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Author Dejean, A.; Petitclerc, F.; Azémar, F.
Title Seasonality influences ant-mediated nutrient acquisition (myrmecotrophy) by a Neotropical myrmecophyte Type Journal Article
Year 2020 Publication Evolutionary Ecology Abbreviated Journal Evol. Ecol.
Volume 34 Issue 4 Pages (up) 645-657
Keywords Ant-plant relationships; Mutualism; Myrmecophyte; Myrmecotrophy; Phenology; Stable isotopes; ant; herb; host plant; life cycle; myrmecochory; myrmecophyte; Neotropical Region; phenology; seasonality; stable isotope; understory; Gentianaceae; Tachia; Tachia guianensis
Abstract Tachia guianensis (Gentianaceae), a Neotropical understory myrmecophyte, shelters ant colonies in its hollow trunks and branches (domatia). In turn, it is protected from defoliators and obtains nutrients from ant-produced wastes (myrmecotrophy). Aiming to verify if seasonality influences nitrogen assimilation via ant wastes using the stable isotope nitrogen-15, we first studied Tachia’s phenology and its seasonal leaf production, and then the life cycle of its two more frequent guest ant species. We found that leaf production was much higher during the rainy than the dry season. Mature guest ant colonies produced sexuals regardless of the season and the net weight of the waste piles inside the domatia did not vary between seasons, so that the availability of nutrients to their host plant is steady year-long. By providing the two most frequent mutualistic guest ant species with food enriched with nitrogen-15, we showed that Tachia individuals assimilate more nitrogen from ant wastes during the rainy season, when the plant is physiologically active, compared to the dry season. Thus, one can deduce that the increase in nitrogen assimilation during the rainy season is determined by the increase in Tachia’s physiological activity during that season. Information gathered through a bibliographic compilation confirms that none of the 15 ant species known to be associated with myrmecophytes for which the life cycle was studied is characterized by seasonal reproduction (which would result in fluctuating waste production). The same is true for 49.7% of 167 tropical ant species (seasonal production for the remaining species). We concluded that, in contrast to the non-seasonal ant colony reproductive cycle, Tachia’s phenology determines the myrmecotrophic assimilation rate. © 2020, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
Address CNRS, UMR EcoFoG, AgroParisTech, CIRAD, INRAE, Université des Antilles, Université de Guyane, Kourou, 97310, France
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Springer Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 02697653 (Issn) ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number EcoFoG @ webmaster @ Serial 956
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Author Bourreau, D.; Aimene, Y.; Beauchene, J.; Thibaut, B.
Title Feasibility of glued laminated timber beams with tropical hardwoods Type Journal Article
Year 2013 Publication European Journal of Wood and Wood Products Abbreviated Journal Eur. J. Wood Wood Prod.
Volume 71 Issue 5 Pages (up) 653-662
Keywords
Abstract A feasibility study of glulam was carried out in French Guiana using local wood species. The aim was to determine gluing parameters affording satisfactory behaviour to manufactured glulam in a tropical climate. Three abundant wood species, with special properties, were selected for the study and resorcinol-phenol-formaldehyde resin was used for bonding. Three industrial parameters were considered: adhesive spread rate, closed assembly time and gluing pressure. Delamination and shearing tests were carried out in accordance with European Standards. The tests revealed the influence of wood properties and manufacturing parameters on joint resistance. In fact, the results showed that specific gravity and the shrinkage coefficient greatly influenced the gluing step. Indeed, wood with a medium specific gravity needed more adhesive and more pressure than wood with a high specific gravity. In addition, planing and lamella thickness were found to affect glue joint resistance. © 2013 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.
Address CNRS-LMGC Université de Montpellier2, 34095 Montpellier, France
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 00183768 (Issn) ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Export Date: 30 August 2013; Source: Scopus; doi: 10.1007/s00107-013-0721-4; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: Bourreau, D.; UAG-UMR Ecofog, Pôle Universitaire Guyanais, 97337 Cayenne cedex, French Guiana; email: dbourreau@nancy.inra.fr Approved no
Call Number EcoFoG @ webmaster @ Serial 497
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Author Koponen, P.; Nygren, P.; Domenach, A.M.; Le Roux, C.; Saur, E.; Roggy, J.C.
Title Nodulation and dinitrogen fixation of legume trees in a tropical freshwater swamp forest in French Guiana Type Journal Article
Year 2003 Publication Journal of Tropical Ecology Abbreviated Journal J. Trop. Ecol.
Volume 19 Issue Pages (up) 655-666
Keywords acetylene reduction assay; Bradyrhizobium; flooding; microtopography; N-15 natural abundance method; 16S rDNA sequencing
Abstract Nodulated legume trees comprised 43% of the stand basal area in the low, most frequently flooded microsites, and 23% in higher, drier microsites in a tropical freshwater swamp forest in French Guiana. Dinitrogen fixation in Pterocarpus officinalis, Hydrochorea corymbosa and Inga pilosula was confirmed by acetylene reduction assay (ARA), presence of leghaemoglobin in nodules and the N-15 natural abundance method. The results for Zygia cataractae were inconclusive but suggested N-2 fixation in drier microsites. Nodulated Inga disticha had a N-15-to-N-14 ratio similar to non-N-2-fixing trees, but ARA indicated nitrogenase activity and leghaemoglobin was present in nodules. All bacterial strains were identified as Bradyrhizobium spp. according to the partial 16S rDNA sequences, and they were infective in vitro in the model species Macroptilium atropurpuretan. About 35-50% of N in the leaves of P. officinalis, H. corymbosa and I. pilosula was fixed from the atmosphere. Dinitrogen fixation was estimated to contribute at least 8-13% and 1728% to whole-canopy N in high and low microsites, respectively. Symbiotic N, fixation appears to provide both a competitive advantage to legume trees under N-limited, flooded conditions and an important N input to neotropical freshwater swamp forests.
Address Univ Helsinki, Dept Forest Ecol, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0266-4674 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes ISI:000186710800005 Approved no
Call Number EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ Serial 242
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Author Chevolot, M.; Louisanna, E.; Azri, W.; Leblanc-Fournier, N.; Roeckel-Drevet, P.; Scotti-Saintagne, C.; Scotti, I.
Title Isolation of primers for candidate genes for mechano-sensing in five Neotropical tree species Type Journal Article
Year 2011 Publication Tree Genetics & Genomes Abbreviated Journal Tree Genet. Genomes
Volume 7 Issue 3 Pages (up) 655-661
Keywords Population genomics; Functional gene; Mechanical signals; Fabaceae
Abstract Mechanical signals have an impact on plant development. Tropical rainforest trees display large variability for life-history traits related to biomechanics and therefore are a unique study system to better understand biomechanical trait variability from an evolutionary perspective. From sequences and gene expression data available in model species, we developed specific primers for six candidate genes for mechano-sensing in five tropical species. Most of the gene sequences were polymorphic in most species.
Address [Chevolot, Malia; Louisanna, Eliane; Scotti-Saintagne, Caroline; Scotti, Ivan] INRA, Unite Mixte Rech Ecol Forets Guyane, Kourou 97310, French Guiana, Email: ivan.scotti@ecofog.gf
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Springer Heidelberg Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1614-2942 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes ISI:000290571900018 Approved no
Call Number EcoFoG @ webmaster @ Serial 315
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Author Schwalm, C.R.; Williams, C.A.; Schaefer, K.; Arneth, A.; Bonal, D.; Buchmann, N.; Chen, J.Q.; Law, B.E.; Lindroth, A.; Luyssaert, S.; Reichstein, M.; Richardson, A.D.
Title Assimilation exceeds respiration sensitivity to drought: A FLUXNET synthesis Type Journal Article
Year 2010 Publication Global Change Biology Abbreviated Journal Glob. Change Biol.
Volume 16 Issue 2 Pages (up) 657-670
Keywords biome; carbon cycling; drought; eddy covariance; evaporative fraction; FLUXNET; synthesis
Abstract The intensification of the hydrological cycle, with an observed and modeled increase in drought incidence and severity, underscores the need to quantify drought effects on carbon cycling and the terrestrial sink. FLUXNET, a global network of eddy covariance towers, provides dense data streams of meteorological data, and through flux partitioning and gap filling algorithms, estimates of net ecosystem productivity (F-NEP), gross ecosystem productivity (P), and ecosystem respiration (R). We analyzed the functional relationship of these three carbon fluxes relative to evaporative fraction (EF), an index of drought and site water status, using monthly data records from 238 micrometeorological tower sites distributed globally across 11 biomes. The analysis was based on relative anomalies of both EF and carbon fluxes and focused on drought episodes by biome and climatic season. Globally P was approximate to 50% more sensitive to a drought event than R. Network-wide drought-induced decreases in carbon flux averaged -16.6 and -9.3 g C m-2 month-1 for P and R, i.e., drought events induced a net decline in the terrestrial sink. However, in evergreen forests and wetlands drought was coincident with an increase in P or R during parts of the growing season. The most robust relationships between carbon flux and EF occurred during climatic spring for F-NEP and in climatic summer for P and R. Upscaling flux sensitivities to a global map showed that spatial patterns for all three carbon fluxes were linked to the distribution of croplands. Agricultural areas exhibited the highest sensitivity whereas the tropical region had minimal sensitivity to drought. Combining gridded flux sensitivities with their uncertainties and the spatial grid of FLUXNET revealed that a more robust quantification of carbon flux response to drought requires additional towers in all biomes of Africa and Asia as well as in the cropland, shrubland, savannah, and wetland biomes globally.
Address [Schwalm, Christopher R.; Williams, Christopher A.] Clark Univ, Grad Sch Geog, Worcester, MA 01610 USA, Email: cschwalm@clarku.edu
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1354-1013 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes ISI:000274419400014 Approved no
Call Number EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ Serial 69
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Author Fang, C.H.; Clair, B.; Gril, J.; Almeras, T.
Title Transverse shrinkage in G-fibers as a function of cell wall layering and growth strain Type Journal Article
Year 2007 Publication Wood Science and Technology Abbreviated Journal Wood Sci. Technol.
Volume 41 Issue 8 Pages (up) 659-671
Keywords
Abstract Transverse drying shrinkage was measured at microscopic and mesoscopic levels in poplar wood characterised by an increasing growth strain (GS), from normal to tension wood. Results show that: (a) the drying shrinkage, measured as a relative thickness decrease, was significantly higher for G-layer (GL) than for the other layers (OL), GL shrinkage was not significantly correlated with GS, and OL shrinkage was negatively correlated with GS. (b) In gelatinous fibre (G-fibre), lumen size increased during drying and this increase was positively related with GS, but in normal wood fibre, lumen size decreased during drying. These findings suggest that GL shrank outwards (i.e., its internal perimeter increases), so that its shrinkage weakly affected the total cell shrinkage and the mesoscopic shrinkage was controlled by the OL shrinkage which shrank inwards (i.e., its external perimeter decreases). (c) Measurements done on 7 x 7 mm(2) thin sections evidenced a negative correlation between transverse shrinkage and GS, significant in T direction but weak in R direction. These observations at both levels allow to discuss the contribution of GL to the mesoscopic shrinkage of tension wood.
Address Univ Montpellier 2, Lab Mech & Gene Civil, F-34095 Montpellier, France, Email: fang1979@gmail.com
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher SPRINGER Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0043-7719 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes ISI:000250381500003 Approved no
Call Number EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ Serial 155
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Author McClure, M.; Chouteau, M.; Dejean, A.
Title Territorial aggressiveness on the arboreal ant Azteca alfari by Camponotus blandus in French Guiana due to behavioural constraints Type Journal Article
Year 2008 Publication Comptes Rendus Biologies Abbreviated Journal C. R. Biol.
Volume 331 Issue 9 Pages (up) 663-667
Keywords Azteca alfari (Dolichoderinae); Camponotus blandus (Formicinae); foraging; rhythm of activity; territorial aggressiveness
Abstract This study reports new information on interactions between two sympatric ant species, the plant-ant Azteca alfari (Dolichoderinae) living in association with the myrmecophyte Cecropia obtusa (Cecropiaceae) and Camponotus blandus (Formicinae), a ground-nesting, arboreal-foraging species. Workers of A. alfari forage only on the foliage and the tipper parts of the trunk of their host Cecropia, while C. blandus nests in the ground but frequently forages and patrols pioneer tree foliage, including Cecropia. The activity pattern of A. alfari and the number of C. blandus on Cecropia obtusa was monitored hourly during a two-day period in a disturbed area in French Guiana. The maximum activity of C. blandus occurred between 8:30 and 12:30, at which time A. alfari had retreated within the domatia and were least present on the trunks. Even though aggressive confrontations were observed, C. blandus workers often initiate confrontations but do not prey on A. alfari nor exploit food bodies produced by Cecropia, the principal food source of A. alfari. Hence hostility appears to be the result of territoriality. Differences in their foraging rhythms are proposed as promoting resource and territory partitioning in this ant assemblage.
Address [McClure, Melanie] Concordia Univ, Dept Biol, Montreal, PQ H4B 1R6, Canada, Email: m_mcclur@alcor.concordia.ca
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1631-0691 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes ISI:000259290200004 Approved no
Call Number EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ Serial 130
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Author Wagner, F.; Rutishauser, E.; Blanc, L.; Herault, B.
Title Effects of Plot Size and Census Interval on Descriptors of Forest Structure and Dynamics Type Journal Article
Year 2010 Publication Biotropica Abbreviated Journal Biotropica
Volume 42 Issue 6 Pages (up) 664-671
Keywords Amazonia; biomass fluxes; coefficient of variation; forest permanent plots; turnover rates; WinBUGS
Abstract This study was designed to explicitly formulate the effect of census interval and plot size on the variability of descriptors of tropical forest structure (stand density, basal area, aboveground biomass [AGB]) and dynamic (tree growth, mortality and recruitment rates, biomass fluxes). A unique dataset from a broad plot network (37.5 ha) surveyed every 2 yr over a 16-yr period was used to develop and parameterize a new statistical model predicting the coefficients of variation for each forest descriptor. More than 90 percent of the inherent variability of these coefficients was predicted using a simple model including plot size and census interval in a Bayesian modeling framework. All descriptors of forest structure varied by <10 percent for plot sizes 42 ha. Among the descriptors of forest dynamics, AGB loss was the most variable. The number of 6.25 ha plots required to estimate its mean, over a 16-yr period, within a 20 percent error of the mean remains above four. This contrasts with a relative constant flux of biomass entering the plot through tree growth and tree recruitment. Tree growth was remarkably well estimated with <15 percent variability for a 2-yr census in a plot of 2 ha. This study provides an easy method to assess dataset limitations in efforts to estimate descriptors of forest structure and dynamic, which is of primary importance to decipher any clear consequences of global change in tropical forests.
Address [Wagner, Fabien; Herault, Bruno] Univ Antilles Guyane, UMR Ecol Forets Guyane, Kourou 97379, French Guiana, Email: bruno.herault@ecofog.gf
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0006-3606 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes ISI:000283949700006 Approved no
Call Number EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ Serial 16
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Author Clair, B.; Jaouen, G.; Beauchene, J.; Fournier, M.
Title Mapping radial, tangential and longitudinal shrinkages and relation to tension wood in discs of the tropical tree Symphonia globulifera Type Journal Article
Year 2003 Publication Holzforschung Abbreviated Journal Holzforschung
Volume 57 Issue 6 Pages (up) 665-671
Keywords drying shrinkage; tension wood; Symphonia globulifera L. f.
Abstract A method for measuring shrinkage resulting from drying in the three anisotropic directions is developed and tested. Measurements are performed on sawn discs, a technique which simplifies preparation and enables large numbers of measurements. Shrinkage values can be represented as a map of the disc surface. The results indicate that comparisons between shrinkage distribution and tension wood distribution on the discs show a clear relationship and can be measured with relatively high accuracy in reference to the shrinkage map. In the long term, this method could be useful in the timber industry as a means for choosing the direction in which logs are cut depending on their type of wood composition.
Address CIRAD ENGREF INRA, UMR Ecol Forets Guyane, Kourou 97379, French Guiana
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher WALTER DE GRUYTER & CO Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0018-3830 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes ISI:000186257800016 Approved no
Call Number EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ Serial 243
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Author Martos, F.; Dulormne, M.; Pailler, T.; Bonfante, P.; Faccio, A.; Fournel, J.; Dubois, M.-P.; Selosse, M.-A.
Title Independent recruitment of saprotrophic fungi as mycorrhizal partners by tropical achlorophyllous orchids Type Journal Article
Year 2009 Publication New Phytologist Abbreviated Journal New Phytologist
Volume 184 Issue 3 Pages (up) 668-681
Keywords Mycoheterotrophy; Mycorrhizas; Orchids; Rainforests; Saprotrophic fungi; Stable isotopes
Abstract Mycoheterotrophic orchids have adapted to shaded forest understory by shifting to achlorophylly and receiving carbon from their mycorrhizal fungi. In temperate forests, they associate in a highly specific way with fungi forming ectomycorrhizas on nearby trees, and exploiting tree photosynthates. However, many rainforests lack ectomycorrhizal fungi, and there is evidence that some tropical Asiatic species associate with saprotrophic fungi. To investigate this in different geographic and phylogenetic contexts, we identified the mycorrhizal fungi supporting two tropical mycoheterotrophic orchids from Mascarene (Indian Ocean) and Caribbean islands. We tested their possible carbon sources by measuring natural nitrogen (15N) and carbon (13C) abundances. Saprotrophic basidiomycetes were found: Gastrodia similis associates with a wood-decaying Resinicium (Hymenochaetales); Wullschlaegelia aphylla associates with both litter-decaying Gymnopus and Mycena species, whose rhizomorphs link orchid roots to leaf litter. The 15N and 13C abundances make plausible food chains from dead wood to G. similis and from dead leaves to W. aphylla. We propose that temperature and moisture in rainforests, but not in most temperate forests, may favour sufficient saprotrophic activity to support development of mycoheterotrophs. By enlarging the spectrum of mycorrhizal fungi and the level of specificity in mycoheterotrophic orchids, this study provides new insights on orchid and mycorrhizal biology in the tropics. © 2009 New Phytologist.
Address Dipartimento di Biologia Vegetale dell'Università, Istituto per la Protezione Delle Piante – CNR, Viale Mattioli 25, I-10125 Torino, Italy
Corporate Author Thesis
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Notes Cited By :65; Export Date: 7 February 2017 Approved no
Call Number EcoFoG @ webmaster @ Serial 728
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