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Grangier, J.; Orivel, J.; Negrini, M.; Dejean, A. |
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Title |
Low intraspecific aggressiveness in two obligate plant-ant species |
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Journal Article |
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2008 |
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Insectes Sociaux |
Abbreviated Journal |
Insect. Soc. |
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55 |
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3 |
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238-240 |
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aggressiveness; Allomerus; myrmecophytes; plant-ants; recognition ability |
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Abstract  |
Little is known about the aggressiveness of plant-ants typically living in isolated trees nor about how that aggressiveness varies based on this isolation. Here, we examine intra- and interspecific aggressiveness between workers of two Allomerus species associated with two different myrmecophytes. In both cases, the level of intraspecific aggressiveness is very low whatever the distance separating the tested nests, while interspecific conflicts are always violent. Similar patterns of aggressiveness have been reported in various ant species, but the strictly arboreal life of Allomerus ants associated with the isolation of their adult colonies highlight different ecological conditions that might explain the lack of aggressiveness between conspecifics. |
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[Grangier, J.; Orivel, J.; Negrini, M.; Dejean, A.] Univ Toulouse 3, CNRS, UMR 5174, Lab Evolut & Diversite Biol, F-31062 Toulouse 9, France, Email: grangier@cict.fr |
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BIRKHAUSER VERLAG AG |
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0020-1812 |
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ISI:000258959300004 |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
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208 |
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Coq, S.; Weigel, J.; Butenschoen, O.; Bonal, D.; Hattenschwiler, S. |
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Title |
Litter composition rather than plant presence affects decomposition of tropical litter mixtures |
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Journal Article |
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2011 |
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Plant and Soil |
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Plant Soil |
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343 |
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1-2 |
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273-286 |
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Amazonian lowland rainforest; Belowground/aboveground interactions; Litter decomposition; Non-additive effect; Nitrogen dynamic; Plant-soil feedback |
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Abstract |
Litter decomposition is strongly controlled by litter quality, but the composition of litter mixtures and potential interactions with live plants through root activity may also influence decomposers. In a greenhouse experiment in French Guiana we studied the combined effects of the presence of tropical tree seedlings and of distinct litter composition on mass and nitrogen (N) loss from decomposing litter and on microbial biomass. Different litter mixtures decomposed for 435 days in pots filled with sand and containing an individual seedling from one of four different tree species. We found both additive and negative non-additive effects (NAE) of litter mixing on mass loss, whereas N loss showed negative and positive NAE of litter mixing. If litter from the two tree species, Platonia insignis and Goupia glabra were present, litter mixtures showed more positive and more negative NAE on N loss, respectively. Overall, decomposition, and in particular non-additive effects, were only weakly affected by the presence of tree seedlings. Litter mass loss weakly yet significantly decreased with increasing fine root biomass in presence of Goupia seedlings, but not in the presence of seedlings of any other tree species. Our results showed strong litter composition effects and also clear, mostly negative, non-additive effects on mass loss and N loss. Species identity of tree seedlings can modify litter decomposition, but these live plant effects remain quantitatively inferior to litter composition effects. |
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[Coq, Sylvain; Haettenschwiler, Stephan] CNRS, CEFE, F-34293 Montpellier 5, France, Email: sylvain.coq@gmail.com |
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Springer |
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0032-079x |
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ISI:000290688000020 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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320 |
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De Souza, F.C.; Dexter, K.G.; Phillips, O.L.; Brienen, R.J.W.; Chave, J.; Galbraith, D.R.; Gonzalez, G.L.; Mendoza, A.M.; Toby Pennington, R.; Poorter, L.; Alexiades, M.; Álvarez-Dávila, E.; Andrade, A.; Aragão, L.E.O.C.; Araujo-Murakami, A.; Arets, E.J.M.M.; Aymard C., G.A.; Baraloto, C.; Barroso, J.G.; Bonal, D.; Boot, R.G.A.; Camargo, J.L.C.; Comiskey, J.A.; Valverde, F.C.; De Camargo, P.B.; Di Fiore, A.; Elias, F.; Erwin, T.L.; Feldpausch, T.R.; Ferreira, L.; Fyllas, N.M.; Gloor, E.; Herault, B.; Herrera, R.; Higuchi, N.; Coronado, E.N.H.; Killeen, T.J.; Laurance, W.F.; Laurance, S.; Lloyd, J.; Lovejoy, T.E.; Malhi, Y.; Maracahipes, L.; Marimon, B.S.; Marimon-Junior, B.H.; Mendoza, C.; Morandi, P.; Neill, D.A.; Vargas, P.N.; Oliveira, E.A.; Lenza, E.; Palacios, W.A.; Peñuela-Mora, M.C.; Pipoly, J.J., III; Pitman, N.C.A.; Prieto, A.; Quesada, C.A.; Ramirez-Angulo, H.; Rudas, A.; Ruokolainen, K.; Salomão, R.P.; Silveira, M.; Stropp, J.; Steege, H.T.; Thomas-Caesar, R.; Van Der Hout, P.; Van Der Heijden, G.M.F.; Van Der Meer, P.J.; Vasquez, R.V.; Vieira, S.A.; Vilanova, E.; Vos, V.A.; Wang, O.; Young, K.R.; Zagt, R.J.; Baker, T.R. |
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Title |
Evolutionary heritage influences amazon tree ecology |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2016 |
Publication |
Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences |
Abbreviated Journal |
Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences |
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Volume |
283 |
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20161587 |
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Convergent evolution; Divergent selection; Phylogenetic signal; Trait; Tropical tree |
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Abstract |
Lineages tend to retain ecological characteristics of their ancestors through time. However, for some traits, selection during evolutionary history may have also played a role in determining trait values. To address the relative importance of these processes requires large-scale quantification of traits and evolutionary relationships among species. The Amazonian tree flora comprises a high diversity of angiosperm lineages and species with widely differing life-history characteristics, providing an excellent system to investigate the combined influences of evolutionary heritage and selection in determining trait variation. We used trait data related to the major axes of life-history variation among tropical trees (e.g. growth and mortality rates) from 577 inventory plots in closed-canopy forest, mapped onto a phylogenetic hypothesis spanning more than 300 genera including all major angiosperm clades to test for evolutionary constraints on traits. We found significant phylogenetic signal (PS) for all traits, consistent with evolutionarily related genera having more similar characteristics than expected by chance. Although there is also evidence for repeated evolution of pioneer and shade tolerant lifehistory strategies within independent lineages, the existence of significant PS allows clearer predictions of the links between evolutionary diversity, ecosystem function and the response of tropical forests to global change. © 2016 The Authors. |
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Department of Geography and the Environment, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States |
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Export Date: 17 January 2017 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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706 |
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Denis, T.; Richard-Hansen, C.; Brunaux, O.; Etienne, M.-P.; Guitet, S.; Herault, B. |
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Title |
Biological traits, rather than environment, shape detection curves of large vertebrates in neotropical rainforests |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2017 |
Publication |
Ecological Applications |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ecol Appl |
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Volume |
27 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
1564-1577 |
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Keywords |
abundance; camouflage; distance sampling; encounter rate; French Guiana; hunting vulnerability; line transect; Neotropical terra firme rainforests; relative abundance |
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Line transect surveys are widely used in Neotropical rainforests to estimate the population abundance of medium- and large-sized vertebrates. The use of indices such as encounter rate has been criticized because the probability of animal detection may fluctuate due to the heterogeneity of environmental conditions among sites. In addition, the morphological and behavioral characteristics (biological traits) of species affect their detectability. In this study, we compared the extent to which environmental conditions and species’ biological traits bias abundance estimates in terra firme rainforests in French Guiana. The selected environmental conditions included both physical conditions and forest structure covariates, while the selected biological traits included the morphological and behavioral characteristics of species. We used the distance sampling method to model the detection probability as an explicit function of environmental conditions and biological traits and implemented a model selection process to determine the relative importance of each group of covariates. Biological traits contributed to the variability of animal detectability more than environmental conditions, which had only a marginal effect. Detectability was best for large animals with uniform or disruptive markings that live in groups in the canopy top. Detectability was worst for small, solitary, terrestrial animals with mottled markings. In the terra firme rainforests that represent ~80% of the Amazonia and Guianas regions, our findings support the use of relative indices such as the encounter rate to compare population abundance between sites in species-specific studies. Even though terra firme rainforests may appear similar between regions of Amazonia and the Guianas, comparability must be ensured, especially in forests disturbed by human activity. The detection probability can be used as an indicator of species’ vulnerability to hunting and, thus, to the risk of local extinction. Only a few biological trait covariates are required to correctly estimate the detectability of the majority of medium- and large-sized vertebrates. Thus, a biological trait model could be useful in predicting the detection probabilities of rare, uncommon, or localized species for which few data are available to fit the detection function. |
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1939-5582 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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764 |
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Biwolé, A.B.; Dainou, K.; Fayolle, A.; Hardy, O.J.; Brostaux, Y.; Coste, S.; Delion, S.; Betti, J.L.; Doucet, J.-L. |
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Title |
Light Response of Seedlings of a Central African Timber Tree Species, Lophira alata (Ochnaceae), and the Definition of Light Requirements |
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Journal Article |
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2015 |
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Biotropica |
Abbreviated Journal |
Biotropica |
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47 |
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6 |
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681-688 |
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biomass allocation; Central Africa; light requirement: Lophira alata; population; relative growth rate; seedling growth; timber species; Afrique centrale; allocation de biomasse; besoins en lumière; croissance des semis; bois d'œuvre; Lophira alata; population; taux de croissance relatif |
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Light is of primary importance in structuring tropical tree communities. Light exposure at seedling and adult stages has been used to characterize the ecological profile of tropical trees, with many implications in forest management and restoration ecology. Most shade-tolerance classification systems have been proposed based on empirical observations in a specific area and thus result in contradictions among categories assigned to a given species. In this study, we aimed to quantify the light requirements for seedling growth of a Central African timber tree, Lophira alata (Ochnaceae), taking into account effects of population origin. In two controlled experiments: a light response experiment and a comparative population experiment, conducted in southwestern Cameroon, using seeds collected from four populations (three from Cameroon and one from Gabon), we examined the quantitative responses to irradiance of seedlings. After 2 years, mortality was very low (<3%), even in extremely low irradiance. Growth and biomass allocation patterns varied in response to light, with intermediate irradiance (24–43%) providing optimal conditions. Light response differed between populations. The Boumba population in the northeastern edge of the species' distribution exhibited the highest light requirements, suggesting a local adaptation. As a result of positive growth at low irradiance and maximum growth at intermediate irradiance, we concluded that L. alata exhibits characteristics of both non-pioneer and pioneer species. Implications of our results to propose an objective way to assign the light requirement for tropical tree species are discussed. |
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1744-7429 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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648 |
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Fayad, I.; Baghdadi, N.; Bailly, J.-S.; Barbier, N.; Gond, V.; Herault, B.; El Hajj, M.; Fabre, F.; Perrin, J. |
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Regional scale rain-forest height mapping using regression-kriging of spaceborne and airborne LiDAR data: Application on French Guiana |
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Journal Article |
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2016 |
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Remote Sensing |
Abbreviated Journal |
Remote Sensing |
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8 |
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3 |
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240 |
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Airborne LiDAR; Canopy height mapping; Forests; French Guiana; ICESat GLAS |
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LiDAR data has been successfully used to estimate forest parameters such as canopy heights and biomass. Major limitation of LiDAR systems (airborne and spaceborne) arises from their limited spatial coverage. In this study, we present a technique for canopy height mapping using airborne and spaceborne LiDAR data (from the Geoscience Laser Altimeter System (GLAS)). First, canopy heights extracted from both airborne and spaceborne LiDAR were extrapolated from available environmental data. The estimated canopy height maps using Random Forest (RF) regression from airborne or GLAS calibration datasets showed similar precisions (~6 m). To improve the precision of canopy height estimates, regression-kriging was used. Results indicated an improvement in terms of root mean square error (RMSE, from 6.5 to 4.2 m) using the GLAS dataset, and from 5.8 to 1.8 m using the airborne LiDAR dataset. Finally, in order to investigate the impact of the spatial sampling of future LiDAR missions on canopy height estimates precision, six subsets were derived from the initial airborne LiDAR dataset. Results indicated that using the regression-kriging approach a precision of 1.8 m on the canopy height map was achievable with a flight line spacing of 5 km. This precision decreased to 4.8 m for flight line spacing of 50 km. © 2016 by the authors. |
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BRGM, 3 Avenue Claude Guillemin, Orléans, France |
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Export Date: 22 April 2016 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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675 |
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Barabe, D.; Cuerrier, A.; Quilichini, A. |
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Botanical gardens: Between science and commercialization |
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2012 |
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Natures Sciences Societes |
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20 |
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3 |
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334-342 |
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Les jardins botaniques: Entre science et commercialisation. |
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Enseignante-chercheure en Écologie, CNRS, UMR8172 Icologie des Dorêts de Guyane, 97387 Kourou, France |
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Export Date: 3 January 2013; Source: Scopus |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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455 |
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Levionnois, Sébastien ; Ziegler, Camille ; Heuret, Patrick ; Jansen, Steven ; Stahl, Clément ; Calvet, Emma ; Goret, Jean-Yves ; Bonal, Damien ; Coste, Sabrina |
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Is vulnerability segmentation at the leaf‑stem transition a drought resistance mechanism? A theoretical test with a trait‑based model for Neotropical canopy tree species |
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Journal Article |
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2021 |
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Annals of Forest Science |
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78 |
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4 |
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78-87 |
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Neotropics, bark, canopy, capacitance, drought, drought tolerance, embolism, leaves, models, transpiration, trees, tropical rain forests, xylem |
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Leaf-stem vulnerability segmentation predicts lower xylem embolism resistance in leaves than stem. However, although it has been intensively investigated these past decades, the extent to which vulnerability segmentation promotes drought resistance is not well understood. Based on a trait-based model, this study theoretically supports that vulnerability segmentation enhances shoot desiccation time across 18 Neotropical tree species. CONTEXT: Leaf-stem vulnerability segmentation predicts lower xylem embolism resistance in leaves than stems thereby preserving expensive organs such as branches or the trunk. Although vulnerability segmentation has been intensively investigated these past decades to test its consistency across species, the extent to which vulnerability segmentation promotes drought resistance is not well understood. AIMS: We investigated the theoretical impact of the degree of vulnerability segmentation on shoot desiccation time estimated with a simple trait-based model. METHODS: We combined data from 18 tropical rainforest canopy tree species on embolism resistance of stem xylem (flow-centrifugation technique) and leaves (optical visualisation method). Measured water loss under minimum leaf and bark conductance, leaf and stem capacitance, and leaf-to-bark area ratio allowed us to calculate a theoretical shoot desiccation time (tcᵣᵢₜ). RESULTS: Large degrees of vulnerability segmentation strongly enhanced the theoretical shoot desiccation time, suggesting vulnerability segmentation to be an efficient drought resistance mechanism for half of the studied species. The difference between leaf and bark area, rather than the minimum leaf and bark conductance, determined the drastic reduction of total transpiration by segmentation during severe drought. CONCLUSION: Our study strongly suggests that vulnerability segmentation is an important drought resistance mechanism that should be better taken into account when investigating plant drought resistance and modelling vegetation. We discuss future directions for improving model assumptions with empirical measures, such as changes in total shoot transpiration after leaf xylem embolism. |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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1034 |
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Verryckt, L.T.; Ellsworth, D.S.; Vicca, S.; Van Langenhove, L.; Peñuelas, J.; Ciais, P.; Posada, J.M.; Stahl, C.; Coste, S.; Courtois, E.A.; Obersteiner, M.; Chave, J.; Janssens, I.A. |
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Can light-saturated photosynthesis in lowland tropical forests be estimated by one light level? |
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Journal Article |
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2020 |
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Biotropica |
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Biotropica |
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52 |
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6 |
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1183-1193 |
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canopy architecture; interspecific variation; light intensity; lowland environment; parameter estimation; photon flux density; photosynthesis; saturation; tropical forest; French Guiana |
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Leaf-level net photosynthesis (An) estimates and associated photosynthetic parameters are crucial for accurately parameterizing photosynthesis models. For tropical forests, such data are poorly available and collected at variable light conditions. To avoid over- or underestimation of modeled photosynthesis, it is critical to know at which photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) photosynthesis becomes light-saturated. We studied the dependence of An on PPFD in two tropical forests in French Guiana. We estimated the light saturation range, including the lowest PPFD level at which Asat (An at light saturation) is reached, as well as the PPFD range at which Asat remained unaltered. The light saturation range was derived from photosynthetic light-response curves, and within-canopy and interspecific differences were studied. We observed wide light saturation ranges of An. Light saturation ranges differed among canopy heights, but a PPFD level of 1,000 µmol m−2 s−1 was common across all heights, except for pioneer trees species that did not reach light saturation below 2,000 µmol m−2 s−1. A light intensity of 1,000 µmol m−2 s−1 sufficed for measuring Asat of climax species at our study sites, independent of the species or the canopy height. Because of the wide light saturation ranges, results from studies measuring Asat at higher PPFD levels (for upper canopy leaves up to 1,600 µmol m−2 s−1) are comparable with studies measuring at 1,000 µmol m−2 s−1. © 2020 The Association for Tropical Biology and Conservation |
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UMR 5174, Laboratoire Evolution et Diversité Biologique, CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France |
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Blackwell Publishing Ltd |
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00063606 (Issn) |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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948 |
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Coste, S.; Roggy, J.C.; Sonnier, G.; Dreyer, E. |
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Similar irradiance-elicited plasticity of leaf traits in saplings of 12 tropical rainforest tree species with highly different leaf mass to area ratio |
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Journal Article |
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2010 |
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Functional Plant Biology |
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Funct. Plant Biol. |
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37 |
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4 |
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342-355 |
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functional diversity; light availability; photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiency; photosynthetic capacity; tropical rainforest |
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Abstract |
Leaf traits of tropical tree species display an important inter-specific diversity, as detected for instance in the large range of values of leaf mass : area ratio (LMA). They also demonstrate a large irradiance-elicited plasticity, but there is still debate whether this plasticity differs among species. To address this question, leaf traits were recorded on saplings from 12 rainforest tree species in French Guiana, grown under approximately 5, 10 and 20% relative irradiance. Fifteen structural and physiological leaf traits related to photosynthesis were measured. The irradiance-elicited plasticity was quantified using a relative distance plasticity index. A large inter-specific diversity was detected for all leaf traits. A principal component analysis opposed species with a large mass-based photosynthesis, respiration, N content and photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiency, to species with a large leaf mass : area ratio, LMA. The two pioneer species used in this study displayed the largest photosynthetic capacity (and lowest LMA) and ranked at one end of the species continuum. Relative irradiance affected almost all traits with the exception of mass-based photosynthesis. A weak interaction was found between species and relative irradiance and the species ranking was maintained among relative irradiance treatments for the majority of the traits. A principal component analysis of the values of relative-distance plasticity index failed to reveal any consistent patterns of traits or species. We concluded that irradiance-elicited plasticity of leaf traits was similar among species irrespective of LMA and successional status, despite the occurrence of a large inter-specific diversity for the investigated traits. |
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[Dreyer, Erwin] Nancy Univ, INRA, UMR Ecol & Ecophysiol Forestieres 1137, IFR Ecosyst Forestiers Agroressources Biomol & Al, F-54280 Champenoux, France, Email: dreyer@nancy.inra.fr |
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CSIRO PUBLISHING |
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1445-4408 |
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ISI:000275979100009 |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
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63 |
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