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Rodrigues, A.M.S.; Stien, D.; Eparvier, V.; Espindola, L.S.; Beauchene, J.; Amusant, N.; Lemenager, N.; Baudasse, C.; Raguin, L. |
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Title |
The wood preservative potential of long-lasting Amazonian wood extracts |
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Journal Article |
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2012 |
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International Biodeterioration and Biodegradation |
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75 |
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146-149 |
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Durable wood extracts; Handroanthus serratifolius; Rotting fungi; Wood preservation |
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Abstract  |
Investigations were carried out on the efficacy of extracts from seven Amazonian woods (Bagassa guianensis, Manilkara huberi, Sextonia rubra, Vouacapoua americana, Andira surinamensis, Handroanthus serratifolius, and Qualea rosea) with varying natural durability to reduce soft-rot degradation in a 6-wk soil-bed test. Six of the wood extracts had shown efficacy against soft-rot fungi. In particular, the preservation efficacies of B. guianensis, H. serratifolius, and S. rubra extracts were highly significant up to retention levels of 23, 25, and 12 kg m-3, respectively. Three extracts (A. surinamensis, H. serratifolius, and Q. rosea) were then tested against Gloeophyllum trabeum (brown rot) and Trametes versicolor (white rot), in an agar-block test. H. serratifolius wood extract was very efficient at protecting P. sylvestris samples at 5.1 kg m-3 against the brown rot. This extract could be used as a basis for new wood protectant formulations. © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. |
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Laboratoire de Préservation, CIRAD, 73 rue JF Breton, Montpellier 34398, TA B 40-16, cedex 5, France |
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Export Date: 15 January 2013; Source: Scopus |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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457 |
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Duplais, C.; Papon, N.; Courdavault, V. |
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Title |
Tracking the Origin and Evolution of Plant Metabolites |
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Journal Article |
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2020 |
Publication |
Trends in Plant Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
Trends Plant Sci. |
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25 |
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12 |
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1182-1184 |
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enzyme evolution; iridoids; Lamiaceae; nepetalactone; plant metabolites |
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Iridoids are monoterpenes that are produced by various plants as chemical defense molecules. Lichman et al. recently described the timeline of molecular events that underpin the re-emergence of iridoid biosynthesis in an independent lineage of aromatic plants (catnip). This study represents a benchmark for studying enzyme and metabolite evolution in different clades across the tree of life. © 2020 Elsevier Ltd |
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Biomolécules et Biotechnologies Végétales (BBV) EA 2106, Université de Tours, Tours, France |
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Elsevier Ltd |
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13601385 (Issn) |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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937 |
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Coste, S.; Roggy, J.C.; Garraud, L.; Heuret, P.; Nicolini, E.; Dreyer, E. |
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Title |
Does ontogeny modulate irradiance-elicited plasticity of leaf traits in saplings of rain-forest tree species? A test with Dicorynia guianensis and Tachigali melinonii (Fabaceae, Caesalpinioideae) |
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Journal Article |
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2009 |
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Annals of Forest Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ann. For. Sci. |
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66 |
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7 |
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701-709 |
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Keywords |
plant architecture; phenotypic plasticity; photosynthetic capacity; leaf structure; tropical rain forest |
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Irradiance elicits a large plasticity in leaf traits, but little is known about the modulation of this plasticity by ontogeny. Interactive effects of relative irradiance and ontogeny were assessed on leaf traits for two tropical rainforest tree species: Dicorynia guianensis Amshoff and Tachigali melinonii (Harms) Barneby (Fabaceae, Caesalpinioideae). Eleven morphological and physiological leaf traits, relative to photosynthetic performance, were measured on saplings at three different architectural development stages (ASD 1, 2 and 3) and used to derive composite traits like photosynthetic N-use efficiency. Measurements were made along a natural irradiance gradient. The effect of ASD was very visible and differed between the two species. For Dicorynia guianensis, only leaf mass-per-area (LMA) significantly increased with ASDs whereas for Tachigali melinonii, almost all traits were affected by ASD: LMA, leaf N content and photosynthetic capacity increased from ASD 1 to ASD 3. Photosynthetic N-use-efficiency was not affected by ASD in any species. Leaf traits were severely modulated by irradiance, whereas the degree of plasticity was very similar among ASDs. Only few interactions were detected between irradiance and ASD, for leaf thickness, carbon content, and the ratio Chl/N in T. melinonii and for photosynthetic capacity in D. guianensis. We conclude that ontogenic development and irradiance-elicited plasticity modulated leaf traits, with almost no interaction, i.e., the degree of irradiance-elicited plasticity was stable across development stages and independent of ontogeny in these two species, at least in the early stages of development assessed here. |
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[Dreyer, Erwin] INRA, UMR Ecol & Ecophysiol Forestieres 1137, F-54280 Champenoux, France, Email: dreyer@nancy.inra.fr |
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EDP SCIENCES S A |
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1286-4560 |
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ISI:000270906600009 |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
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100 |
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Dejean, A.; Grangier, J.; Leroy, C.; Orivel, J.; Gilbernau, M. |
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Title |
Nest site selection and induced response in a dominant arboreal ant species |
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Journal Article |
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2008 |
Publication |
Naturwissenschaften |
Abbreviated Journal |
Naturwissenschaften |
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95 |
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9 |
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885-889 |
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ant-plant relationships; biotic defense; induced responses; predation |
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It is well known that arboreal ants, both territorially dominant species and plant ants (e.g., species associated with myrmecophytes or plants housing them in hollow structures), protect their host trees from defoliators. Nevertheless, the presence of an induced defense, suggested by the fact that the workers discovering a leaf wound recruit nestmates, is only known for plant ants. Based on the results from a field study, we show here (1) that colonies of Azteca chartifex, a territorially dominant, neotropical arboreal ant species, mostly selected Goupia glabra (Goupiaceae) trees in which to build their principal carton nests and (2) that plant signals induced workers to recruit nestmates, which patrol the leaves, likely providing the plant with a biotic defense. Furthermore, the number of recruited workers was clearly higher on G. glabra, their most frequently selected host tree species, than on other tree species. These results show that contrary to what was previously believed, induced responses are also found in territorially dominant arboreal ants and so are not limited to the specific associations between myrmecophytes and plant ants. |
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[Dejean, Alain] CNRS Guyane, UPS 5621, F-97300 Cayenne, France, Email: alain.dejean@wanadoo.fr |
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SPRINGER |
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0028-1042 |
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ISI:000258675700013 |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
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209 |
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Christensen-Dalsgaard, K.K.; Fournier, M.; Ennos, A.R.; Barfod, A.S. |
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Changes in vessel anatomy in response to mechanical loading in six species of tropical trees |
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Journal Article |
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2007 |
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New Phytologist |
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New Phytol. |
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176 |
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3 |
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610-622 |
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hydraulic architecture; hydraulic-mechanical trade-off; mechanical adaptation; rooting morphology; tropical trees; vascular anatomy |
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It is well known that trees adapt their supportive tissues to changes in loading conditions, yet little is known about how the vascular anatomy is modified in this process. We investigated this by comparing more and less mechanically loaded sections in six species of tropical trees with two different rooting morphologies. We measured the strain, vessel size, frequency and area fraction and from this calculated the specific conductivity, then measured the conductivity, modulus of elasticity and yield stress. The smallest vessels and the lowest vessel frequency were found in the parts of the trees subjected to the greatest stresses or strains. The specific conductivity varied up to two orders of magnitude between mechanically loaded and mechanically unimportant parts of the root system. A trade-off between conductivity and stiffness or strength was revealed, which suggests that anatomical alterations occur in response to mechanical strain. By contrast, between-tree comparisons showed that average anatomical features for the whole tree seemed more closely related to their ecological strategy. |
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Univ Manchester, Fac Life Sci, Manchester M60 1QD, Lancs, England, Email: karen@cd-mail.dk |
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BLACKWELL PUBLISHING |
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0028-646X |
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ISI:000250275000013 |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
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156 |
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Vleminckx, Jason ; Fortunel, Claire ; Valverde-Barrantes, Oscar ; Paine, C.E. Timothy ; Engel, Julien ; Petronelli, Pascal ; Dourdain, Aurélie K. ; Guevara, Juan ; Béroujon, Solène ; Baraloto, Christophier |
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Resolving whole-plant economics from leaf, stem and root traits of 1467 Amazonian tree species |
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Journal Article |
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2021 |
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Oikos |
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130 |
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7 |
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1193-1208 |
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It remains unclear how evolutionary and ecological processes have shaped the wide variety of plant life strategies, especially in highly diverse ecosystems like tropical forests. Some evidence suggests that species have diversified across a gradient of ecological strategies, with different plant tissues converging to optimize resource use across environmental gradients. Alternative hypotheses propose that species have diversified following independent selection on different tissues, resulting in a decoupling of trait syndromes across organs. To shed light on the subject, we assembled an unprecedented dataset combining 19 leaf, stem and root traits for 1467 tropical tree species inventoried across 71 0.1-ha plots spanning broad environmental gradients in French Guiana. Nearly 50% of the overall functional heterogeneity was expressed along four orthogonal dimensions, after accounting for phylogenetic dependences among species. The first dimension related to fine root functioning, while the second and third dimensions depicted two decoupled leaf economics spectra, and the fourth dimension encompassed a wood economics spectrum. Traits involved in orthogonal functional strategies, five leaf traits in particular but also trunk bark thickness, were consistently associated with a same gradient of soil texture and nutrient availability. Root traits did not show any significant association with edaphic variation, possibly because of the prevailing influence of other factors (mycorrhizal symbiosis, phylogenetic constraints). Our study emphasises the existence of multiple functional dimensions that allow tropical tree species to optimize their performance in a given environment, bringing new insights into the debate around the presence of a whole plant economic spectrum in tropical forest tree communities. It also emphasizes the key role that soil heterogeneity plays in shaping tree species assembly. The extent to which different organs are decoupled and respond to environmental gradients may also help to improve our predictions of species distribution changes in responses to habitat modification and environmental changes. |
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Nordic Society OIKOS |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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1030 |
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Dejean, A.; Corbara, B. |
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Reactions by army ant workers to nestmates having had contact with sympatric ant species |
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Journal Article |
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2014 |
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Comptes Rendus Biologies |
Abbreviated Journal |
C. R. Biol. |
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337 |
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11 |
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642-645 |
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Army ants Antipredation Colony-mate recognition Eciton Transferring cuticular compounds; Eciton; Formicidae |
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It was recently shown that Pheidole megacephala colonies (an invasive species originating from Africa) counterattack when raided by the army ant, Eciton burchellii. The subsequent contact permits Pheidole cuticular compounds (that constitute the “colony odour”) to be transferred onto the raiding Eciton, which are then not recognised by their colony-mates and killed. Using a simple method for transferring cuticular compounds, we tested if this phenomenon occurs for Neotropical ants. Eciton workers rubbed with ants from four sympatric species were released among their colony-mates. Individuals rubbed with Solenopsis saevissima or Camponotus blandus workers were attacked, but not those rubbed with Atta sexdens, Pheidole fallax or with colony-mates (control lot). So, the chemicals of certain sympatric ant species, but not others, trigger intra-colonial aggressiveness in Eciton. We conclude that prey-ant chemicals might have played a role in the evolution of army ant predatory behaviour, likely influencing prey specialization in certain cases. |
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Clermont Université, Université Blaise-Pascal, LMGE, BP 10448Clermont-Ferrand, France |
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Elsevier Masson SAS |
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16310691 (Issn) |
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Export Date: 12 November 2014; Coden: Crboc; Correspondence Address: Dejean, A.; CNRS, É Cologie des Forêts de Guyane, UMR-CNRS 8172, BP 316, France |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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566 |
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Foucaud, J.; Rey, O.; Robert, S.; Crespin, L.; Orivel, J.; Facon, B.; Loiseau, A.; Jourdan, H.; Kenne, M.; Masse, P.S.M.; Tindo, M.; Vonshak, M.; Estoup, A. |
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Thermotolerance adaptation to human-modified habitats occurs in the native range of the invasive ant Wasmannia auropunctata before long-distance dispersal |
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Journal Article |
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2013 |
Publication |
Evolutionary Applications |
Abbreviated Journal |
Evol. Appl. |
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6 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
721-734 |
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Adaptation; Heat shock; Invasive species; Natural selection and contemporary evolution; Thermotolerance |
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Key evolutionary events associated with invasion success are traditionally thought to occur in the introduced, rather than the native range of species. In the invasive ant Wasmannia auropunctata, however, a shift in reproductive system has been demonstrated within the native range, from the sexual non-dominant populations of natural habitats to the clonal dominant populations of human-modified habitats. Because abiotic conditions of human- modified habitats are hotter and dryer, we performed lab experiments on workers from a set of native and introduced populations, to investigate whether these ecological and genetic transitions were accompanied by a change in thermotolerance and whether such changes occurred before establishment in the introduced range. Thermotolerance levels were higher in native populations from human-modified habitats than in native populations from natural habitats, but were similar in native and introduced populations from human-modified habitats. Differences in thermotolerance could not be accounted for by differences in body size. A scenario based on local adaptation in the native range before introduction in remote areas represents the most parsimonious hypothesis to account for the observed phenotypic pattern. These findings highlight the importance of human land use in explaining major contemporary evolutionary changes. © 2013 The Authors. |
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Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States |
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17524563 (Issn) |
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Export Date: 5 June 2013; Source: Scopus; :doi 10.1111/eva.12058; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: Foucaud, J.; INRA, UMR1062 CBGP, Montpellier, France; email: foucaud@supagro.inra.fr |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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488 |
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Ziegler, C.; Coste, S.; Stahl, C.; Delzon, S.; Levionnois, S.; Cazal, J.; Cochard, H.; Esquivel-Muelbert, A.; Goret, J.-Y.; Heuret, P.; Jaouen, G.; Santiago, L.S.; Bonal, D. |
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Large hydraulic safety margins protect Neotropical canopy rainforest tree species against hydraulic failure during drought |
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Journal Article |
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2019 |
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Annals of Forest Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ann. Forest Sci. |
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76 |
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4 |
Pages |
115 |
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Amazon rainforest; Embolism resistance; Hydraulic safety margins; Turgor loss point; Water potential |
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Key message: Abundant Neotropical canopy-tree species are more resistant to drought-induced branch embolism than what is currently admitted. Large hydraulic safety margins protect them from hydraulic failure under actual drought conditions. Context: Xylem vulnerability to embolism, which is associated to survival under extreme drought conditions, is being increasingly studied in the tropics, but data on the risk of hydraulic failure for lowland Neotropical rainforest canopy-tree species, thought to be highly vulnerable, are lacking. Aims: The purpose of this study was to gain more knowledge on species drought-resistance characteristics in branches and leaves and the risk of hydraulic failure of abundant rainforest canopy-tree species during the dry season. Methods: We first assessed the range of branch xylem vulnerability to embolism using the flow-centrifuge technique on 1-m-long sun-exposed branches and evaluated hydraulic safety margins with leaf turgor loss point and midday water potential during normal- and severe-intensity dry seasons for a large set of Amazonian rainforest canopy-tree species. Results: Tree species exhibited a broad range of embolism resistance, with the pressure threshold inducing 50% loss of branch hydraulic conductivity varying from − 1.86 to − 7.63 MPa. Conversely, we found low variability in leaf turgor loss point and dry season midday leaf water potential, and mostly large, positive hydraulic safety margins. Conclusions: Rainforest canopy-tree species growing under elevated mean annual precipitation can have high resistance to embolism and are more resistant than what was previously thought. Thanks to early leaf turgor loss and high embolism resistance, most species have a low risk of hydraulic failure and are well able to withstand normal and even severe dry seasons. © 2019, The Author(s). |
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Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Ancon, Panama |
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Springer |
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12864560 (Issn) |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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901 |
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Leclerc, T.; Vimal, R.; Troispoux, V.; Périgon, S.; Scotti, I. |
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Life after disturbance (I): changes in the spatial genetic structure of Jacaranda copaia (Aubl.) D. Don (Bignonianceae) after logging in an intensively studied plot in French Guiana |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2015 |
Publication |
Annals of Forest Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
Annals of Forest Science |
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72 |
Issue |
5 |
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509-516 |
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Amazon; Bayesian clustering; Demogenetics; Guiana shield; Parentage analysis; Regeneration; Spatial genetic structure; Tropical rainforest |
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Key message: Forest disturbance affects the within-population distribution of genetic diversity, but not its overall levels, in a tropical pioneer tree species. In particular, clumps of related saplings with impoverished diversity are found in canopy gaps but not under forest cover. Context: Forest disturbances can have long-term consequences on the genetic structure of tree populations, because they can alter the demographic properties of the regeneration process and favour some subpopulations/genotypes, both by stochastic processes and by selection. Intermediate disturbances tend to favour species diversity, at least in highly diverse communities, but their effect on intra-specific diversity is unknown. Aims: In this study, we have looked at the genetic consequences of forest disturbance in a stand of the long-lived Neotropical pioneer species, Jacaranda copaia. Methods: The study site was experimentally logged in 1984, and the canopy gaps generated by the logging were mapped. Seedlings of J. copaia colonised the gaps, as expected, at a higher density than in the surrounding forest. In 2006, we exhaustively sampled all saplings and adult trees available in a 25-ha area. The samples were genotyped at nine microsatellite loci, and the distribution of genetic diversity was inspected by analyses of spatial autocorrelation, automated Bayesian assignment and comparisons of diversity between cohorts by bootstrap (RaBoT). Results: Spatial autocorrelation was found to extend farther in post-disturbance saplings than in the undisturbed population (100 m and beyond versus less than 50 m), and divergent clumps (F<inf>ST</inf> = 0.05) of related genotypes were found; genetic diversity was found to be impoverished in each clump relative to the global population at about half of the loci. Conclusion: Overall, our results suggest that forest disturbance has changed the patterns of distribution of genetic diversity, with potential consequences on long-term population viability. © 2015, INRA and Springer-Verlag France. |
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INRA, URFM « Ecologie des Forêts Méditerranéennes », Domaine de Saint-Paul, Avignon, France |
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Export Date: 16 July 2015 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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611 |
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