviated Journal
Volume 12 Issue 9 Pages 3219-3226
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Notes WOS:000280892600033 Approved no
Call Number EcoFoG @ webmaster @ Serial 287
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Author Lamarre, G.P.A.; Mendoza, I.; Fine, P.V.A.; Baraloto, C.
Title Leaf synchrony and insect herbivory among tropical tree habitat specialists Type Journal Article
Year 2014 Publication Plant Ecology Abbreviated Journal Plant Ecol.
Volume 215 Issue 2 Pages 209-220
Keywords Escape; French Guiana; Herbivorous insects; Phenology; Resource availability; Time lag
Abstract Growth defense tradeoff theory predicts that plants in low-resource habitats invest more energy in defense mechanisms against natural enemies than growth, whereas plants in high-resource habitats can afford higher leaf loss rates. A less-studied defense against herbivores involves the synchrony of leaf production, which can be an effective defense strategy if leaf biomass production exceeds the capacity of consumption by insects. The aim of this study was to determine whether leaf synchrony varied across habitats with different available resources and whether insects were able to track young leaf production among tree habitat specialists in a tropical forest of French Guiana. We predicted that high-resource habitats would exhibit more synchrony in leaf production due to the low cost and investment to replace leaf tissue. We also expected closer patterns of leaf synchrony and herbivory within related species, assuming that they shared herbivores. We simultaneously monitored leaf production and herbivory rates of five pairs of tree species, each composed of a specialist of terra firme or white-sand forests within the same lineage. Our prediction was not supported by the strong interaction of habitat and lineage for leaf synchrony within individuals of the same species; although habitat specialists differed in leaf synchrony within four of five lineages, the direction of the effect was variable. All species showed short time lags for the correlation between leaf production and herbivory, suggesting that insects are tightly tracking leaf production, especially for the most synchronous species. Leaf synchrony may provide an important escape defense against herbivores, and its expression appears to be constrained by both evolutionary history and environmental factors. © 2014 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht.
Address Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, United States
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ISSN (down) 13850237 (Issn) ISBN Medium
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Notes Export Date: 24 February 2014; Source: Scopus; Coden: Plecf; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: Lamarre, G. P. A.; Université Antilles Guyane, UMR Ecologie des Forêts de Guyane, 97310 Kourou, French Guiana; email: greglamarre973@gmail.com; Funding Details: DEB-0743103/0743800, NSF, National Science Foundation Approved no
Call Number EcoFoG @ webmaster @ Serial 530
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Author Denis, T.; Hérault, B.; Brunaux, O.; Guitet, S.; Richard-Hansen, C.
Title Weak environmental controls on the composition and diversity of medium and large-sized vertebrate assemblages in neotropical rain forests of the Guiana Shield Type Journal Article
Year 2018 Publication Diversity and Distributions Abbreviated Journal Diversity Distrib.
Volume 24 Issue 11 Pages 1545-1559
Keywords biodiversity; birds; functional traits; mammals; refugia hypothesis; spatial patterns; Aves; Mammalia; Vertebrata
Abstract Aim: Despite their often high-trophic position and their contribution to many ecosystem functions, little is known about the factors affecting assemblage structure of medium- and large-sized neotropical vertebrates. We examined the relative roles played by the physical and biological environment, and by purely spatial processes, in shaping the composition and diversities of these vertebrate assemblages. Then, based on the theory that the Guianan forest cover shrank to isolated pockets during the late Pleistocene–Holocene, we tested if the past forest refugia may have shaped current vertebrate assemblages. Location: French Guiana, Guiana Shield, South America. Methods: Abundances of 19 medium- and large-sized vertebrates were estimated at 21 locations in undisturbed Guianan rain forests. Using taxonomic, functional and phylogenetic metrics, we partitioned the effects of a range of physical and biological environmental conditions and purely spatial predictors in shaping both assemblage composition and (alpha and beta) diversities. Results: We identified a significant, but weak relationship between taxonomic, functional and phylogenetic assemblage composition and environmental conditions. Assemblage diversity patterns were mainly explained by spatial predictors irrespective of the metrics. Current assemblage diversities are correlated with Pleistocene–Holocene forest history, with the highest alpha diversities outside of putative forest refugia, and the highest beta diversities inside these areas. Main conclusions: Current vertebrate assemblage composition is not strongly marked by common environmental factors. Our main conclusion is that assemblage composition results from individual species responses to the environment. Our findings also suggest that dispersal-related processes or more probably historical processes shape (alpha and beta) diversity patterns. In fact, forest fragmentation during Pleistocene–Holocene climate changes could have led to isolated vertebrate assemblages evolving into unique species assemblages creating the current high beta diversity inside refugia, whereas the lower habitat stability outside of refugia could have led to mixed assemblages in areas recolonized by forest vertebrates (current high alpha diversity outside of refugia).
Address IRD, UMR AMAP (Cirad, CNRS, INRA, Université de Montpellier), Montpellier, France
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Publisher Blackwell Publishing Ltd Place of Publication Editor
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ISSN (down) 13669516 (Issn) ISBN Medium
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Notes Approved no
Call Number EcoFoG @ webmaster @ Serial 833
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Author Stahl, C.; Fontaine, S.; Klumpp, K.; Picon-Cochard, C.; Grise, M.M.; Dezecache, C.; Ponchant, L.; Freycon, V.; Blanc, L.; Bonal, D.; Burban, B.; Soussana, J.-F.; Blanfort, V.
Title Continuous soil carbon storage of old permanent pastures in Amazonia Type Journal Article
Year 2017 Publication Global Change Biology Abbreviated Journal Glob Change Biol
Volume 23 Issue 8 Pages 3382-3392
Keywords carbon storage; CN coupling; deep soil; mixed-grass pasture; native forest
Abstract Amazonian forests continuously accumulate carbon (C) in biomass and in soil, representing a carbon sink of 0.42–0.65 GtC yr−1. In recent decades, more than 15% of Amazonian forests have been converted into pastures, resulting in net C emissions (~200 tC ha−1) due to biomass burning and litter mineralization in the first years after deforestation. However, little is known about the capacity of tropical pastures to restore a C sink. Our study shows in French Amazonia that the C storage observed in native forest can be partly restored in old (≥24 year) tropical pastures managed with a low stocking rate (±1 LSU ha−1) and without the use of fire since their establishment. A unique combination of a large chronosequence study and eddy covariance measurements showed that pastures stored between −1.27 ± 0.37 and −5.31 ± 2.08 tC ha−1 yr−1 while the nearby native forest stored −3.31 ± 0.44 tC ha−1 yr−1. This carbon is mainly sequestered in the humus of deep soil layers (20–100 cm), whereas no C storage was observed in the 0- to 20-cm layer. C storage in C4 tropical pasture is associated with the installation and development of C3 species, which increase either the input of N to the ecosystem or the C:N ratio of soil organic matter. Efforts to curb deforestation remain an obvious priority to preserve forest C stocks and biodiversity. However, our results show that if sustainable management is applied in tropical pastures coming from deforestation (avoiding fires and overgrazing, using a grazing rotation plan and a mixture of C3 and C4 species), they can ensure a continuous C storage, thereby adding to the current C sink of Amazonian forests.
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ISSN (down) 1365-2486 ISBN Medium
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Call Number EcoFoG @ webmaster @ Serial 783
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