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Lehnebach, R.; Morel, H.; Bossu, J.; Le Moguédec, G.; Amusant, N.; Beauchene, J.; Nicolini, E. |
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Title |
Heartwood/sapwood profile and the tradeoff between trunk and crown increment in a natural forest: the case study of a tropical tree (Dicorynia guianensis Amsh., Fabaceae) |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2017 |
Publication |
Trees – Structure and Function |
Abbreviated Journal |
Trees – Structure and Function |
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Volume |
31 |
Issue |
1 |
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199-214 |
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Dicorynia guianensis; Growth allocation; Heartwood; Ontogeny; Sapwood; Tropical tree |
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Key message: Sapwood area and the radial growth rate of the trunk follow the same pattern at breast height, with an initial increase and subsequent constant value, resulting from the increasing growth allocation toward the crown rather than tree decline. Heartwood area and heartwood volume in the trunk increase more rapidly after this shift occurs. Abstract: Sapwood (SW) and heartwood (HW) are two functionally distinct classifications of wood in perennial stems for which quantities can vary greatly in tropical trees. Numerous positive correlations have been found between the radial growth rate (RGR) and SW quantity; however, variations in the SW/HW quantities have not been studied in light of the ontogenetic variation of RGR. Wood core sampling, intensive measurements of tree structure (number of branches, stem volumes), and radial growth monitoring were performed on an abundant and highly exploited tree species in French Guiana (Dicorynia guianensis) to investigate the relationship between RGR, SW/HW quantity, tree structure, and their variations on the course of a tree’s ontogeny. SW area and RGR followed the same pattern of variation throughout tree development, both increasing first and reaching a steady state after 50 cm DBH (diameter at breast height). After this value, we observed a strong increase in both the HW area and HW volume increment, concomitant with a more rapid increase in crown volume. The stabilization of RGR for trees with DBH > 50 cm was related not to a tree’s decline but rather to an increasing wood allocation to the crown, confirming that RGR at breast height is a poor indicator of whole-tree growth for bigger individuals. We also confirmed that HW formation is an ontogenetic process managing SW quantity that is continuously and increasingly produced within the crown as the tree grows. This study highlights the effect of growth-mediated ontogenetic changes on the localization of water and carbohydrate storage within a tree, resulting from SW and HW dynamics throughout tree ontogeny. © 2016, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg. |
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CIRAD, UMR EcoFoG, BP701, Kourou Cedex, French Guiana |
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Export Date: 19 February 2017 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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733 |
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Hénaut, Y.; Corbara, B.; Azémar, F.; Céréghino, R.; Dézerald, O.; Dejean, A. |
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Title |
An arboreal spider protects its offspring by diving into the water of tank bromeliads |
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Journal Article |
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2018 |
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Comptes Rendus Biologies |
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341 |
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3 |
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196-199 |
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Water used in protective behavior; Egg sacs; ; ; Cocons; Eau utilisée dans un comportement protecteur |
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Cupiennius salei (Ctenidae) individuals frequently live in association with tank bromeliads, including Aechmea bracteata, in Quintana Roo (Mexico). Whereas C. salei females without egg sacs hunt over their entire host plant, females carrying egg sacs settle above the A. bracteata reservoirs they have partially sealed with silk. There they avoid predators that use sight to detect their prey, as is known for many bird species. Furthermore, if a danger is more acute, these females dive with their egg sacs into the bromeliad reservoir. An experiment showed that this is not the case for males or females without egg sacs. In addition to the likely abundance of prey found therein, the potential of diving into the tank to protect offspring may explain the close association of this spider with bromeliads. These results show that, although arboreal, C. salei evolved a protective behavior using the water of tank bromeliads to protect offspring. Résumé L’araignée Cupiennius salei (Ctenidae) vit souvent en association avec la broméliacée à réservoir Aechmea bracteata. Dans le Quintana Roo (Mexique), les femelles qui transportent un cocon s’installent au-dessus d’un réservoir d’A. bracteata qu’elles obstruent partiellement de voiles de soie pour se camoufler des prédateurs. En présence de vibrations importantes et répétées, ces femelles plongent avec leur cocon dans l’eau du réservoir. Notre étude montre que les autres adultes (mâles et femelles sans cocon) n’utilisent pas les réservoirs d’eau. Ainsi, en plus de l’abondance de proies, la possibilité de pouvoir plonger pour protéger la descendance pourrait expliquer l’association entre cette espèce d’araignée et les broméliacées. Nos expériences montrent que les femelles porteuses d’un cocon manifestent une stratégie de protection vis-à-vis des cocons et d’elles-mêmes en s’immergeant durant 30, voire 90minutes. |
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1631-0691 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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823 |
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Lamarre, G.P.A.; Baraloto, C.; Fortunel, C.; Dávila, N.; Mesones, I.; Rios, J.G.; Ríos, M.; Valderrama, E.; Pilco, M.V.; Fine, P.V.A. |
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Title |
Herbivory, growth rates, and habitat specialization in tropical tree lineages: implications for Amazonian beta-diversity |
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Journal Article |
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2012 |
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Ecology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ecology |
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93 |
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sp8 |
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S195-S210 |
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Ecological Society of America |
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0012-9658 |
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doi: 10.1890/11-0397.1 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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459 |
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Sellan, G. ; Brearley, FQ. ; Nilus, R. ; Ttin, J. ; Majalap-Lee, N. |
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Differences in soil properties among contrasting soil types in Northern Borneo |
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Journal Article |
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2021 |
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Journal of Tropical Forest Science |
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33 |
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2 |
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191-202 |
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Soil in the tropics is high in diversity, and despite the diversity of Borneo’s forest–soil associations, there is a paucity of data on its soil properties. We investigated the differences between three soil types in the Kabili–Sepilok Forest Reserve, Sabah, Malaysia, encompassing the contrasting alluvial, sandstone and heath forest typologies. We examined the distribution of nutrients between soil types and through soil depths, and assessed the extent of spatial autocorrelation in the three soil types. We confirmed the fertility gradient from alluvial to heath forest soil found by others. Soil elemental concentrations declined in deeper horizons with the exception of exchangeable sodium and aluminium that remained constant through alluvial and sandstone soil profiles. Spatial autocorrelation was present in all three soil types and strongest in the sandstone soil. Overall, we show how bedrock, erosion, leaching and topography influence soil properties across this mosaic of soil types and note their importance in influencing tree communities and their ecological functioning. |
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FOREST RESEARCH INST MALAYSIA |
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0128-1283 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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1017 |
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Clair, B.; Gril, J.; Baba, K.; Thibaut, B.; Sugiyama, J. |
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Precautions for the structural analysis of the gelatinous layer in tension wood |
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Journal Article |
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2005 |
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IAWA Journal |
Abbreviated Journal |
IAWA J. |
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26 |
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2 |
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189-195 |
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artefact; fibre wall; gelatinous layer (G-layer); tension wood |
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The gelatinous layer (G-layer) of tension wood fibres in hardwood contributes to the mechanical function of the living tree and has significant consequences on properties of solid wood. Its size, shape and structure observed by optical or electron microscopy exhibits characteristic anatomical features. However, we found that sectioning of non-embedded wood samples results in an uncontrolled swelling of the G-layer. In order to assess this artefact, the shape and thickness of the G-layer was monitored by serial sections from an embedded wood sample, from its trimmed transverse face to that located several hundreds of micrometres deep. The results revealed that the initial cutting before embedding produced a border effect responsible for the swollen nature, which is similar to sections from non-embedded material. After a conventional embedding technique was applied, a section of at least 30 micrometres below the trimming surface is required to observe an un-swollen G-layer. |
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Kyoto Univ, Res Inst Sustainable Humanosphere, Lab Biomass Morphogenesis & Informat, Kyoto 6110011, Japan, Email: clair@blmgc.univ.montp2.fr |
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INT ASSOC WOOD ANATOMISTS |
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0928-1541 |
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ISI:000229698100003 |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
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254 |
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Clair, B.; Ruelle, J.; Thibaut, B. |
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Relationship between growth stress, mechanical-physical properties and proportion of fibre with gelatinous layer in chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.) |
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2003 |
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Holzforschung |
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Holzforschung |
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57 |
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2 |
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189-195 |
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growth stress; longitudinal Young's modulus; shrinkage; normal wood; tension wood; gelatinous layer; Castanea Sativa |
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A range of mechanical and physical properties were determined for 96 specimens of chestnut wood and for wood types ranging from compression to tension wood; tests included (1) growth stress, (2) longitudinal Young's modulus in green and air-dried states (3) shrinkage in longitudinal and tangential directions. Anatomical observations permitted determination of the proportion of fibres with a gelatinous layer. The influence of these atypical fibres on macroscopic wood properties is examined and discussed. A basic model is proposed to determine their properties in theoretically isolated conditions. |
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Univ Montpellier 2, Lab Mecan & Genie Civil, F-34095 Montpellier 5, France, Email: clair@lmgc.univ-montp2.fr |
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WALTER DE GRUYTER & CO |
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0018-3830 |
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ISI:000181797800011 |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
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274 |
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Petit, M.; Denis, T.; Rux, O.; Richard-Hansen, C.; Berzins, R. |
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Estimating jaguar (Panthera onca) density in a preserved coastal area of French Guiana |
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Journal Article |
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2018 |
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Mammalia |
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Mammalia |
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82 |
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2 |
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188-192 |
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camera trapping; density; French Guiana; home range; Panthera onca; spatially explicit capture recapture |
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Knowledge of the jaguar population is needed in French Guiana that faces an increase of human-jaguar conflicts. We carried out a camera trap survey to assess jaguar local density and home range size in a preserved coastal area of French Guiana. We ran spatially explicit capture recapture (SECR) models. In our model, the scale parameter σ, that is linked to the home range size, was larger for males (σ=3.87±0.59 SE km) than for females (σ=2.33±0.30 SE km). The assessed jaguar density was 3.22±0.87 SE ind. 100 km â '2, which should be considered as an optimal density in a French Guiana coastal area. |
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Office National de la Chasse et de la Faune Sauvage, Campus Agronomique, BP316, Kourou Cedex, French Guiana |
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Export Date: 7 May 2018 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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803 |
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Groc, S.; Orivel, J.; Dejean, A.; Martin, J.M.; Etienne, M.P.; Corbara, B.; Delabie, J.H.C. |
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Baseline study of the leaf-litter ant fauna in a French Guianese forest |
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2009 |
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Insect Conservation and Diversity |
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Insect. Conserv. Divers. |
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2 |
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3 |
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183-193 |
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Ants of the Leaf Litter Protocol; baseline study; leaf-litter ants; Nouragues; Winkler method |
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1. Leaf-litter ants represent a major component of biodiversity and are excellent bioindicators reflecting the health of terrestrial ecosystems. This study, conducted in an unspoiled forest near the Nouragues Research Station, represents the first inventory of leaf-litter ant diversity conducted in French Guiana, and so can be considered as the baseline dataset for ants in this country. 2. Ants were extracted from the leaf-litter using the Ants of the Leaf Litter Protocol, along an altitudinal gradient at four forest sites, including an inselberg. 3. A total of 196 ant species representing 46 genera distributed over eight subfamilies were collected. Four distinct communities spread over a gradient of diversity were thus identified: the liana forest was the most species-rich (140 species) followed by the forested plateau (102 species), the transition forest (87 species) and the forest at the top of the inselberg (71 species). 4. The discovery of species new to science plus several species recorded for the first time in French Guiana, coupled with the particular context of this area, suggests that the Nouragues Research Station might represent a centre of endemism. Once completed, this leaf-litter ant dataset will contribute greatly to the knowledge of ant biodiversity in French Guiana, and has the potential to progressively become an indispensable tool for country-wide conservation planning programmes. |
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[Groc, Sarah; Dejean, Alain; Martin, Jean-Michel] CNRS, Ecol Forets Guyane UMR 8172, Kourou, France, Email: sarah.groc@ecofog.gf |
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WILEY-LISS |
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1752-458X |
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ISI:000268269400004 |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
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108 |
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Salas-Lopez, A. |
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Predicting resource use in ant species and entire communities by studying their morphological traits: Influence of habitat and subfamily |
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Journal Article |
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2017 |
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Ecological Indicators |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ecol. Indic. |
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78 |
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183-191 |
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Biodiversity-ecosystem functioning relationships; Ecosystem process; Food niche; Formicidae; Habitat filtering; Indicator; Land-use; Morphological traits; Taxonomic conservatism; Biodiversity; Ecology; Indicators (instruments); Land use; Natural resources management; Ecosystem functioning; Ecosystem process; Formicidae; Morphological traits; Taxonomic conservatism; Ecosystems; Formicidae |
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I investigated whether the morphological traits of Neotropical ants can be used to infer food resource use by individual species and by entire communities, and whether these relationships are related to habitat type and/or by morphological differences between ant subfamilies. I attracted ants using food baits that represented different ecological processes (e.g. predation, granivory, detritivory, nectarivory) in five habitat types along a land-use gradient (from forests to gardens). I assessed ant activity at the baits and characterized 64 species from six subfamilies according to their food use and community-level resource exploitation intensity in the different habitats. Next, I performed a Mantel test to reveal the relationships between 13 morphological measures and resource use at the species level. I then used ant clades (i.e. subfamily) and habitat to rank the ants along three axes of variation in relation to their morphology and food resource use. Finally, I tested whether associations existed between the community-level exploitation intensity for such resources and the distribution of morphological trait values using the “4th-corner” analysis. Morphological traits were closely linked to the species’ ability to exploit different resources. These relationships were affected by subfamily and, to a lesser extent, by habitat type. The characterization of trait sets for entire communities was not useful, however, in predicting the intensity of the exploitation of different types of resources in varying environmental conditions. I conclude that morphological traits are accurate predictors of the ecology of species, but they should be used with caution when trying to understand community-level patterns. © 2017 Elsevier Ltd |
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Export Date: 8 April 2017 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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747 |
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Ntawuhiganayo, E.B.; Uwizeye, F.K.; Zibera, E.; Dusenge, M.E.; Ziegler, C.; Ntirugulirwa, B.; Nsabimana, D.; Wallin, G.; Uddling, J. |
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Title |
Traits controlling shade tolerance in tropical montane trees |
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Journal Article |
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2020 |
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Tree physiology |
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Tree Physiol. |
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40 |
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2 |
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183-197 |
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biomass allocation; leaf temperature; plant traits; Rwanda; shade intolerance; shade tolerance; tropical montane forest; article; biomass allocation; breathing; canopy; carbon balance; compensation; photosynthesis; plant leaf; plant stem; rain forest; Rwanda; shade tolerance; species difference; sweating |
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Tropical canopies are complex, with multiple canopy layers and pronounced gap dynamics contributing to their high species diversity and productivity. An important reason for this complexity is the large variation in shade tolerance among different tree species. At present, we lack a clear understanding of which plant traits control this variation, e.g., regarding the relative contributions of whole-plant versus leaf traits or structural versus physiological traits. We investigated a broad range of traits in six tropical montane rainforest tree species with different degrees of shade tolerance, grown under three different radiation regimes (under the open sky or beneath sparse or dense canopies). The two distinct shade-tolerant species had higher fractional biomass in leaves and branches while shade-intolerant species invested more into stems, and these differences were greater under low radiation. Leaf respiration and photosynthetic light compensation point did not vary with species shade tolerance, regardless of radiation regime. Leaf temperatures in open plots were markedly higher in shade-tolerant species due to their low transpiration rates and large leaf sizes. Our results suggest that interspecific variation in shade tolerance of tropical montane trees is controlled by species differences in whole-plant biomass allocation strategy rather than by difference in physiological leaf traits determining leaf carbon balance at low radiation. © The Author(s) 2019. Published by Oxford University Press. |
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Rwanda Agriculture and Animal Resources Development, PO Box 5016Kigali, Rwanda |
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NLM (Medline) |
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17584469 (Issn) |
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Export Date: 16 March 2020 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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922 |
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