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| Author | Donald, J.; Maxfield, P.; Leroy, C.; Ellwood, M.D.F. | ||||
| Title | Epiphytic suspended soils from Borneo and Amazonia differ in their microbial community composition | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2020 | Publication | Acta Oecologica | Abbreviated Journal  |
Acta Oecol. |
| Volume | 106 | Issue | Pages | ||
| Keywords | Asplenium; Bacteria; Borneo; Bromeliaceae; Canopy; French Guiana; Fungi; Plfa; Rainforest; bacterium; community composition; epiphyte; fungus; microbial community; niche; relative abundance; soil microorganism; species diversity; tropical forest; Amazonia; Borneo; Danum Valley; East Malaysia; French Guiana; Malaysia; Nouragues; Sabah; Asplenium; Asplenium nidus; Aves; Bacteria (microorganisms); Bromeliaceae; Fungi | ||||
| Abstract | Microbial organisms support the high species diversity associated with tropical forests, and likely drive functional processes, but microorganisms found in rainforest canopies are not well understood. We quantified the microbial diversity of suspended soils from two classical epiphytic model systems (bromeliads & bird's nest ferns) across two localities: the Nouragues Reserve in French Guiana and Danum Valley in Malaysian Borneo. Non-epiphytic suspended soils were also collected as controls at the Nouragues Reserve. Effects of epiphyte type and sample location on microbial community composition were determined using Phospholipid Fatty Acid (PLFA) analysis. Total microbial biomass remained constant across the suspended soil types, but PLFA peaks denoting the relative abundance of different microbes varied between bromeliads, bird's nest ferns and non-epiphytic control soils. Suspended soils associated with bird's nest ferns from Borneo contained a microbial community significantly different in composition from those of congeneric bird's nest ferns from Amazonia, due to shifts in the relative abundance of fungi and bacteria. Our findings reveal that epiphytes create convergent niches for microorganisms in tropical canopies, while highlighting the sensitive nature of suspended soil microbial communities. © 2020 Elsevier Masson SAS | ||||
| Address | 20 Baily Place, Cheswick, Bristol, BS16 1BG, United Kingdom | ||||
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| Publisher | Elsevier B.V. | Place of Publication | Editor | ||
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| ISSN | 1146609x (Issn) | ISBN | Medium | ||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | EcoFoG @ webmaster @ | Serial | 959 | ||
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| Author | Falkowski, M.; Jahn-Oyac, A.; Odonne, G.; Flora, C.; Estevez, Y.; Touré, S.; Boulogne, I.; Robinson, J.-C.; Béreau, D.; Petit, P.; Azam, D.; Coke, M.; Issaly, J.; Gaborit, P.; Stien, D.; Eparvier, V.; Dusfour, I.; Houël, E. | ||||
| Title | Towards the optimization of botanical insecticides research: Aedes aegypti larvicidal natural products in French Guiana | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2020 | Publication | Acta Tropica | Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume | 201 | Issue | 105179 | Pages | |
| Keywords | Amazonian chemodiversity; Chemical defense; Culicidae; Mosquito larvicides; Quasi-Poisson generalized linear model; Screening optimization | ||||
| Abstract | Natural products have proven to be an immeasurable source of bioactive compounds. The exceptional biodiversity encountered in Amazonia, alongside a rich entomofauna and frequent interactions with various herbivores is the crucible of a promising chemodiversity. This prompted us to search for novel botanical insecticides in French Guiana. As this French overseas department faces severe issues linked to insects, notably the strong incidence of vector-borne infectious diseases, we decided to focus our research on products able to control the mosquito Aedes aegypti. We tested 452 extracts obtained from 85 species originating from 36 botanical families and collected in contrasted environments against an Ae. aegypti laboratory strain susceptible to all insecticides, and a natural population resistant to both pyrethroid and organophosphate insecticides collected in Cayenne for the most active of them. Eight species (Maytenus oblongata Reissek, Celastraceae; Costus erythrothyrsus Loes., Costaceae; Humiria balsamifera Aubl., Humiriaceae; Sextonia rubra (Mez) van der Werff, Lauraceae; Piper hispidum Sw., Piperaceae; Laetia procera (Poepp.) Eichl., Salicaceae; Matayba arborescens (Aubl.) Radlk., Sapindaceae; and Cupania scrobitulata Rich., Sapindaceae) led to extracts exhibiting more than 50% larval mortality after 48 h of exposition at 100 µg/mL against the natural population and were considered active. Selectivity and phytochemistry of these extracts were therefore investigated and discussed, and some active compounds highlighted. Multivariate analysis highlighted that solvents, plant tissues, plant family and location had a significant effect on mortality while light, available resources and vegetation type did not. Through this case study we highlighted that plant defensive chemistry mechanisms are crucial while searching for novel insecticidal products. | ||||
| Address | INRS-Institut Armand Frappier, Groupe recherche en écologie microbienne, 531 boulevard des prairies, Laval, QC H7V 1B7, Canada | ||||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | EcoFoG @ webmaster @ | Serial | 888 | ||
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| Author | Mirabel, A.; Hérault, B.; Marcon, E. | ||||
| Title | Diverging taxonomic and functional trajectories following disturbance in a Neotropical forest | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2020 | Publication | Science of The Total Environment | Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume | 720 | Issue | Pages | 137397 | |
| Keywords | Community ecology; Disturbance trajectories; Intermediate disturbance hypothesis; Mid-term resilience; Neotropical forests; Taxonomic and functional biodiversity | ||||
| Abstract | In the current global change context, it is urgent to anticipate the fate of tropical forests. This means understanding tree community response to disturbance and the underlying processes. In that respect, we aim here to clarify taxonomic and functional post-disturbance trajectories, and determine the scope of the Intermediate Disturbance Hypothesis (IDH) that remains debated in tropical forests. We analyzed community trajectories following a disturbance gradient from 10 to 60% of above-ground biomass loss in a Neotropical forest over 30 years. We considered trajectories along time of community taxonomic and functional trajectories in terms of richness, evenness, composition, and redundancy. We based on the annual botanical inventories of 75 ha of a Neotropical forest and on large trait datasets comprising seven leaf, stem, and life-history traits. We identified a decoupling between taxonomic composition, differing among communities, and functional composition, similar among communities and convergent in the functional space. The taxonomic diversity followed humped-shaped trajectories along time after disturbance depending on the initial disturbance intensity, which validated the IDH (Intermediate Disturbance Hypothesis). The functional diversity trajectories, however, were homogeneous among plots and dismissed the IDH. We explained this decoupling by the variations in community functional redundancy that mitigated the functional impact of disturbance. Although consistent, the recovery of community composition, diversity, and redundancy remained divergent from the initial state after 30 years. These results acknowledged the need of decades-long cycles without disturbance to ensure community complete recovery. | ||||
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| ISSN | 0048-9697 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | EcoFoG @ webmaster @ | Serial | 920 | ||
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| Author | Ramalho, M.O.; Duplais, C.; Orivel, J.; Dejean, A.; Gibson, J.C.; Suarez, A.V.; Moreau, C.S. | ||||
| Title | Development but not diet alters microbial communities in the Neotropical arboreal trap jaw ant Daceton armigerum: an exploratory study | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2020 | Publication | Scientific Reports | Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume | 10 | Issue | 1 | Pages | 7350 |
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| Abstract | To better understand the evolutionary significance of symbiotic interactions in nature, microbiome studies can help to identify the ecological factors that may shape host-associated microbial communities. In this study we explored both 16S and 18S rRNA microbial communities of D. armigerum from both wild caught individuals collected in the Amazon and individuals kept in the laboratory and fed on controlled diets. We also investigated the role of colony, sample type, development and caste on structuring microbial communities. Our bacterial results (16S rRNA) reveal that (1) there are colony level differences between bacterial communities; (2) castes do not structure communities; (3) immature stages (brood) have different bacterial communities than adults; and 4) individuals kept in the laboratory with a restricted diet showed no differences in their bacterial communities from their wild caught nest mates, which could indicate the presence of a stable and persistent resident bacterial community in this host species. The same categories were also tested for microbial eukaryote communities (18S rRNA), and (5) developmental stage has an influence on the diversity recovered; (6) the diversity of taxa recovered has shown this can be an important tool to understand additional aspects of host biology and species interactions. | ||||
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| ISSN | 2045-2322 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | EcoFoG @ webmaster @ Ramalho2020 | Serial | 929 | ||
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| Author | Levionnois, S.; Tysklind, N.; Nicolini, E.; Ferry, B.; Troispoux, V.; Le Moguedec, G.; Morel, H.; Stahl, C.; Coste, S.; Caron, H.; Heuret, P. | ||||
| Title | Soil variation response is mediated by growth trajectories rather than functional traits in a widespread pioneer Neotropical tree | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2020 | Publication | bioRxiv, peer-reviewed by Peer Community in Ecology | Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume | 351197 | Issue | v4 | Pages | |
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| Abstract | Trait-environment relationships have been described at the community level across tree species. However, whether interspecific trait-environment relationships are consistent at the intraspecific level is yet unknown. Moreover, we do not know how consistent is the response between organ vs. whole-tree level.We examined phenotypic variability for 16 functional leaf (dimensions, nutrient, chlorophyll) and wood traits (density) across two soil types, Ferralitic Soil (FS) vs. White Sands (WS), on two sites for 70 adult trees of Cecropia obtusa Trécul (Urticaceae) in French Guiana. Cecropia is a widespread pioneer Neotropical genus that generally dominates early successional forest stages. To understand how soil types impact resource-use through the processes of growth and branching, we examined the architectural development with a retrospective analysis of growth trajectories. We expect soil types to affect both, functional traits in relation to resource acquisition strategy as already described at the interspecific level, and growth strategies due to resource limitations with reduced growth on poor soils.Functional traits were not involved in the soil response, as only two traits-leaf residual water content and K content-showed significant differences across soil types. Soil effects were stronger on growth trajectories, with WS trees having the slowest growth trajectories and less numerous branches across their lifespan.The analysis of growth trajectories based on architectural analysis improved our ability to characterise the response of trees with soil types. The intraspecific variability is higher for growth trajectories than functional traits for C. obtusa, revealing the complementarity of the architectural approach with the functional approach to gain insights on the way trees manage their resources over their lifetime. Soil-related responses of Cecropia functional traits are not the same as those at the interspecific level, suggesting that the effects of the acting ecological processes are different between the two levels. Apart from soil differences, much variation was found across sites, which calls for further investigation of the factors shaping growth trajectories in tropical forests. | ||||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | EcoFoG @ webmaster @ | Serial | 931 | ||
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| Author | Sullivan, M.J.P.; Lewis, S.L.; Affum-Baffoe, K.; Castilho, C.; Costa, F.; Sanchez, A.C.; Ewango, C.E.N.; Hubau, W.; Marimon, B.; Monteagudo-Mendoza, A.; Qie, L.; Sonké, B.; Martinez, R.V.; Baker, T.R.; Brienen, R.J.W.; Feldpausch, T.R.; Galbraith, D.; Gloor, M.; Malhi, Y.; Aiba, S.-I.; Alexiades, M.N.; Almeida, E.C.; de Oliveira, E.A.; Dávila, E.Á.; Loayza, P.A.; Andrade, A.; Vieira, S.A.; Aragão, L.E.O.C.; Araujo-Murakami, A.; Arets, E.J.M.M.; Arroyo, L.; Ashton, P.; Aymard C., G.; Baccaro, F.B.; Banin, L.F.; Baraloto, C.; Camargo, P.B.; Barlow, J.; Barroso, J.; Bastin, J.-F.; Batterman, S.A.; Beeckman, H.; Begne, S.K.; Bennett, A.C.; Berenguer, E.; Berry, N.; Blanc, L.; Boeckx, P.; Bogaert, J.; Bonal, D.; Bongers, F.; Bradford, M.; Brearley, F.Q.; Brncic, T.; Brown, F.; Burban, B.; Camargo, J.L.; Castro, W.; Céron, C.; Ribeiro, S.C.; Moscoso, V.C.; Chave, J.; Chezeaux, E.; Clark, C.J.; de Souza, F.C.; Collins, M.; Comiskey, J.A.; Valverde, F.C.; Medina, M.C.; da Costa, L.; Dančák, M.; Dargie, G.C.; Davies, S.; Cardozo, N.D.; de Haulleville, T.; de Medeiros, M.B.; del Aguila Pasquel, J.; Derroire, G.; Di Fiore, A.; Doucet, J.-L.; Dourdain, A.; Droissant, V.; Duque, L.F.; Ekoungoulou, R.; Elias, F.; Erwin, T.; Esquivel-Muelbert, A.; Fauset, S.; Ferreira, J.; Llampazo, G.F.; Foli, E.; Ford, A.; Gilpin, M.; Hall, J.S.; Hamer, K.C.; Hamilton, A.C.; Harris, D.J.; Hart, T.B.; Hédl, R.; Herault, B.; Herrera, R.; Higuchi, N.; Hladik, A.; Coronado, E.H.; Huamantupa-Chuquimaco, I.; Huasco, W.H.; Jeffery, K.J.; Jimenez-Rojas, E.; Kalamandeen, M.; Djuikouo, M.N.K.; Kearsley, E.; Umetsu, R.K.; Kho, L.K.; Killeen, T.; Kitayama, K.; Klitgaard, B.; Koch, A.; Labrière, N.; Laurance, W.; Laurance, S.; Leal, M.E.; Levesley, A.; Lima, A.J.N.; Lisingo, J.; Lopes, A.P.; Lopez-Gonzalez, G.; Lovejoy, T.; Lovett, J.C.; Lowe, R.; Magnusson, W.E.; Malumbres-Olarte, J.; Manzatto, Â.G.; Marimon, B.H.; Marshall, A.R.; Marthews, T.; de Almeida Reis, S.M.; Maycock, C.; Melgaço, K.; Mendoza, C.; Metali, F.; Mihindou, V.; Milliken, W.; Mitchard, E.T.A.; Morandi, P.S.; Mossman, H.L.; Nagy, L.; Nascimento, H.; Neill, D.; Nilus, R.; Vargas, P.N.; Palacios, W.; Camacho, N.P.; Peacock, J.; Pendry, C.; Peñuela Mora, M.C.; Pickavance, G.C.; Pipoly, J.; Pitman, N.; Playfair, M.; Poorter, L.; Poulsen, J.R.; Poulsen, A.D.; Preziosi, R.; Prieto, A.; Primack, R.B.; Ramírez-Angulo, H.; Reitsma, J.; Réjou-Méchain, M.; Correa, Z.R.; de Sousa, T.R.; Bayona, L.R.; Roopsind, A.; Rudas, A.; Rutishauser, E.; Abu Salim, K.; Salomão, R.P.; Schietti, J.; Sheil, D.; Silva, R.C.; Espejo, J.S.; Valeria, C.S.; Silveira, M.; Simo-Droissart, M.; Simon, M.F.; Singh, J.; Soto Shareva, Y.C.; Stahl, C.; Stropp, J.; Sukri, R.; Sunderland, T.; Svátek, M.; Swaine, M.D.; Swamy, V.; Taedoumg, H.; Talbot, J.; Taplin, J.; Taylor, D.; ter Steege, H.; Terborgh, J.; Thomas, R.; Thomas, S.C.; Torres-Lezama, A.; Umunay, P.; Gamarra, L.V.; van der Heijden, G.; van der Hout, P.; van der Meer, P.; van Nieuwstadt, M.; Verbeeck, H.; Vernimmen, R.; Vicentini, A.; Vieira, I.C.G.; Torre, E.V.; Vleminckx, J.; Vos, V.; Wang, O.; White, L.J.T.; Willcock, S.; Woods, J.T.; Wortel, V.; Young, K.; Zagt, R.; Zemagho, L.; Zuidema, P.A.; Zwerts, J.A.; Phillips, O.L. | ||||
| Title | Long-term thermal sensitivity of Earth’s tropical forests | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2020 | Publication | Science | Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume | 368 | Issue | 6493 | Pages | 869-874 |
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| Abstract | A key uncertainty in climate change models is the thermal sensitivity of tropical forests and how this value might influence carbon fluxes. Sullivan et al. measured carbon stocks and fluxes in permanent forest plots distributed globally. This synthesis of plot networks across climatic and biogeographic gradients shows that forest thermal sensitivity is dominated by high daytime temperatures. This extreme condition depresses growth rates and shortens the time that carbon resides in the ecosystem by killing trees under hot, dry conditions. The effect of temperature is worse above 32°C, and a greater magnitude of climate change thus risks greater loss of tropical forest carbon stocks. Nevertheless, forest carbon stocks are likely to remain higher under moderate climate change if they are protected from direct impacts such as clearance, logging, or fires.Science, this issue p. 869The sensitivity of tropical forest carbon to climate is a key uncertainty in predicting global climate change. Although short-term drying and warming are known to affect forests, it is unknown if such effects translate into long-term responses. Here, we analyze 590 permanent plots measured across the tropics to derive the equilibrium climate controls on forest carbon. Maximum temperature is the most important predictor of aboveground biomass (−9.1 megagrams of carbon per hectare per degree Celsius), primarily by reducing woody productivity, and has a greater impact per °C in the hottest forests (>32.2°C). Our results nevertheless reveal greater thermal resilience than observations of short-term variation imply. To realize the long-term climate adaptation potential of tropical forests requires both protecting them and stabilizing Earth’s climate. | ||||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | EcoFoG @ webmaster @ | Serial | 932 | ||
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| Author | Mahoui,Sihem ; Moulay, Mohamed Said ; Omrane, Abdennebi | ||||
| Title | Finite element approach to linear parabolic pointwise control problems of incomplete data | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2020 | Publication | International Journal of Systems Science | Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume | 51 | Issue | 14 | Pages | 2597-2609 |
| Keywords | Optimal control problem ; low-regret control ; pointwise control ; finite element method ; a priori error estimates | ||||
| Abstract | In this paper we give a priori error estimates for finite element approximations of linear parabolicproblems with pointwise control and incomplete data. We discretise the optimal control problemby using piecewise linear and continuous finite elements for the space discretisation of the state,and we use the backward Euler scheme for time discretisation. We prove a priori error estimates forthe state, the adjoint-state as well as for the low-regret pointwise optimal control. | ||||
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| Publisher | TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD | Place of Publication | Editor | ||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | EcoFoG @ webmaster @ | Serial | 935 | ||
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