| Records |
| Author |
Soong, J.L.; Janssens, I.A.; Grau, O.; Margalef, O.; Stahl, C.; Van Langenhove, L.; Urbina, I.; Chave, J.; Dourdain, A.; Ferry, B.; Freycon, V.; Herault, B.; Sardans, J.; Peñuelas, J.; Verbruggen, E. |
| Title |
Soil properties explain tree growth and mortality, but not biomass, across phosphorus-depleted tropical forests |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Scientific reports |
Abbreviated Journal |
Sci Rep |
| Volume |
10 |
Issue |
2302 |
Pages |
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| Keywords |
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| Abstract |
We observed strong positive relationships between soil properties and forest dynamics of growth and mortality across twelve primary lowland tropical forests in a phosphorus-poor region of the Guiana Shield. Average tree growth (diameter at breast height) increased from 0.81 to 2.1 mm yr-1 along a soil texture gradient from 0 to 67% clay, and increasing metal-oxide content. Soil organic carbon stocks in the top 30 cm ranged from 30 to 118 tons C ha-1, phosphorus content ranged from 7 to 600 mg kg-1 soil, and the relative abundance of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi ranged from 0 to 50%, all positively correlating with soil clay, and iron and aluminum oxide and hydroxide content. In contrast, already low extractable phosphorus (Bray P) content decreased from 4.4 to <0.02 mg kg-1 in soil with increasing clay content. A greater prevalence of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in more clayey forests that had higher tree growth and mortality, but not biomass, indicates that despite the greater investment in nutrient uptake required, soils with higher clay content may actually serve to sustain high tree growth in tropical forests by avoiding phosphorus losses from the ecosystem. Our study demonstrates how variation in soil properties that retain carbon and nutrients can help to explain variation in tropical forest growth and mortality, but not biomass, by requiring niche specialization and contributing to biogeochemical diversification across this region. |
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Institut National Polytechnique Félix Houphouët-Boigny, Ivory CoastYamoussoukro, Cote d'Ivoire |
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NLM (Medline) |
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20452322 (Issn) |
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no |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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916 |
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| Author |
Birer, C.; Moreau, C.S.; Tysklind, N.; Zinger, L.; Duplais, C. |
| Title |
Disentangling the assembly mechanisms of ant cuticular bacterial communities of two Amazonian ant species sharing a common arboreal nest |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Molecular Ecology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Mol. Ecol. |
| Volume |
29 |
Issue |
7 |
Pages |
1372-1385 |
| Keywords |
ant gardens; bacterial communities; cuticular microbiome; insect cuticle; metabarcoding |
| Abstract |
Bacteria living on the cuticle of ants are generally studied for their protective role against pathogens, especially in the clade of fungus-growing ants. However, little is known regarding the diversity of cuticular bacteria in other ant host species, as well as the mechanisms leading to the composition of these communities. Here, we used 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing to study the influence of host species, species interactions and the pool of bacteria from the environment on the assembly of cuticular bacterial communities on two phylogenetically distant Amazonian ant species that frequently nest together inside the roots system of epiphytic plants, Camponotus femoratus and Crematogaster levior. Our results show that (a) the vast majority of the bacterial community on the cuticle is shared with the nest, suggesting that most bacteria on the cuticle are acquired through environmental acquisition, (b) 5.2% and 2.0% of operational taxonomic units (OTUs) are respectively specific to Ca. femoratus and Cr. levior, probably representing their respective core cuticular bacterial community, and (c) 3.6% of OTUs are shared between the two ant species. Additionally, mass spectrometry metabolomics analysis of metabolites on the cuticle of ants, which excludes the detection of cuticular hydrocarbons produced by the host, were conducted to evaluate correlations among bacterial OTUs and m/z ion mass. Although some positive and negative correlations are found, the cuticular chemical composition was weakly species-specific, suggesting that cuticular bacterial communities are prominently environmentally acquired. Overall, our results suggest the environment is the dominant source of bacteria found on the cuticle of ants. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons Ltd |
| Address |
Institut de Biologie de l’Ecole Normale Supérieure (IBENS), Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, PSL Université Paris, Paris, France |
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Blackwell Publishing Ltd |
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09621083 (Issn) |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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975 |
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Falkowski, M.; Jahn-Oyac, A.; Odonne, G.; Flora, C.; Estevez, Y.; Touré, S.; Boulogne, I.; Robinson, J.-C.; Béreau, D.; Petit, P.; Azam, D.; Coke, M.; Issaly, J.; Gaborit, P.; Stien, D.; Eparvier, V.; Dusfour, I.; Houël, E. |
| Title |
Towards the optimization of botanical insecticides research: Aedes aegypti larvicidal natural products in French Guiana |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Acta Tropica |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
201 |
Issue |
105179 |
Pages |
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| Keywords |
Amazonian chemodiversity; Chemical defense; Culicidae; Mosquito larvicides; Quasi-Poisson generalized linear model; Screening optimization |
| Abstract |
Natural products have proven to be an immeasurable source of bioactive compounds. The exceptional biodiversity encountered in Amazonia, alongside a rich entomofauna and frequent interactions with various herbivores is the crucible of a promising chemodiversity. This prompted us to search for novel botanical insecticides in French Guiana. As this French overseas department faces severe issues linked to insects, notably the strong incidence of vector-borne infectious diseases, we decided to focus our research on products able to control the mosquito Aedes aegypti. We tested 452 extracts obtained from 85 species originating from 36 botanical families and collected in contrasted environments against an Ae. aegypti laboratory strain susceptible to all insecticides, and a natural population resistant to both pyrethroid and organophosphate insecticides collected in Cayenne for the most active of them. Eight species (Maytenus oblongata Reissek, Celastraceae; Costus erythrothyrsus Loes., Costaceae; Humiria balsamifera Aubl., Humiriaceae; Sextonia rubra (Mez) van der Werff, Lauraceae; Piper hispidum Sw., Piperaceae; Laetia procera (Poepp.) Eichl., Salicaceae; Matayba arborescens (Aubl.) Radlk., Sapindaceae; and Cupania scrobitulata Rich., Sapindaceae) led to extracts exhibiting more than 50% larval mortality after 48 h of exposition at 100 µg/mL against the natural population and were considered active. Selectivity and phytochemistry of these extracts were therefore investigated and discussed, and some active compounds highlighted. Multivariate analysis highlighted that solvents, plant tissues, plant family and location had a significant effect on mortality while light, available resources and vegetation type did not. Through this case study we highlighted that plant defensive chemistry mechanisms are crucial while searching for novel insecticidal products. |
| Address |
INRS-Institut Armand Frappier, Groupe recherche en écologie microbienne, 531 boulevard des prairies, Laval, QC H7V 1B7, Canada |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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888 |
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Binelli, G.; Montaigne, W.; Sabatier, D.; Scotti-Saintagne, C.; Scotti, I. |
| Title |
Discrepancies between genetic and ecological divergence patterns suggest a complex biogeographic history in a Neotropical genus |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Ecology and Evolution |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ecology and Evolution |
| Volume |
10 |
Issue |
11 |
Pages |
4726-4738 |
| Keywords |
allopatric divergence; Amazon; Guiana Shield; interspecific gene flow; Myristicaceae; secondary contact; Virola |
| Abstract |
Phylogenetic patterns and the underlying speciation processes can be deduced from morphological, functional, and ecological patterns of species similarity and divergence. In some cases, though, species retain multiple similarities and remain almost indistinguishable; in other cases, evolutionary convergence can make such patterns misleading; very often in such cases, the “true” picture only emerges from carefully built molecular phylogenies, which may come with major surprises. In addition, closely related species may experience gene flow after divergence, thus potentially blurring species delimitation. By means of advanced inferential methods, we studied molecular divergence between species of the Virola genus (Myristicaceae): widespread Virola michelii and recently described, endemic V. kwatae, using widespread V. surinamensis as a more distantly related outgroup with different ecology and morphology—although with overlapping range. Contrary to expectations, we found that the latter, and not V. michelii, was sister to V. kwatae. Therefore, V. kwatae probably diverged from V. surinamensis through a recent morphological and ecological shift, which brought it close to distantly related V. michelii. Through the modeling of the divergence process, we inferred that gene flow between V. surinamensis and V. kwatae stopped soon after their divergence and resumed later, in a classical secondary contact event which did not erase their ecological and morphological differences. While we cannot exclude that initial divergence occurred in allopatry, current species distribution and the absence of geographical barriers make complete isolation during speciation unlikely. We tentatively conclude that (a) it is possible that divergence occurred in allopatry/parapatry and (b) secondary contact did not suppress divergence. © 2020 The Authors. Ecology and Evolution published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. |
| Address |
INRAE, URFM, Avignon, France |
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John Wiley and Sons Ltd |
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20457758 (Issn) |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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963 |
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| Author |
Schmitt, S.; Hérault, B.; Ducouret, É.; Baranger, A.; Tysklind, N.; Heuertz, M.; Marcon, É.; Cazal, S.O.; Derroire, G. |
| Title |
Topography consistently drives intra- and inter-specific leaf trait variation within tree species complexes in a Neotropical forest |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Oikos |
Abbreviated Journal |
Oikos |
| Volume |
129 |
Issue |
10 |
Pages |
1521-1530 |
| Keywords |
intraspecific variability; leaf traits; Paracou; species complex; syngameon; tropical forests; Bayesian analysis; coexistence; divergence; genetic variation; hierarchical system; leaf area; local adaptation; niche overlap; species diversity; topography; tropical forest; Guyana Shield |
| Abstract |
Tropical forests shelter the highest species diversity worldwide, although genus diversity is lower than expected. In the species-rich genera, species complexes are composed of closely-related species that share large amounts of genetic variation. Despite the key role of species complexes in diversification, evolution and functioning of ecological communities, little is known on why species complexes arise and how they are maintained in Neotropical forests. Examining how individual phenotypes vary along environmental gradients, within and among closely-related species within species complexes, can reveal processes allowing species coexistence within species complexes. We examined leaf functional trait variation with topography in a hyperdiverse tropical forest of the Guiana Shield. We collected leaf functional traits from 766 trees belonging to five species in two species complexes in permanent plots encompassing a diversity of topographic positions. We tested the role of topography on leaf functional trait variation with a hierarchical Bayesian model, controlling for individual tree diameter effect. We show that, mirroring what has been previously observed among species and communities, individual leaf traits covary from acquisitive to conservative strategy within species. Moreover, decreasing wetness from bottomlands to plateaus was associated with a shift of leaf traits from an acquisitive to a conservative strategy both across and within closely-related species. Our results suggest that intraspecific trait variability widens species’ niches and converges at species’ margins where niches overlap, potentially implying local neutral processes. Intraspecific trait variability favors local adaptation and divergence of closely-related species within species complexes. It is potentially maintained through interspecific sharing of genetic variation through hybridization. © 2020 Nordic Society Oikos. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd |
| Address |
INRAE, UMR EcoFoG (Agroparistech, CNRS, Cirad, Université des Antilles, Univ. de la Guyane), Kourou, French Guiana |
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Blackwell Publishing Ltd |
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00301299 (Issn) |
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no |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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950 |
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Gargallo-Garriga, A.; Sardans, J.; Granda, V.; Llusià, J.; Peguero, G.; Asensio, D.; Ogaya, R.; Urbina, I.; Van Langenhove, L.; Verryckt, L.T.; Chave, J.; Courtois, E.A.; Stahl, C.; Grau, O.; Klem, K.; Urban, O.; Janssens, I.A.; Peñuelas, J. |
| Title |
Different “metabolomic niches” of the highly diverse tree species of the French Guiana rainforests |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Scientific Reports |
Abbreviated Journal |
Sci. Rep. |
| Volume |
10 |
Issue |
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Pages |
6937 |
| Keywords |
article; ecological niche; French Guiana; metabolome; plant leaf; rainy season; reproduction; stress; tropical rain forest |
| Abstract |
Tropical rainforests harbor a particularly high plant diversity. We hypothesize that potential causes underlying this high diversity should be linked to distinct overall functionality (defense and growth allocation, anti-stress mechanisms, reproduction) among the different sympatric taxa. In this study we tested the hypothesis of the existence of a metabolomic niche related to a species-specific differential use and allocation of metabolites. We tested this hypothesis by comparing leaf metabolomic profiles of 54 species in two rainforests of French Guiana. Species identity explained most of the variation in the metabolome, with a species-specific metabolomic profile across dry and wet seasons. In addition to this “homeostatic” species-specific metabolomic profile significantly linked to phylogenetic distances, also part of the variance (flexibility) of the metabolomic profile was explained by season within a single species. Our results support the hypothesis of the high diversity in tropical forest being related to a species-specific metabolomic niche and highlight ecometabolomics as a tool to identify this species functional diversity related and consistent with the ecological niche theory. © 2020, The Author(s). |
| Address |
INRA, UMR EcoFoG, CNRS, Cirad, AgroParisTech, Université des Antilles, Université de Guyane, Kourou, 97310, France |
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Nature Research |
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20452322 (Issn) |
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no |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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930 |
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de Aguiar, H.J.A.C.; Barros, L.A.C.; Silveira, L.I.; Petitclerc, F.; Etienne, S.; Orivel, J. |
| Title |
Cytogenetic data for sixteen ant species from North-eastern Amazonia with phylogenetic insights into three subfamilies |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Comparative Cytogenetics |
Abbreviated Journal |
Comp. Cytogenet. |
| Volume |
14 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
43-60 |
| Keywords |
Biodiversity; Formicidae; Karyotype; Neotropical ants |
| Abstract |
Ants play essential roles in most terrestrial ecosystems and may be considered pests for agriculture and agroforestry. Recent morphological and molecular data have challenged conventional ant phylogeny and the interpretation of karyotypic variations. Existing Neotropical ant cytogenetic data focus on Atlantic rainforest species, and provide evolutionary and taxonomic insight. However, there are data for only 18 Amazonian species. In this study, we describe the karyotypes of 16 ant species belonging to 12 genera and three subfamilies, collected in the Brazilian state of Amapa, and in French Guiana. The karyotypes of six species are described for the first time, including that of the South American genus Allomerus Mayr, 1878. The karyotype of Crematogaster Lund, 1831 is also described for the first time for the New World. For other species, extant data for geographically distinct populations was compared with our own data, e.g. for the leafcutter ants Acromyrmex balzani (Emery, 1890) and Atta sexdens (Linnaeus, 1758). The information obtained for the karyotype of Dolichoderus imitator Emery, 1894 differs from extant data from the Atlantic forest, thereby highlighting the importance of population cytogenetic approaches. This study also emphasizes the need for good chromosome preparations for studying karyotype structure. |
| Address |
INRA, UMR EcoFoG, AgroParisTech, CIRAD, CNRS, Université de Guyane, Université des Antilles, Campus Agronomique, BP 316, Kourou Cedex, 97379, France |
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Pensoft Publishers |
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19930771 (Issn) |
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no |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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917 |
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Chave, J.; Piponiot, C.; Maréchaux, I.; de Foresta, H.; Larpin, D.; Fischer, F.J.; Derroire, G.; Vincent, G.; Hérault, B. |
| Title |
Slow rate of secondary forest carbon accumulation in the Guianas compared with the rest of the Neotropics |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Ecological Applications |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ecol. Appl. |
| Volume |
30 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
e02004 |
| Keywords |
biomass; carbon; forest; French Guiana; regeneration; secondary forests; tropics; accumulation rate; Bayesian analysis; biomass; carbon sequestration; chronosequence; fertility; old-growth forest; pioneer species; regeneration; secondary forest; Costa Rica; French Guiana; Guyana Shield; Goupia glabra; Laetia procera; Xylopia |
| Abstract |
Secondary forests are a prominent component of tropical landscapes, and they constitute a major atmospheric carbon sink. Rates of carbon accumulation are usually inferred from chronosequence studies, but direct estimates of carbon accumulation based on long-term monitoring of stands are rarely reported. Recent compilations on secondary forest carbon accumulation in the Neotropics are heavily biased geographically as they do not include estimates from the Guiana Shield. We analysed the temporal trajectory of aboveground carbon accumulation and floristic composition at one 25-ha secondary forest site in French Guiana. The site was clear-cut in 1976, abandoned thereafter, and one large plot (6.25 ha) has been monitored continuously since. We used Bayesian modeling to assimilate inventory data and simulate the long-term carbon accumulation trajectory. Canopy change was monitored using two aerial lidar surveys conducted in 2009 and 2017. We compared the dynamics of this site with that of a surrounding old-growth forest. Finally, we compared our results with that from secondary forests in Costa Rica, which is one of the rare long-term monitoring programs reaching a duration comparable to our study. Twenty years after abandonment, aboveground carbon stock was 64.2 (95% credibility interval 46.4, 89.0) Mg C/ha, and this stock increased to 101.3 (78.7, 128.5) Mg C/ha 20 yr later. The time to accumulate one-half of the mean aboveground carbon stored in the nearby old-growth forest (185.6 [155.9, 200.2] Mg C/ha) was estimated at 35.0 [20.9, 55.9] yr. During the first 40 yr, the contribution of the long-lived pioneer species Xylopia nitida, Goupia glabra, and Laetia procera to the aboveground carbon stock increased continuously. Secondary forest mean-canopy height measured by lidar increased by 1.14 m in 8 yr, a canopy-height increase consistent with an aboveground carbon accumulation of 7.1 Mg C/ha (or 0.89 Mg C·ha−1·yr−1) during this period. Long-term AGC accumulation rate in Costa Rica was almost twice as fast as at our site in French Guiana. This may reflect higher fertility of Central American forest communities or a better adaptation of the forest tree community to intense and frequent disturbances. This finding may have important consequences for scaling-up carbon uptake estimates to continental scales. |
| Address |
INPHB, Institut National Polytechnique Félix Houphouët-Boigny, Yamoussoukro, Cote d'Ivoire |
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Ecological Society of America |
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19395582 (Issn) |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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914 |
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Van Langenhove, L.; Janssens, I.A.; Verryckt, L.; Brechet, L.; Hartley, I.P.; Stahl, C.; Courtois, E.; Urbina, I.; Grau, O.; Sardans, J.; Peguero, G.; Gargallo-Garriga, A.; Peñuelas, J.; Vicca, S. |
| Title |
Rapid root assimilation of added phosphorus in a lowland tropical rainforest of French Guiana |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Soil Biology and Biochemistry |
Abbreviated Journal |
Soil Biol. Biochem. |
| Volume |
140 |
Issue |
107646 |
Pages |
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| Keywords |
Fertilization; Nitrogen; Phosphorus; Plant root simulator probes; Root system; Tropical forest; Nitrogen; Nitrogen fertilizers; Phosphorus; Plants (botany); Soils; Tropics; Fertilization; Mycorrhizal fungus; N and P fertilizer; P availabilities; Plant root simulators; Root system; Tropical forest; Tropical rain forest; Forestry; Fungi |
| Abstract |
Tree growth on weathered soils in lowland tropical forests is limited by low phosphorous (P) availability. However, nutrient manupulation experiments do not always increase the P content in these trees, which raises the question whether trees are taking up added P. In French Guianese lowland rainforest, we measured changes in nitrogen (N) and P availability before and up to two months after N and P fertilizer addition, in soils with intact root systems and in soils where roots and mycorrhizal fungi were excluded by root exclusion cylinders. When the root system was excluded, P addition increased P availability to a much greater extent and for a longer time than in soils with an intact root system. Soil N dynamics were unaffected by root presence/absence. These results indicate rapid P uptake, but not N uptake, by tree roots, suggesting a very effective P acquisition process in these lowland rainforests. |
| Address |
Global Change Research Institute, Czech Academy of Sciences, Czech Republic |
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Elsevier Ltd |
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00380717 (Issn) |
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Export Date: 19 November 2019; Coden: Sbioa; Correspondence Address: Van Langenhove, L.; Centre of Excellence PLECO (Plants and Ecosystems), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium; email: leandro.vanlangenhove@uantwerpen.be |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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897 |
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Vleminckx, J.; Bauman, D.; Demanet, M.; Hardy, O.J.; Doucet, J.-L.; Drouet, T. |
| Title |
Past human disturbances and soil fertility both influence the distribution of light-demanding tree species in a Central African tropical forest |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Journal of Vegetation Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Veg. Sci. |
| Volume |
31 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
440-453 |
| Keywords |
light-demanding species; moist tropical forests; past human disturbances; shade-bearer species; soil charcoal abundance; soil properties; tree community assemblages; wood-specific gravity; anthropogenic effect; forest canopy; forest ecosystem; shifting cultivation; soil fertility; soil property; tree; tropical forest; Cameroon |
| Abstract |
Questions: In vast areas of Central African forests, the upper canopy is presently dominated by light-demanding tree species. Here, we confront three hypotheses to explain this dominance: (a) these species have expanded their distribution because of widespread past slash-and-burn activities, as suggested by important charcoal amounts recorded in the soils of the region; (b) their abundance is rather explained by soil properties, as this guild establishes preferentially on favourable physico-chemical conditions for rapid growth; (c) soil properties have been substantially influenced by past human disturbances and those two effects cannot be disentangled. Location: Pallisco-CIFM logging concession, southeastern Cameroon (300,000 ha). Methods: We quantified soil charcoal abundance and measured ten soil variables at the basis of 60 target trees that belonged to a list of three long-living pioneer light-demanding (LLP) and four shade-bearer (SB) species. We identified all stems with a diameter at breast height (DBH) ≥ 20 cm within a distance of 15 m around each target tree. Species were characterised by their wood-specific gravity (WSG), which reflected their light requirement. Multiple regression models were used to quantify and test the relative effects of charcoal abundance and soil variables on the mean WSG of the 60 tree communities, as well as the abundance of three guilds: LLP, SB, and non-pioneer light demanders (NPLD). Results: The mean WSG was the only response variable significantly explained by soil variables and charcoal abundance combined. It was significantly negatively associated with soil calcium and Mg content and with charcoal abundance, with soil and charcoal influencing the mean WSG independently. Conclusion: Our study provides evidence that past human disturbances and soil fertility have independently promoted the establishment of light-demanding species in western Central African forests, thereby shedding light on tree community assembly rules in these ecosystems which remain considerably understudied compared to the tropical forests of other continents. © 2020 International Association for Vegetation Science |
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Forest is life, TERRA Teaching and Research Centre, Université de Liège – Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Gembloux, Belgium |
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Wiley-Blackwell |
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11009233 (Issn) |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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970 |
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