| Records |
| Author |
Schimann, H.; Joffre, R.; Roggy, J.C.; Lensi, R.; Domenach, A.M. |
| Title |
Evaluation of the recovery of microbial functions during soil restoration using near-infrared spectroscopy |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2007 |
Publication |
Applied Soil Ecology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Appl. Soil Ecol. |
| Volume |
37 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages  |
223-232 |
| Keywords |
NIRS; microbial activities; respiration; denitrification; carbon; nitrogen; soil functioning; restoration |
| Abstract |
Microbial-based indicators, such as C and N contents or microbial functions involved in C and N cycles, are currently used to describe the status of soils in disturbed areas. Microbial functions are more accurate indicators but their measurement for studies at the ecosystem level remains problematical because of the huge spatial variability of these processes and, consequently, of the large number of soil samples which must be analyzed. Our goal was to test the capacity of near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) to predict respiration and denitrification but also carbon and nitrogen contents of soils submitted to various procedures of restoration. To achieve this objective, we took advantage of an experiment conducted on a reforestation system established after open-cast gold mining in French Guiana. In this experimental station, plantations of various ages and various soil textures were at our disposal. Our results showed that both plantations and soil texture had a strong impact on the recovery of soil functioning: carbon and nitrogen contents, respiration and denitrification increased with age of plantation and clay content. Calibrations were performed between spectral data and microbial-based indicators using partial least squares regression (PLS). The results showed that C and N contents were accurately predicted. Microbial functions were less precisely predicted with results more accurate on clayey soils than on sandy soils. In clayey soils, perturbed or restored soils and the year of plantation were discriminated very efficiently through principal component analyses of spectral signatures (over 80% of variance explained on the first two axes). Near-infrared spectroscopy may thus be extended to the prediction of functional soil parameters, but the capacity of this method must be strengthened by expending the databases with other soils in other contexts. The possibility of using NIRS provides many opportunities for understanding both the temporal dynamics and the spatial variability of the recovery of key microbial functions during soil restoration. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. |
| Address |
UMR EcoFoG, Kourou 97387, French Guiana, Email: heidy.schimann@cirad.fr |
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| Publisher |
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV |
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0929-1393 |
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| Notes |
ISI:000250668000006 |
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no |
| Call Number |
EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
Serial |
154 |
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| Author |
Clair, B.; Arinero, R.; Leveque, G.; Ramonda, M.; Thibaut, B. |
| Title |
Imaging the mechanical properties of wood cell wall layers by atomic force modulation microscopy |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2003 |
Publication |
IAWA Journal |
Abbreviated Journal |
IAWA J. |
| Volume |
24 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
223-230 |
| Keywords |
wood; cell wall; mechanical properties; elastic modulus; tension wood |
| Abstract |
Atomic Force Microscopy in force modulation mode was used to study the elastic properties of the different fibre wall layers of the tension wood of holm oak and normal wood of boco. The method is based on the measurement of the resonance frequency of the microscope lever in contact with the sample. This frequency is related to the reduced Young modulus E* = E/(1-nu(2)) of the material, supposed to be isotropic. 'Elastic' images of the cell are obtained simultaneously with the topographic images, which allows the observation of the mechanical properties of the cells at a nanometric scale. Layers G, S-1, S-2 and ML can clearly be distinguished. By comparison with known materials an estimation of the absolute modulus is given in the range 5-20 GPa, but should be considered with caution, because the inherent anisotropy of the materials has not been taken into account. |
| Address |
Univ Montpellier 2, CNRS, UMR 5508, Lab Mecan & Genie Civil, F-34095 Montpellier, France |
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| Publisher |
INT ASSOC WOOD ANATOMISTS |
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| ISSN |
0928-1541 |
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| Notes |
ISI:000185049700003 |
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no |
| Call Number |
EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
Serial |
270 |
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| Author |
Freycon, V.; Krencker, M.; Schwartz, D.; Nasi, R.; Bonal, D. |
| Title |
The impact of climate changes during the Holocene on vegetation in northern French Guiana |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Quaternary Research |
Abbreviated Journal |
Quat. Res. |
| Volume |
73 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
220-225 |
| Keywords |
Holocene; Vegetation change; French Guiana; Carbon isotope composition; Soil organic matter |
| Abstract |
The impact of climatic changes that occurred during the last glacial maximum and the Holocene on vegetation changes in the Amazon Basin and the Guiana Shield are still widely debated. The aim of our study was to investigate whether major changes in vegetation (i.e. transitions between rainforests and C-4 savannas) occurred in northern French Guiana during the Holocene. We measured variations in the delta C-13 of soil organic matter at eight sites now occupied by forest or savannah. The forest sites were selected to cover two regions (forest refugia and peneplains) which are thought to have experienced different intensities of disturbance during the latest Pleistocene and the Holocene. We found that none of the forest sites underwent major disturbances during the Holocene, i.e. they were not replaced by C-4 savannahs or C-4 forest savannahs for long periods. Our results thus suggest that tropical rainforests in northern French Guiana were resilient to drier climatic conditions during the Holocene. Nevertheless, geographical and vertical variations in the C-13 of SOM were compatible with minor changes in vegetation, variations in soil processes or in soil physical properties. (C) 2009 University of Washington. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. |
| Address |
[Freycon, Vincent] CIRAD, UR Dynam Forestiere, F-34398 Montpellier 5, France, Email: vincent.freycon@cirad.fr |
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ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE |
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0033-5894 |
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| Notes |
ISI:000275246700007 |
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no |
| Call Number |
EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
Serial |
66 |
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| Author |
Yazdani, R.; Scotti, I.; Jansson, G.; Plomion, C.; Mathur, G. |
| Title |
Inheritance and diversity of simple sequence repeat (SSR) microsatellite markers in various families of Picea abies |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2003 |
Publication |
Hereditas |
Abbreviated Journal |
Hereditas |
| Volume |
138 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
219-227 |
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| Abstract |
A large number of sequence-specific SSRs were screened by using electrophoresis on metaphore agarose gels with the bands visualized by ethidium bromide staining. Many SSRs appeared as codominant and many as dominant markers, with presence or absence of bands. A simple Mendelian inheritance pattern for most codominant and dominant SSR loci was found. For many codominant SSR markers, null alleles were detected. The proportion of dominant microsatellites detected in this study (close to 50 %) was much higher than that commonly reported in many other studies. A high proportion of dominant markers together with a high frequency of codominant markers with null alleles may represent two important limitations for the use of microsatellites in different studies. On the other hand, many polymorphic codominant SSR microsatellite markers were found to be highly repeatable, and can be used for population studies, seed certification, quality control of controlled crosses, paternity analysis, pollen contamination, and mapping of QTL in related families. In this paper, we report on the inheritance pattern and diversity of codominant and dominant SSR microsatellites in seven families of Picea abies sharing a common mother. |
| Address |
Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Plant Biol & Forest Genet, Uppsala, Sweden |
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BLACKWELL MUNKSGAARD |
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0018-0661 |
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| Notes |
ISI:000187074000010 |
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no |
| Call Number |
EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
Serial |
268 |
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| Author |
Fouquet, A.; Dubut, V.; Hataway, R.; Scotti-Saintagne, C.; Scotti, I.; Noonan, B. |
| Title |
Isolation and characterisation of 19 microsatellite loci from the Amazonian frog Adenomera andreae (Amphibia: Anura: Leptodactylidae) |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2009 |
Publication |
Conservation Genetics Resources |
Abbreviated Journal |
Conserv. Genet. Res. |
| Volume |
1 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
217-220 |
| Keywords |
Biomedicine |
| Abstract |
Nineteen novel microsatellite loci were isolated from Adenomera andreae, a widespread Amazonian frog considered to be a species complex. Three multiplex kits were optimized. Genetic diversity was assessed in 66 individuals sampled in three populations along the West of the Approuague River catchment (French Guiana). We also tested the multiplex kits in four other Adenomera and nine Leptodactylus species with 43.4 and 17.5% success respectively. |
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Springer Netherlands |
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1877-7252 |
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no |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
Serial |
185 |
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| Author |
Touchard, A.; Dauvois, M.; Arguel, M.-J.; Petitclerc, F.; Leblanc, M.; Dejean, A.; Orivel, J.; Nicholson, G.M.; Escoubas, P. |
| Title |
Elucidation of the unexplored biodiversity of ant venom peptidomes via MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry and its application for chemotaxonomy |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2014 |
Publication |
Journal of Proteomics |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Proteomics |
| Volume |
105 |
Issue |
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Pages |
217-231 |
| Keywords |
Ant venom; Chemotaxonomy; Maldi-Tof Ms; Peptide; Peptidome; Ponerinae; ant venom; cytochrome c oxidase; ant; article; biodiversity; chemotaxonomy; correlational study; DNA sequence; French Guiana; Hymenoptera; matrix assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry; mitochondrial gene; nonhuman; Odontomachus biumbonatus; Odontomachus haematodus; Odontomachus hastatus; Odontomachus mayi; Odontomachus scalptus; Pachcondyla apicalis; Pachcondyla arhuaca; Pachcondyla commutata; Pachcondyla constricta; Pachcondyla crassinola; Pachcondyla goeldii; Pachcondyla inversa; Pachcondyla marginata; Pachcondyla procidua; Pachcondyla stigma; Pachcondyla verenae; Pachcondyla villosa; peptidomics; phylogeny; priority journal; Animalia; Formicidae; Hymenoptera; Odontomachus; Pachycondyla; Pachycondyla apicalis; Pachycondyla stigma; Ponerinae |
| Abstract |
The rise of integrative taxonomy, a multi-criteria approach used in characterizing species, fosters the development of new tools facilitating species delimitation. Mass spectrometric (MS) analysis of venom peptides from venomous animals has previously been demonstrated to be a valid method for identifying species. Here we aimed to develop a rapid chemotaxonomic tool for identifying ants based on venom peptide mass fingerprinting. The study focused on the biodiversity of ponerine ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Ponerinae) in French Guiana. Initial experiments optimized the use of automated matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) to determine variations in the mass profiles of ant venoms using several MALDI matrices and additives. Data were then analyzed via a hierarchical cluster analysis to classify the venoms of 17 ant species. In addition, phylogenetic relationships were assessed and were highly correlated with methods using DNA sequencing of the mitochondrial gene cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1. By combining a molecular genetics approach with this chemotaxonomic approach, we were able to improve the accuracy of the taxonomic findings to reveal cryptic ant species within species complexes. This chemotaxonomic tool can therefore contribute to more rapid species identification and more accurate taxonomies. Biological significance: This is the first extensive study concerning the peptide analysis of the venom of both Pachycondyla and Odontomachus ants. We studied the venoms of 17 ant species from French Guiana that permitted us to fine-tune the venom analysis of ponerine ants via MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. We explored the peptidomes of crude ant venom and demonstrated that venom peptides can be used in the identification of ant species. In addition, the application of this novel chemotaxonomic method combined with a parallel genetic approach using COI sequencing permitted us to reveal the presence of cryptic ants within both the Pachycondyla apicalis and Pachycondyla stigma species complexes. This adds a new dimension to the search for means of exploiting the enormous biodiversity of venomous ants as a source for novel therapeutic drugs or biopesticides. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Proteomics of non-model organisms. © 2014 Elsevier B.V. |
| Address |
Neurotoxin Research Group, School of Medical and Molecular Biosciences, University of Technology, Sydney, NSW, Australia |
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Elsevier |
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18767737 (Issn) |
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Cited By (since 1996):1; Export Date: 30 July 2014; Correspondence Address: Touchard, A.; UMR-EcoFoG, Campus Agronomique, BP 316, 97379 Kourou Cedex, France; email: axel.touchard@ecofog.gf; Chemicals/CAS: cytochrome c oxidase, 72841-18-0, 9001-16-5 |
Approved |
no |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
Serial |
555 |
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| Author |
Dejean, A.; Petitclerc, F.; Roux, O.; Orivel, J.; Leroy, C. |
| Title |
Does exogenic food benefit both partners in an ant-plant mutualism? the case of Cecropia obtusa and its guest Azteca plant-ants |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2012 |
Publication |
Comptes Rendus Biologies |
Abbreviated Journal |
C. R. Biol. |
| Volume |
335 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
214-219 |
| Keywords |
Ant-plant mutualisms; Azteca; Cecropia obtusa; Myrmecotrophy; Stable isotopes |
| Abstract |
In the mutualisms involving the myrmecophyte Cecropia obtusa and Azteca ovaticeps or A. alfari, both predatory, the ants defend their host trees from enemies and provide them with nutrients (myrmecotrophy). A. ovaticeps provisioned with prey and then 15N-enriched food produced more individuals than did control colonies (not artificially provisioned). This was not true for A. alfari colonies, possibly due to differences in the degree of maturity of the colonies for the chosen range of host tree sizes (less than 3 m in height). Myrmecotrophy was demonstrated for both Azteca species as provisioning the ants with 15N-enriched food translated into higher δ 15N values in host plant tissues, indicating that nitrogen passed from the food to the plant. Thus, the predatory activity of their guest ants benefits the Cecropia trees not only because the ants protect them from defoliators since most prey are phytophagous insects but also because the plant absorbs nutrients. © 2012 Académie des sciences. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. |
| Address |
IRD, Maladies Infectieuses et Vecteurs, Équipe BEES-IRD, BP 171, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso |
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16310691 (Issn) |
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Export Date: 15 April 2012; Source: Scopus; Coden: Crboc; doi: 10.1016/j.crvi.2012.01.002; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: Dejean, A.; CNRS, Écologie des Forêts de Guyane (UMR-CNRS 8172), Campus Agronomique, 97379 Kourou cedex, France; email: alain.dejean@wanadoo.fr |
Approved |
no |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
Serial |
391 |
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| Author |
Jaouen, G.; Fournier, M.; Almeras, T. |
| Title |
Thigmomorphogenesis versus light in biomechanical growth strategies of saplings of two tropical rain forest tree species |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Annals of Forest Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ann. For. Sci. |
| Volume |
67 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
211 |
| Keywords |
biomechanics; thigmomorphogenesis; height growth strategies; tropical rain forest; French Guiana |
| Abstract |
In the dense tropical rainforest understorey, saplings exhibit different growth strategies aiming at reaching light levels better fitting their ecology. Investing mainly in height growth, at the expense of their width, a lot are close to mechanical instability. Tachigali melinonii, a long living heliophilic tree species, is frequently observed to be extremely slender and supported by neighbours. Such observations suggest an active growth control through the perception of mechanical environment. Mechanical environment or light availability, which one is the most influent on growth and slenderness (H/D)? To test this question, we recorded growth of control and staked saplings of two species with contrasting habits and ecology: T. melinonii, and Dicorynia guianensis, along a natural light gradient. Dicorynia, the more stable, responded more clearly to the staking treatment, showing slenderness increase when light is available, whereas for Tachigali, only light availability governed growth. For Tachigali, growth allocation is mainly governed by light availability and ontogeny, whereas Dicorynia is probably similar to the average tree strategy, using the thigmomorphogenetic physiological process to control its stability. |
| Address |
[Jaouen, Gaelle; Almeras, Tancrede] Univ Antilles Guyane, INRA, CNRS,Cirad, Unite Mixte Rech Ecol Forets Guyane,AgroParisTech, Kourou 97379, French Guiana, Email: gaelle.jaouen@ecofog.gf |
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EDP SCIENCES S A |
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1286-4560 |
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ISI:000276507100012 |
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no |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
Serial |
61 |
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Royer, M.; Stien, D.; Beauchene, J.; Herbette, G.; McLean, J.P.; Thibaut, A.; Thibaut, B. |
| Title |
Extractives of the tropical wood wallaba (Eperua falcata Aubl.) as natural anti-swelling agents |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Holzforschung |
Abbreviated Journal |
Holzforschung |
| Volume |
64 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
211-215 |
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| Abstract |
Wallaba (Eperua falcata) is a tropical wood that is known to have naturally high moisture related dimensional stability. Samples of wallaba heartwood were subjected to differential solvent extraction. Wood pieces that were extracted with methanol showed significantly greater swelling following rehydration from oven dry to 96% relative humidity than non- extracted samples and samples extracted with other solvents. Methanol soluble wallaba heartwood extract was purified by HPLC and the compounds present were characterized by NMR spectroscopy. The structure of 13 compounds in methanol extract was identified. The relative proportion of polar compounds in methanol extract was found to be high. The compounds identified are proposed to bind to the polymeric cell wall by means of multiple hydrogen bonds restricting the association of water and therefore act as natural anti-swelling agents. |
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0018-3830 |
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WOS:000274423900010 |
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no |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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307 |
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| Author |
Odonne, G.; Houel, E.; Bourdy, G.; Stien, D. |
| Title |
Treating leishmaniasis in Amazonia: A review of ethnomedicinal concepts and pharmaco-chemical analysis of traditional treatments to inspire modern phytotherapies |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2017 |
Publication |
Journal of Ethnopharmacology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Journal of Ethnopharmacology |
| Volume |
199 |
Issue |
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Pages |
211-230 |
| Keywords |
Amazonia; Distribution indexes; Ethnomedecine; Interculturality; Leishmaniasis; Medicinal plants; Traditional medicine |
| Abstract |
Ethnopharmacological relevance Cutaneous and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis are neglected tropical diseases that occur in all intertropical regions of the world. Amazonian populations have developed an abundant knowledge of the disease and its remedies. Therefore, we undertook to review traditional antileishmanial plants in Amazonia and have developed new tools to analyze this somewhat dispersed information. Material and methods A literature review of traditional remedies for cutaneous/mucocutaneous leishmaniasis in the Amazon was conducted and the data obtained was used to calculate distribution indexes designed to highlight the most relevant uses in Amazonia. The cultural distribution index represents the distribution rate of a given taxon among different cultural groups and was calculated as the ratio of the number of groups using the taxon to the total number of groups cited. The geographical distribution index allowed us to quantify spatial distribution of a taxon's uses in Amazonia and was calculated geometrically by measuring the average distance between the points where uses have been reported and the barycenter of those points. The general distribution index was defined as an arithmetic combination of the previous two and provides information on both cultural and spatial criteria. Results 475 use reports, concerning 291 botanical species belonging to 83 families have been gathered depicted from 29 sources. Uses concern 34 cultural groups. While the use of some taxa appears to be Pan-Amazonian, some others are clearly restricted to small geographical regions. Particular attention has been paid to the recipes and beliefs surrounding treatments. Topical application of the remedies dominated the other means of administration and this deserves particular attention as the main treatments against Neotropical leishmaniasis are painful systemic injections. The data set was analyzed using the previously defined distribution indexes and the most relevant taxa were further discussed from a phytochemical and pharmacological point of view. Conclusions The Amazonian biodiversity and cultural heritage host a fantastic amount of data whose systematic investigation should allow a better large-scale understanding of the dynamics of traditional therapies and the consequent discovery of therapeutic solutions for neglected diseases. Distribution indices are indeed powerful tools for emphasizing the most relevant treatments against a given disease and should be very useful in the meta-analysis of other regional pharmacopeia. This focus on renowned remedies that have not yet benefitted from extended laboratory studies, could stimulate future research on new treatments of natural origin for leishmaniasis. © 2017 Elsevier Ireland Ltd |
| Address |
Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Laboratoire de Biodiversité et Biotechnologies Microbiennes (LBBM), Observatoire Océanologique, Banyuls-sur-Mer, France |
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Export Date: 27 February 2017 |
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no |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
Serial |
737 |
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