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Audigeos, D.; Brousseau, L.; Traissac, S.; Scotti-Saintagne, C.; Scotti, I. |
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Title |
Molecular divergence in tropical tree populations occupying environmental mosaics |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2013 |
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Journal of Evolutionary Biology |
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26 |
Issue |
3 |
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529-544 |
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Candidate genes; Drought; Eperua falcata; Flooding; Neotropics; Outlier loci; Tree genetics |
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Unveiling the genetic basis of local adaptation to environmental variation is a major goal in molecular ecology. In rugged landscapes characterized by environmental mosaics, living populations and communities can experience steep ecological gradients over very short geographical distances. In lowland tropical forests, interspecific divergence in edaphic specialization (for seasonally flooded bottomlands and seasonally dry terra firme soils) has been proven by ecological studies on adaptive traits. Some species are nevertheless capable of covering the entire span of the gradient; intraspecific variation for adaptation to contrasting conditions may explain the distribution of such ecological generalists. We investigated whether local divergence happens at small spatial scales in two stands of Eperua falcata (Fabaceae), a widespread tree species of the Guiana Shield. We investigated Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNP) and sequence divergence as well as spatial genetic structure (SGS) at four genes putatively involved in stress response and three genes with unknown function. Significant genetic differentiation was observed among sub-populations within stands, and eight SNP loci showed patterns compatible with disruptive selection. SGS analysis showed genetic turnover along the gradients at three loci, and at least one haplotype was found to be in repulsion with one habitat. Taken together, these results suggest genetic differentiation at small spatial scale in spite of gene flow. We hypothesize that heterogeneous environments may cause molecular divergence, possibly associated to local adaptation in E. falcata. © 2012 European Society For Evolutionary Biology. |
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AgroParisTech-ENGREF, UMR 0745, EcoFoG ('Ecologie des forêts de Guyane'), Campus Agronomique, Kourou, French Guiana, France |
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Export Date: 28 February 2013; Source: Scopus |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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472 |
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Roux, O.; Vantaux, A.; Petitclerc, F.; Orivel, J.; Dejean, A.; Billen, J. |
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Structural adaptations and mechanism of reflex bleeding in the larvae of the myrmecophilous ladybird Diomus thoracicus |
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Journal Article |
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2017 |
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Arthropod Structure and Development |
Abbreviated Journal |
Arthropod Structure and Development |
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46 |
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4 |
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529-536 |
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3D reconstruction; Coccinellidae; Myrmecophagous insect; Reflex bleeding; Ultrastructure |
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Reflex bleeding is an effective defensive mechanism against predators. When attacked, some insects emit hemolymph, which coagulates, quickly entangling their aggressor. Bleeding occurs at weak intersegmental membranes or through dedicated organs, which can be associated or not with glandular cells. Here, we describe the behavior and morphological structures involved in reflex bleeding in the larvae of the ladybird, Diomus thoracicus, which are intranidal parasites of the ant Wasmannia auropunctata. The larvae are tolerated by the ants thanks to odor mimicry, but some rare aggressive ant behaviors were observed that trigger reflex bleeding both at a pair of thoracic tubercles and a pair of posterodorsal abdominal humps. No glandular structure was found in association with these emission points, which suggests that the material emitted was hemolymph only. A 3D reconstruction suggested that reflex bleeding seems to be controlled by muscles whose contraction increases the internal hydrostatic pressure and pushes the hemolymph into a funnel-like structure with an opening to the outside. In D. thoracicus, the morphological structures involved in reflex bleeding are among the most complex and prominent described to date. © 2017 Elsevier Ltd |
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KU Leuven, Zoological Institute, Naamsestraat 59, box 2466, Leuven, Belgium |
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Export Date: 18 December 2017 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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778 |
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Roux, O.; Le Lann, C.; van Alphen, J.J.M.; van Baaren, J. |
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How does heat shock affect the life history traits of adults and progeny of the aphid parasitoid Aphidius avenae (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae)? |
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Journal Article |
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2010 |
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Bulletin of Entomological Research |
Abbreviated Journal |
Bull. Entomol. Res. |
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100 |
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5 |
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543-549 |
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developmental rate; fecundity; heat stress; longevity; sex-specific effect; parasitic wasp |
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Because insects are ectotherms, their physiology, behaviour and fitness are influenced by the ambient temperature. Any changes in environmental temperatures may impact the fitness and life history traits of insects and, thus, affect population dynamics. Here, we experimentally tested the impact of heat shock on the fitness and life history traits of adults of the aphid parasitoid Aphidius avenae and on the later repercussions for their progeny. Our results show that short exposure (1h) to an elevated temperature (36 degrees C), which is frequently experienced by parasitoids during the summer, resulted in high mortality rates in a parasitoid population and strongly affected the fitness of survivors by drastically reducing reproductive output and triggering a sex-dependent effect on lifespan. Heat stress resulted in greater longevity in surviving females and in shorter longevity in surviving males in comparison with untreated individuals. Viability and the developmental rates of progeny were also affected in a sex-dependent manner. These results underline the ecological importance of the thermal stress response of parasitoid species, not only for survival, but also for maintaining reproductive activities. |
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[Roux, O.] Univ Toulouse 3, Lab Ecol Fonct, UMR 5245 CNRS UPS INPT, F-31062 Toulouse 04, France, Email: oroux@cict.fr |
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CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS |
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0007-4853 |
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ISI:000282077700005 |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
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42 |
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Christensen-Dalsgaard, K.K.; Ennos, A.R.; Fournier, M. |
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Are radial changes in vascular anatomy mechanically induced or an ageing process? Evidence from observations on buttressed tree root systems |
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2008 |
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Trees-Structure and Function |
Abbreviated Journal |
Trees-Struct. Funct. |
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22 |
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4 |
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543-550 |
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wood; anatomy; mechanical loading; tree development; vessels |
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To investigate the effect of changes in mechanical loading conditions on radial anatomical patterns, we here compare the trunk with the roots in two locations of three species of buttressed trees. The proximal part of the buttress roots is highly mechanically loaded throughout juvenile growth whereas the distal part of the buttresses is though to be mechanically unimportant at formation but become progressively more mechanically loaded during growth. We measured the frequency and diameter of the vessels and the vessel area fraction, and from this calculated the specific conductivity of tissue samples of the core-, intermediate- and outer wood. As in previous studies there was an increase in vessel size, vessel area fraction and specific conductivity from the pith to the bark in the trunk. In the proximal part of the buttress roots, however, there was no increase in vessel size and conductivity from core wood and out in agreement with the high mechanical loading found here throughout growth. There was instead a decrease in vessel size, vessel area fraction and specific conductivity from core- to outer wood in the distal part of the buttress roots in accordance with the increase in mechanical loading. Hence, it appears that the radial anatomical patterns are not a passive function of cambial ageing but may be modified in response to local mechanical loading. |
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[Christensen-Dalsgaard, Karen K.] Univ Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E3, Canada, Email: kkchrist@ualberta.ca |
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SPRINGER |
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0931-1890 |
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ISI:000257385200014 |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
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136 |
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Nicolini, E.; Beauchene, J.; De La Vallee, B.L.; Ruelle, J.; Mangenet, T.; Heuret, P. |
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Dating branch growth units in a tropical tree using morphological and anatomical markers: The case of Parkia velutina Benoist (Mimosoïdeae) |
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Journal Article |
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2012 |
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Annals of Forest Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ann. Forest Sci. |
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69 |
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5 |
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543-555 |
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Crown development; Deciduousness; Dendrochronology; French Guiana; Growth ring; Phenology; Tree architecture; Wood anatomy |
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• Context In tropical areas, studies based on the retrospective analysis of tree development have focused principally on growth ring research. The interpretation of primary growth markers is overlooked although it opens perspectives to provide long time-series on tree-crown development. • Aims This study focused on Parkia velutina, an emergent tree of neotropical rain forests. Our objectives were (1) to characterize the phenological cycle of this species, and (2) to identify temporally interpretable morphological and anatomical markers. • Methods We collected dominant branches in 14 adult trees and identified growth markers that limit longitudinal and radial increments. We coupled this approach with a 2-year phenological survey of 20 trees. • Results Leaf shedding, growth unit elongation and growth ring formation define the phenological cycle. At tree scale, this cycle is synchronous and affects all axes. At population scale, trees can be desynchronized. This cycle is annual despite some slight variability. Successive growth units and growth rings are easily identifiable. • Conclusion Dating a branch by counting the number of growth units or growth rings is possible in many years with a reasonable error. Nevertheless, estimating their precise month of formation in order to study climatic influences remains difficult. © INRA/Springer-Verlag France 2012. |
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INRA, UMR AMAP, TA A-51/PS2, Montpellier 34398, France |
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12864560 (Issn) |
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Export Date: 27 September 2012; Source: Scopus; Coden: Afosf; doi: 10.1007/s13595-011-0172-1; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: Nicolini, E.; Unité Mixte de Recherche CIRAD-CNRS-INRA-IRD-Université Montpellier 2, BotAnique et BioinforMatique de l'Architecture des Plantes (AMAP), BP 701, Kourou 97387, French Guiana; email: eric-andre.nicolini@cirad.fr |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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436 |
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Salvin, P.; Ondel, O.; Roos, C.; Robert, F. |
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Energy harvest with mangrove benthic microbial fuel cells |
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Journal Article |
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2015 |
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International Journal of Energy Research |
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Int J Energy Res |
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39 |
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4 |
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543-556 |
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Balancing circuit; Benthic microbial fuel cell; Efficiency; Energy harvesting |
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Benthic microbial fuel cells (BMFCs) are continuous electricity generators using electroactive microorganisms and organic matter from aquatic environment, respectively, as catalysts and substrate. In this paper, first a low-cost PVC-made structure is constructed to harvest electricity from mangrove environment located in French Guiana. An in situ BMFC has given power density of 30mW/m2 of the anodic surface area. This performance has been confirmed by experience in laboratory where inter-electrode distance and electrode surface area appeared to be power increasing factors. However, the output power of one BMFC is not used to supply real devices such as autonomous sensors. Second, to meet this expectation, in parallel and in series associations were considered. These associations were made in order to increase the output voltage and consequently the power, to reach levels that can supply small sensors (about 3V). Finally, to improve the performance of the series association and to avoid the voltage reversal phenomenon, a voltage balancing circuit was simulated and added to the series connections. With balancing method, the cell voltage of BMFCs can be equalized, and the performances can be improved. This allows an optimal energy harvesting and a better global efficiency of the set. |
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Université de Lyon, F-69622, Lyon, France, Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne; CNRS, UMR 5005, Laboratoire Ampère, 43, Boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918Villeurbanne, France |
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Export Date: 17 March 2015 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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586 |
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Chaves, C.L.; Degen, B.; Pakull, B.; Mader, M.; Honorio, E.; Ruas, P.; Tysklind, N.; Sebbenn, A.M. |
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Assessing the Ability of Chloroplast and Nuclear DNA Gene Markers to Verify the Geographic Origin of Jatoba (Hymenaea courbaril L.) Timber |
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Journal Article |
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2018 |
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Journal of Heredity |
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109 |
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5 |
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543-552 |
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forensics; illegal logging; nSSRs; SNPs; timber tracking; tropical trees |
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Deforestation-reinforced by illegal logging-is a serious problem in many tropical regions and causes pervasive environmental and economic damage. Existing laws that intend to reduce illegal logging need efficient, fraud resistant control methods. We developed a genetic reference database for Jatoba (Hymenaea courbaril), an important, high value timber species from the Neotropics. The data set can be used for controls on declarations of wood origin. Samples from 308 Hymenaea trees from 12 locations in Brazil, Bolivia, Peru, and French Guiana have been collected and genotyped on 10 nuclear microsatellites (nSSRs), 13 chloroplast SNPs (cpSNP), and 1 chloroplast indel marker. The chloroplast gene markers have been developed using Illumina DNA sequencing. Bayesian cluster analysis divided the individuals based on the nSSRs into 8 genetic groups. Using self-assignment tests, the power of the genetic reference database to judge on declarations on the location has been tested for 3 different assignment methods. We observed a strong genetic differentiation among locations leading to high and reliable self-assignment rates for the locations between 50% to 100% (average of 88%). Although all 3 assignment methods came up with similar mean self-assignment rates, there were differences for some locations linked to the level of genetic diversity, differentiation, and heterozygosity. Our results show that the nuclear and chloroplast gene markers are effective to be used for a genetic certification system and can provide national and international authorities with a robust tool to confirm legality of timber. © 2018 The American Genetic Association. All rights reserved. |
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Instituto Florestal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil |
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Export Date: 1 September 2018 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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817 |
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Patino, S.; Lloyd, J.; Paiva, R.; Baker, T.R.; Quesada, C.A.; Mercado, L.M.; Schmerler, J.; Schwarz, M.; Santos, A.J.B.; Aguilar, A.; Czimczik, C.I.; Gallo, J.; Horna, V.; Hoyos, E.J.; Jimenez, E.M.; Palomino, W.; Peacock, J.; Pena-Cruz, A.; Sarmiento, C.; Sota, A.; Turriago, J.D.; Villanueva, B.; Vitzthum, P.; Alvarez, E.; Arroyo, L.; Baraloto, C.; Bonal, D.; Chave, J.; Costa, A.C.L.; Herrera, R.; Higuchi, N.; Killeen, T.; Leal, E.; Luizao, F.; Meir, P.; Monteagudo, A.; Neil, D.; Nunez-Vargas, P.; Penuela, M.C.; Pitman, N.; Priante, N.; Prieto, A.; Panfil, S.N.; Rudas, A.; Salomao, R.; Silva, N.; Silveira, M.; deAlmeida, S.S.; Torres-Lezama, A.; Vasquez-Martinez, R.; Vieira, I.; Malhi, Y.; Phillips, O.L. |
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Branch xylem density variations across the Amazon Basin |
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2009 |
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Biogeosciences |
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Biogeosciences |
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6 |
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4 |
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545-568 |
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Xylem density is a physical property of wood that varies between individuals, species and environments. It reflects the physiological strategies of trees that lead to growth, survival and reproduction. Measurements of branch xylem density, rho(x), were made for 1653 trees representing 598 species, sampled from 87 sites across the Amazon basin. Measured values ranged from 218 kg m(-3) for a Cordia sagotii (Boraginaceae) from Mountagne de Tortue, French Guiana to 1130 kg m(-3) for an Aiouea sp. (Lauraceae) from Caxiuana, Central Para, Brazil. Analysis of variance showed significant differences in average rho(x) across regions and sampled plots as well as significant differences between families, genera and species. A partitioning of the total variance in the dataset showed that species identity (family, genera and species) accounted for 33% with environment (geographic location and plot) accounting for an additional 26%; the remaining “residual” variance accounted for 41% of the total variance. Variations in plot means, were, however, not only accountable by differences in species composition because xylem density of the most widely distributed species in our dataset varied systematically from plot to plot. Thus, as well as having a genetic component, branch xylem density is a plastic trait that, for any given species, varies according to where the tree is growing in a predictable manner. Within the analysed taxa, exceptions to this general rule seem to be pioneer species belonging for example to the Urticaceae whose branch xylem density is more constrained than most species sampled in this study. These patterns of variation of branch xylem density across Amazonia suggest a large functional diversity amongst Amazonian trees which is not well understood. |
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[Patino, S.; Aguilar, A.; Jimenez, E. M.; Vitzthum, P.; Penuela, M. C.] Univ Nacl Colombia, Inst Amazonico Invest Imani, Grp Ecol Ecosistemas Terrestres Trop, Leticia, Amazonas, Colombia, Email: sanpatiga@gmail.com |
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1726-4170 |
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ISI:000265743200004 |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
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115 |
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Arranz, S.E.; Avarre, J.-C.; Balasundaram, C.; Bouza, C.; Calcaterra, N.B.; Cezilly, F.; Chen, S.-L.; Cipriani, G.; Cruz, V.P.; D'Esposito, D.; Daniel, C.; Dejean, A.; Dharaneedharan, S.; Díaz, J.; Du, M.; Durand, J.-D.; Dziadek, J.; Foresti, F.; Peng-Cheng, F.; Gao, Q.-B.; García, G.; Gauffre-Autelin, P.; Giovino, A.; Goswami, M.; Guarino, C.; Guerra-Varela, J.; Gutiérrez, V.; Harris, D.J.; Heo, M.-S.; Khan, G.; Kim, M.; Lakra, W.S.; Lauth, J.; Leclercq, P.; Lee, J.; Lee, S.-H.; Lee, S.; Lee, T.; Li, Y.-H.; Liu, H.; Liu, S.; Malé, P.-J.G.; Mandhan, R.P.; Martinez, P.; Mayer, V.E.; Mendel, J.; Mendes, N.J.; Mendonça, F.F.; Minias, A.; Minias, P.; Oh, K.-S.; Oliveira, C.; Orivel, J.; Orsini, L.; Pardo, B.G.; Perera, A.; Procaccini, G.; Rato, C.; Ríos, N.; Scibetta, S.; Sharma, B.S.; Sierens, T.; Singh, A.; Terer, T.; Triest, L.; Urbánková, S.; Vera, M.; Villanova, G.V.; Voglmayr, H.; Vyskočilová, M.; Wang, H.; Wang, J.-L.; Wattier, R.A.; Xing, R.; Yadav, K.; Yin, G.; Yuan, Y.; Yun, J.-C.; Zhang, F.-Q.; Zhang, J.-H.; Zhuang, Z. |
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Permanent Genetic Resources added to Molecular Ecology Resources Database 1 December 2012-31 January 2013 |
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2013 |
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Molecular Ecology Resources |
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Mol. Ecol. Resour. |
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13 |
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3 |
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546-549 |
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This article documents the addition of 268 microsatellite marker loci to the Molecular Ecology Resources Database. Loci were developed for the following species: Alburnoides bipunctatus, Chamaerops humilis, Chlidonias hybrida, Cyperus papyrus, Fusarium graminearum, Loxigilla barbadensis, Macrobrachium rosenbergii, Odontesthes bonariensis, Pelteobagrus vachelli, Posidonia oceanica, Potamotrygon motoro, Rhamdia quelen, Sarotherodon melanotheron heudelotii, Sibiraea angustata, Takifugu rubripes, Tarentola mauritanica, Trimmatostroma sp. and Wallago attu. These loci were cross-tested on the following species: Alburnoides fasciatus, Alburnoides kubanicus, Alburnoides maculatus, Alburnoides ohridanus, Alburnoides prespensis, Alburnoides rossicus, Alburnoides strymonicus, Alburnoides thessalicus, Alburnoides tzanevi, Carassius carassius, Fusarium asiaticum, Leucaspius delineatus, Loxigilla noctis dominica, Pelecus cultratus, Phoenix canariensis, Potamotrygon falkneri, Trachycarpus fortune and Vimba vimba. © 2013 Blackwell Publishing Ltd. |
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Key Laboratory of Eco-Environments of Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China |
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Export Date: 2 May 2013; Source: Scopus; :doi 10.1111/1755-0998.12095; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: Arranz, S.E.; Molecular Ecology Resources Editorial Office, 6270 University Blvd, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada; email: editorial.office@molecol.com |
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Roggy, J.C.; Nicolini, E.; Imbert, P.; Caraglio, Y.; Bosc, A.; Heuret, P. |
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Links between tree structure and functional leaf traits in the tropical forest tree Dicorynia guianensis Amshoff (Caesalpiniaceae) |
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2005 |
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Annals of Forest Science |
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Ann. For. Sci. |
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62 |
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6 |
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553-564 |
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Dicorynia guianensis; leaf structure; functional leaf traits; plasticity; tree structure |
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This study looked at the interactive effects of tree architectural stage of development (ASD) and light availability on different plant traits (growth parameters, leaf morpho-anatomy and photosynthetic capacities) in the tropical species Dicorynia guianensis. A qualitative architectural analysis was used to categorize tree individuals sampled along a natural light gradient. The results show that some traits could have an ASD-dependence at the whole plant and leaf level without control of light. The changes observed relate to vigour thresholds the plant has to reach to shift from one ASD to another (i.e., the number of nodes and the internodes length per Growth Unit). Light conditions do not modify these thresholds but may modify the time they are crossed. Tree height was found strongly modulated by light conditions; hence, at a similar height, individuals may belong to different ASD. At the functional level, a decrease in N-m, and A(maxm) was observed with increasing light availability, while N-a increased and A(maxa) remained unaffected. An ASD effect was also observed on Amaxa and LMA but not on Amaxm. These results demonstrated a weak ability of photosynthetic plasticity in response to light conditions, and that variations of leaf photosynthetic variables according to ASD can be explained by modifications in leaf nitrogen and LMA. Questions on the reliability of a height-based sampling strategy for evaluating the phenotypic plasticity of trees in relation to light conditions are raised. |
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INRA, Ecol Forets Guyane, ENGREF, UMR CIRAD, F-97387 Kourou, Guyane Francais, France, Email: roggy.j@cirad.fr |
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EDP SCIENCES S A |
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ISI:000232084400009 |
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