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Verryckt, L.T.; Ellsworth, D.S.; Vicca, S.; Van Langenhove, L.; Peñuelas, J.; Ciais, P.; Posada, J.M.; Stahl, C.; Coste, S.; Courtois, E.A.; Obersteiner, M.; Chave, J.; Janssens, I.A. |
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Title |
Can light-saturated photosynthesis in lowland tropical forests be estimated by one light level? |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Biotropica |
Abbreviated Journal  |
Biotropica |
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Volume |
52 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
1183-1193 |
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Keywords |
canopy architecture; interspecific variation; light intensity; lowland environment; parameter estimation; photon flux density; photosynthesis; saturation; tropical forest; French Guiana |
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Leaf-level net photosynthesis (An) estimates and associated photosynthetic parameters are crucial for accurately parameterizing photosynthesis models. For tropical forests, such data are poorly available and collected at variable light conditions. To avoid over- or underestimation of modeled photosynthesis, it is critical to know at which photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) photosynthesis becomes light-saturated. We studied the dependence of An on PPFD in two tropical forests in French Guiana. We estimated the light saturation range, including the lowest PPFD level at which Asat (An at light saturation) is reached, as well as the PPFD range at which Asat remained unaltered. The light saturation range was derived from photosynthetic light-response curves, and within-canopy and interspecific differences were studied. We observed wide light saturation ranges of An. Light saturation ranges differed among canopy heights, but a PPFD level of 1,000 µmol m−2 s−1 was common across all heights, except for pioneer trees species that did not reach light saturation below 2,000 µmol m−2 s−1. A light intensity of 1,000 µmol m−2 s−1 sufficed for measuring Asat of climax species at our study sites, independent of the species or the canopy height. Because of the wide light saturation ranges, results from studies measuring Asat at higher PPFD levels (for upper canopy leaves up to 1,600 µmol m−2 s−1) are comparable with studies measuring at 1,000 µmol m−2 s−1. © 2020 The Association for Tropical Biology and Conservation |
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UMR 5174, Laboratoire Evolution et Diversité Biologique, CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France |
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Blackwell Publishing Ltd |
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00063606 (Issn) |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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948 |
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Verryckt, L.T.; Van Langenhove, L.; Ciais, P.; Courtois, E.A.; Vicca, S.; Peñuelas, J.; Stahl, C.; Coste, S.; Ellsworth, D.S.; Posada, J.M.; Obersteiner, M.; Chave, J.; Janssens, I.A. |
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Title |
Coping with branch excision when measuring leaf net photosynthetic rates in a lowland tropical forest |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Biotropica |
Abbreviated Journal |
Biotropica |
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Volume |
52 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
608-615 |
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Keywords |
branch cutting; canopy physiology; French Guiana; gas exchange; photosynthesis; rainforest; stomatal conductance; ecological modeling; environmental conditions; forest canopy; leaf; measurement method; photosynthesis; tree; tropical forest; Gruidae |
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Measuring leaf gas exchange from canopy leaves is fundamental for our understanding of photosynthesis and for a realistic representation of carbon uptake in vegetation models. Since canopy leaves are often difficult to reach, especially in tropical forests with emergent trees up to 60 m at remote places, canopy access techniques such as canopy cranes or towers have facilitated photosynthetic measurements. These structures are expensive and therefore not very common. As an alternative, branches are often cut to enable leaf gas exchange measurements. The effect of branch excision on leaf gas exchange rates should be minimized and quantified to evaluate possible bias. We compared light-saturated leaf net photosynthetic rates measured on excised and intact branches. We selected branches positioned at three canopy positions, estimated relative to the top of the canopy: upper sunlit foliage, middle canopy foliage, and lower canopy foliage. We studied the variation of the effects of branch excision and transport among branches at these different heights in the canopy. After excision and transport, light-saturated leaf net photosynthetic rates were close to zero for most leaves due to stomatal closure. However, when the branch had acclimated to its new environmental conditions—which took on average 20 min—light-saturated leaf net photosynthetic rates did not significantly differ between the excised and intact branches. We therefore conclude that branch excision does not affect the measurement of light-saturated leaf net photosynthesis, provided that the branch is recut under water and is allowed sufficient time to acclimate to its new environmental conditions. © 2020 The Association for Tropical Biology and Conservation |
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UMR 5174 Laboratoire Evolution et Diversité Biologique, Université Paul Sabatier, CNRS, Toulouse, France |
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Blackwell Publishing Ltd |
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00063606 (Issn) |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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960 |
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Schimann, H.; Vleminckx, J.; Baraloto, C.; Engel, J.; Jaouen, G.; Louisanna, E.; Manzi, S.; Sagne, A.; Roy, M. |
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Title |
Tree communities and soil properties influence fungal community assembly in neotropical forests |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Biotropica |
Abbreviated Journal |
Biotropica |
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Volume |
52 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
444-456 |
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Keywords |
communities; composition; diversity; habitat; lowland neotropical rain forest; macrofungi; soil properties; trees; ectomycorrhiza; fungus; heterogeneity; Neotropical Region; physicochemical property; rainforest; species inventory; species richness; tree; tropical forest; French Guiana; Agaricales; Aphyllophorales; Basidiomycota |
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The influence exerted by tree communities, topography, and soil chemistry on the assembly of macrofungal communities remains poorly understood, especially in highly diverse tropical forests. Here, we used a large dataset that combines inventories of macrofungal Basidiomycetes fruiting bodies, tree species composition, and measurements for 16 soil physicochemical parameters, collected in 34 plots located in four sites of lowland rain forests in French Guiana. Plots were established on three different topographical conditions: hilltop, slope, and seasonally flooded soils. We found hyperdiverse Basidiomycetes communities, mainly comprising members of Agaricales and Polyporales. Phosphorus, clay contents, and base saturation in soils strongly varied across plots and shaped the richness and composition of tree communities. The latter composition explained 23% of the variation in the composition of macrofungal communities, probably through high heterogeneity of the litter chemistry and selective effects of biotic interactions. The high local heterogeneity of habitats influenced the distribution of both macrofungi and trees, as a result of diversed local soil hydromorphic conditions associated with contrasting soil chemistry. This first regional study across habitats of French Guiana forests revealed new niches for macrofungi, such as ectomycorrhizal ones, and illustrates how macrofungi inventories are still paramount to can be to understand the processes at work in the tropics. Abstract in Spanish is available with online material. © 2020 The Association for Tropical Biology and Conservation |
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Laboratoire Évolution et Diversité Biologique, CNRS, UMR 5174 UPS CNRS ENFA IRD, Université Toulouse 3 Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France |
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Blackwell Publishing Ltd |
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00063606 (Issn) |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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968 |
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Ruelle, J.; Yamamoto, H.; Thibaut, B. |
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Title |
Growth Stresses and Cellulose Structural Parameters in Tension and Normal Wood from Three Tropical Rainforest Angiosperm Species |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2007 |
Publication |
BioResources |
Abbreviated Journal |
BioResources |
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2 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
235-251 |
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Keywords |
Cellulose; Microfibril angle; Crystallite size; Tension wood; Tropical rainforest; Growth stresses |
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Few studies have been conducted about relation between cellulose parameters and biomechanical properties of wood in tropical angiosperms species. For this purpose, on 13 trees from 3 species of French Guyana tropical rainforest in a clear active process of restoring verticality, i) growth strains were measured in situ in order to determine the occurrence of tension wood within samples and ii) cellulose structural parameters were estimated on all the samples using X-ray diffraction method. Crystallite size was estimated from the full-width at half-maximum of the Miller index (002) arc diffraction and angle T was measured following Cave's method. Relationships between these parameters and growth stresses were good and the variations between normal and tension wood were significant, i. e. a lower angle T and a larger crystallite size in tension wood. In order to have a good estimation of the microfibril angle in the main layer of the secondary wall for each species, an experimental calibration was done between angle T and microfibril angle observed with scanning electron microscopy. |
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[Ruelle, Julien; Thibaut, Bernard] UMR EcoFoG, Kourou 97387, Guyana, Email: ruelle_j@kourou.cirad.fr |
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NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIV DEPT WOOD & PAPER SCI |
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1930-2126 |
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ISI:000263689300009 |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
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122 |
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Salvin, P.; Roos, C.; Robert, F. |
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Tropical mangrove sediments as a natural inoculum for efficient electroactive biofilms |
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Journal Article |
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2012 |
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Bioresource Technology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Bioresour. Technol. |
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120 |
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45-51 |
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Chronoamperometry; Cyclic voltammetry; Electroactive biofilms; Microbial fuel cells; Three-electrode systems |
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Chronoamperometry is known to be an efficient way to form electroactive biofilms (EAB) on conductive electrodes. For the first time, tropical mangrove sediments are analyzed as a potential inoculum to form MFC anodes with the use of acetate as substrate. The performance of the EAB-coated carbon cloth electrodes are evaluated according to the maximal current density, the coulombic efficiency and the cyclic voltammogramms. Working electrodes (WE) polarized at -0.2V/SCE gave better results compared to -0.4V/SCE and 0.0V/SCE. The maximal current density attained was 12A/m 2 with a CE of 24%. Contributions of the EAB in the generation of current were discussed and mechanisms of electronic transfer by the bacteria were discussed. Epifluorescence and SEM images showed the evolution of the biofilms on the electrode surface and the heterogeneity of the structure. © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. |
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Laboratoire des Matériaux et des Molécules en Milieu Amazonien, Université des Antilles et de la Guyane, UAG-UMR ECOFOG, F-97337 Cayenne, French Guiana |
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09608524 (Issn) |
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Export Date: 16 August 2012; Source: Scopus; Coden: Birte; doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2012.05.131; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: Robert, F.; Laboratoire des Matériaux et des Molécules en Milieu Amazonien, Université des Antilles et de la Guyane, UAG-UMR ECOFOG, F-97337 Cayenne, French Guiana; email: florent.robert@guyane.univ-ag.fr |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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421 |
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Clair, B.; Almeras, T.; Yamamoto, H.; Okuyama, T.; Sugiyama, J. |
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Mechanical behavior of cellulose microfibrils in tension wood, in relation with maturation stress generation |
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Journal Article |
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2006 |
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Biophysical Journal |
Abbreviated Journal |
Biophys. J. |
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91 |
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3 |
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1128-1135 |
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A change in cellulose lattice spacing can be detected during the release of wood maturation stress by synchrotron x-ray diffraction experiment. The lattice strain was found to be the same order of magnitude as the macroscopic strain. The fiber repeat distance, 1.033 nm evaluated for tension wood after the release of maturation stress was equal to the conventional wood values, whereas the value before stress release was larger, corresponding to a fiber repeat of 1.035 nm, nearly equal to that of cotton and ramie. Interestingly, the fiber repeat varied from 1.033 nm for wood to 1.040 nm for algal cellulose, with an increasing order of lateral size of cellulose microfibrils so far reported. These lines of experiments demonstrate that, before the stress release, the cellulose was in a state of tension, which is, to our knowledge, the first experimental evidence supporting the assumption that tension is induced in cellulose microfibrils. |
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Kyoto Univ, Res Inst Sustainable Humanosphere, Uji, Kyoto, Japan, Email: sugiyama@rish.kyoto-u.ac.jp |
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BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY |
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0006-3495 |
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ISI:000239086800039 |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
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224 |
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Dejean, A.; Céréghino, R.; Leponce, M.; Rossi, V.; Roux, O.; Compin, A.; Delabie, J.H.C.; Corbara, B. |
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Title |
The fire ant Solenopsis saevissima and habitat disturbance alter ant communities |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2015 |
Publication |
Biological Conservation |
Abbreviated Journal |
Biological Conservation |
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Volume |
187 |
Issue |
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Pages |
145-153 |
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Ant community; Fire ants; Invasive species; Species coexistence; Supercoloniality |
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The fire ant Solenopsis saevissima is a major pest frequent in human-disturbed areas of its native range where it forms 'supercolonies'. We determined that its natural habitat in French Guiana is likely the sporadically flooded riparian forest and aimed to evaluate this ant's impact on the abundance and diversity of other ants by comparing different habitats at two sites. We noted a significant decrease in ant species richness between the rainforest and human-disturbed habitats (but not between the former and the naturally disturbed riparian forest), and between extreme habitats and all others. The number of ant nests per surface unit (i.e., quadrats of equal surface area), a proxy of ant abundance, globally followed this pattern. S. saevissima was absent from pristine rainforest (as expected) and from extreme habitats, showing the limits of its adaptability, whereas some other native ants can develop in these habitats. Ant species richness was significantly lower in the presence of S. saevissima in the riparian forest, forest edges and meadows, illustrating that this ant species has a negative impact on the ant communities in addition to the impact of natural- and man-made disturbances. Only some ant species can develop in its presence, and certain of these can even thrive. Because it has been recorded in Africa, Guadeloupe and the Galápagos Islands, we concluded that, due to the increasing volume of global trade and forest destruction, S. saevissima could become a pantropical invasive species. © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. |
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Université Clermont Auvergne, Université Blaise Pascal (LMGE), Clermont-Ferrand, France |
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Export Date: 11 June 2015 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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605 |
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Baraloto, C.; Alverga, P.; Quispe, S.B.; Barnes, G.; Chura, N.B.; da Silva, I.B.; Castro, W.; da Souza, H.; de Souza Moll, I.E.; Del Alcazar Chilo, J.; Linares, H.D.; Quispe, J.G.; Kenji, D.; Marsik, M.; Medeiros, H.; Murphy, S.; Rockwell, C.; Selaya, G.; Shenkin, A.; Silveira, M.; Southworth, J.; Vasquez Colomo, G.H.; Perz, S. |
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Title |
Effects of road infrastructure on forest value across a tri-national Amazonian frontier |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2015 |
Publication |
Biological Conservation |
Abbreviated Journal |
Biological Conservation |
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Volume |
191 |
Issue |
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Pages |
674-681 |
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Keywords |
Açai; Biodiversity; Brazil nut; Carbon stocks; Connectivity; Infrastructure; Livelihood; Ntfp; Redd; Road impact; Rubber; Timber; Tropical rainforest |
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Road construction demonstrably accelerates deforestation rates in tropical forests, but its consequences for forest degradation remain less clear. We estimated a series of forest value metrics including components of biodiversity, carbon stocks, and timber and non-timber forest product resources, along the recently paved Inter-Oceanic Highway (IOH) integrating Brazil and Peru along the Bolivian border. We installed 69 vegetation plots in intact terra firme forests representative of local community holdings near and far from the IOH, and we characterized 15 components of forest value for each plot.We observed strong geographic gradients in forest value components across the region, with increases from west to east in aboveground biomass and in the abundance of timber and non-timber forest product trees and regeneration. Plots in communities in Pando, Bolivia, where the IOH remains in part unpaved, had the highest aboveground biomass, standing timber volumes and Brazil nut tree density. In contrast, communities in Madre de Dios, Peru, where settlements and unpaved portions of the IOH have existed for decades, and in Acre, Brazil, where paving of the IOH has been underway for more than a decade, were more degraded. Seven of the fifteen forest value components we measured increased with increasing distance from the IOH, although the magnitude of these effects was weak. Landscape scale remote sensing analyses showed much stronger effects of road proximity on deforestation. We suggest that remote sensing techniques including canopy spectral signatures might be calibrated to characterize multiple components of forest value, so that we can estimate landscape scale impacts of infrastructure developments on both deforestation and forest degradation in tropical regions. © 2015 Elsevier B.V. |
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International Center for Tropical Botany, Department of Earth and Environment, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States |
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Export Date: 8 September 2015 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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619 |
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Petillon, J.; Montaigne, W.; Renault, D. |
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Hypoxic coma as a strategy to survive inundation in a salt-marsh inhabiting spider |
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Journal Article |
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2009 |
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Biology Letters |
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Biol. Lett. |
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5 |
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4 |
Pages |
442-445 |
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1744-9561 |
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WOS:000267881700002 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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288 |
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Ruiz-Gonzalez, M.X.; Male, P.J.G.; Leroy, C.; Dejean, A.; Gryta, H.; Jargeat, P.; Quilichini, A.; Orivel, J. |
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Specific, non-nutritional association between an ascomycete fungus and Allomerus plant-ants |
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Journal Article |
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2011 |
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Biology Letters |
Abbreviated Journal |
Biol. Lett. |
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7 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
475-479 |
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ant-fungus association; Cordia nodosa; Chaetothyriales; Hirtella physophora; myrmecophyte; population structure |
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Ant-fungus associations are well known from attine ants, whose nutrition is based on a symbiosis with basidiomycete fungi. Otherwise, only a few non-nutritional ant-fungus associations have been recorded to date. Here we focus on one of these associations involving Allomerus plant-ants that build galleried structures on their myrmecophytic hosts in order to ambush prey. We show that this association is not opportunistic because the ants select from a monophyletic group of closely related fungal haplotypes of an ascomycete species from the order Chaetothyriales that consistently grows on and has been isolated from the galleries. Both the ants' behaviour and an analysis of the genetic population structure of the ants and the fungus argue for host specificity in this interaction. The ants' behaviour reveals a major investment in manipulating, growing and cleaning the fungus. A molecular analysis of the fungus demonstrates the widespread occurrence of one haplotype and many other haplotypes with a lower occurrence, as well as significant variation in the presence of these fungal haplotypes between areas and ant species. Altogether, these results suggest that such an interaction might represent an as-yet undescribed type of specific association between ants and fungus in which the ants cultivate fungal mycelia to strengthen their hunting galleries. |
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[Leroy, Celine; Dejean, Alain; Quilichini, Angelique; Orivel, Jerome] CNRS, UMR Ecol Forets Guyane 8172, F-97379 Kourou, France, Email: jerome.orivel@ecofog.gf |
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Publisher |
Royal Soc |
Place of Publication |
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Language |
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Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1744-9561 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes |
ISI:000290515100044 |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
Serial |
317 |
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