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Author |
Céréghino, R.; Corbara, B.; Leroy, C.; Carrias, J.-F. |
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Title |
Ecological determinants of community structure across the trophic levels of freshwater food webs: a test using bromeliad phytotelmata |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Hydrobiologia |
Abbreviated Journal  |
Hydrobiologia |
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Volume |
847 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
391-402 |
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Keywords |
Environmental filtering; Functional group; Neotropical; Niche; Trophic interactions; alga; assembly rule; bacterium; community structure; ecological modeling; environmental conditions; food web; freshwater ecosystem; functional group; Neotropic Ecozone; niche; protozoan; taxonomy; trophic interaction; trophic level; algae; Invertebrata; Protozoa |
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Abstract |
Understanding the relative importance of habitat and biotic drivers on community assembly across food web components is an important step towards predicting the consequences of environmental changes. Because documenting entire food webs is often impractical, this question has been only partially investigated. Here, we partitioned variation in species assemblages of the major components of tank bromeliad food webs (bacteria, algae, protozoans, detritivorous and predatory invertebrates) into habitat and biotic determinants and examined the influence of habitat variables and predator or prey abundance on all taxonomic assemblages. Ecological determinism of assemblage structure ranged from weak in bacteria (< 10% of the explained variance) to strong in predatory invertebrates (90%). Habitat features and canopy openness significantly influenced species assemblages; however, prey or predator density had far and away the most significant structuring effects. If biotic forces are at least as important as the abiotic forces while the importance of stochasticity declines towards upper trophic levels, then trophic levels could respond differently to natural or anthropogenic disturbance and to shifts in species distributions. The effects of such differential responses on food web reconfiguration, however, remain to be elucidated. © 2019, Springer Nature Switzerland AG. |
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UMR EcoFoG (AgroParisTech, CIRAD, CNRS, INRA, Université de Guyane, Université des Antilles), Kourou, 97310, France |
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00188158 (Issn) |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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996 |
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Royer, M.; Stien, D.; Beauchene, J.; Herbette, G.; McLean, J.P.; Thibaut, A.; Thibaut, B. |
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Title |
Extractives of the tropical wood wallaba (Eperua falcata Aubl.) as natural anti-swelling agents |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Holzforschung |
Abbreviated Journal |
Holzforschung |
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Volume |
64 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
211-215 |
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Abstract |
Wallaba (Eperua falcata) is a tropical wood that is known to have naturally high moisture related dimensional stability. Samples of wallaba heartwood were subjected to differential solvent extraction. Wood pieces that were extracted with methanol showed significantly greater swelling following rehydration from oven dry to 96% relative humidity than non- extracted samples and samples extracted with other solvents. Methanol soluble wallaba heartwood extract was purified by HPLC and the compounds present were characterized by NMR spectroscopy. The structure of 13 compounds in methanol extract was identified. The relative proportion of polar compounds in methanol extract was found to be high. The compounds identified are proposed to bind to the polymeric cell wall by means of multiple hydrogen bonds restricting the association of water and therefore act as natural anti-swelling agents. |
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0018-3830 |
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WOS:000274423900010 |
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no |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
Serial |
307 |
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Author |
Bleron, L.; Duchanois, G.; Thibaut, B. |
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Title |
Characteristic properties of embedding strength for the nailing of the gonfolio rose (Qualea rosea Aubl.) |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2008 |
Publication |
Holzforschung |
Abbreviated Journal |
Holzforschung |
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Volume |
62 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
86-90 |
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Keywords |
embedding strength; Eurocode V; nail |
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Abstract |
Experimental results are presented with single nail joints of gonfolo rose which were loaded at different grain angles and compared to results obtained by Eurocode V. A wide range of embedding strength tests was conducted. The embedding behaviour across the grain was also investigated with a specific test apparatus. The results were analysed and modelled in terms of strength. Initial loading and unloading stiffness of the timber have been taken into account. The embedment strength of the nails varied according to the angle between the direction of loading and that to the grain. This work is part of a larger research project to establish a computer program for the prediction of stiffness and limit strengths of all timber-to-timber and timber-to-steel joints. |
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Address |
[Bleron, Laurent] LABOMAP ENSAM, F-71250 Poret De Paris, Cluny, France, Email: laurent.bleron@cluny.ensam.fr |
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WALTER DE GRUYTER & CO |
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0018-3830 |
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Notes |
ISI:000252041400013 |
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no |
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Call Number |
EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
Serial |
144 |
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Author |
Marchal, R.; Mothe, F.; Denaud, L.E.; Thibaut, B.; Bleron, L. |
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Title |
Cutting forces in wood machining – Basics and applications in industrial processes. A review COST Action E35 2004-2008: Wood machining – micromechanics and fracture |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2009 |
Publication |
Holzforschung |
Abbreviated Journal |
Holzforschung |
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Volume |
63 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
157-167 |
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Keywords |
cutting forces; online control; peeling process; physico-mechanical model; sound; vibrations; wood industry; wood machining |
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Abstract |
The data available in the literature concerning wood cutting forces permits to build models or to simulate the main wood machining processes ( milling, sawing, peeling, etc.). This approach contributes to a better understanding of formation of wood surfaces and chips and the data may be helpful to optimise cutting geometry, reduce tool wear, improve tool material, and to size tool-machines. The models may also be useful for industrial application in two ways: ( 1) providing data to optimise the settings for a given operation ( batch approach), and ( 2) building predictive models that could be the basis of an online control system for the machining processes ( interactive approach). A prerequisite for this is that numerous machining tests on different wood materials are performed based on experiences with different kind of tools and experimental devices. With a focus on potential industrial applications, the emphasis of this review was on the wood peeling process, which is a very demanding special case of wood cutting. Although not so many industrial machines are equipped with expensive force sensors, there is a lot of high quality information available about cutting forces which may be useful to improve the scientific or technological knowledge in wood machining. Alternative parameters, such as vibration or sound measurements, appear to be promising substitutes in the praxis, particularly to feed online control systems of any wood cutting process. |
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Address |
[Marchal, Remy; Bleron, Laurent] Arts & Metiers ParisTech, LABOMAP, F-71250 Cluny, France, Email: remy.marchal@cluny.ensam.fr |
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WALTER DE GRUYTER & CO |
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0018-3830 |
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Notes |
ISI:000263932200006 |
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no |
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Call Number |
EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
Serial |
205 |
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Author |
Clair, B.; Jaouen, G.; Beauchene, J.; Fournier, M. |
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Title |
Mapping radial, tangential and longitudinal shrinkages and relation to tension wood in discs of the tropical tree Symphonia globulifera |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2003 |
Publication |
Holzforschung |
Abbreviated Journal |
Holzforschung |
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Volume |
57 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
665-671 |
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Keywords |
drying shrinkage; tension wood; Symphonia globulifera L. f. |
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Abstract |
A method for measuring shrinkage resulting from drying in the three anisotropic directions is developed and tested. Measurements are performed on sawn discs, a technique which simplifies preparation and enables large numbers of measurements. Shrinkage values can be represented as a map of the disc surface. The results indicate that comparisons between shrinkage distribution and tension wood distribution on the discs show a clear relationship and can be measured with relatively high accuracy in reference to the shrinkage map. In the long term, this method could be useful in the timber industry as a means for choosing the direction in which logs are cut depending on their type of wood composition. |
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Address |
CIRAD ENGREF INRA, UMR Ecol Forets Guyane, Kourou 97379, French Guiana |
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WALTER DE GRUYTER & CO |
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0018-3830 |
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Notes |
ISI:000186257800016 |
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no |
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Call Number |
EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
Serial |
243 |
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Author |
Almeras, T.; Gril, J.; Yamamoto, H. |
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Title |
Modelling anisotropic maturation strains in wood in relation to fibre boundary conditions, microstructure and maturation kinetics |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2005 |
Publication |
Holzforschung |
Abbreviated Journal |
Holzforschung |
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Volume |
59 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
347-353 |
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Keywords |
anisotropy; boundary conditions; cell-wall maturation; growth strain; multilayer model; residual stress; wood fibre |
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Abstract |
A generalisation of existing mechanical models is proposed to account for the relation between wood macroscopic properties and fibre microstructure and chemical composition. It is applied to understanding of the origin of anisotropic maturation strains measured at the outermost surface of the xylem. Various assumptions are considered for boundary conditions of the fibre during the progressive maturation process and are applied to experimental data from the literature. Assumptions that the fibre is fully restrained in displacement, or fully unrestrained or unrestrained in the transverse direction only are all incompatible with observations. Indeed, within the tree, the fibre is restrained in the longitudinal and tangential directions, but unrestrained in the radial direction towards the bark. Mixed boundary conditions must be introduced to correctly simulate both longitudinal and tangential maturation strains. In the context of an analytical axisymmetric model, this is estimated by considering a parameter of partial release of tangential stress during maturation. Consistence with data and with finite element computation in the case of a square fibre confirmed that, because of the unrestrained radial condition, a large part of the tangential maturation stress is released in situ. |
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Address |
Nagoya Univ, Grad Sch Bioagr Sci, Lab Biomat Phys, Chikusa Ku, Nagoya, Aichi 4648601, Japan, Email: tancrede@nuagr1.agr.nagoya-u.ac.jp |
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WALTER DE GRUYTER & CO |
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0018-3830 |
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Notes |
ISI:000228828800016 |
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no |
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Call Number |
EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
Serial |
256 |
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Author |
Clair, B.; Ruelle, J.; Thibaut, B. |
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Title |
Relationship between growth stress, mechanical-physical properties and proportion of fibre with gelatinous layer in chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.) |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2003 |
Publication |
Holzforschung |
Abbreviated Journal |
Holzforschung |
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Volume |
57 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
189-195 |
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Keywords |
growth stress; longitudinal Young's modulus; shrinkage; normal wood; tension wood; gelatinous layer; Castanea Sativa |
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Abstract |
A range of mechanical and physical properties were determined for 96 specimens of chestnut wood and for wood types ranging from compression to tension wood; tests included (1) growth stress, (2) longitudinal Young's modulus in green and air-dried states (3) shrinkage in longitudinal and tangential directions. Anatomical observations permitted determination of the proportion of fibres with a gelatinous layer. The influence of these atypical fibres on macroscopic wood properties is examined and discussed. A basic model is proposed to determine their properties in theoretically isolated conditions. |
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Address |
Univ Montpellier 2, Lab Mecan & Genie Civil, F-34095 Montpellier 5, France, Email: clair@lmgc.univ-montp2.fr |
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WALTER DE GRUYTER & CO |
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0018-3830 |
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Notes |
ISI:000181797800011 |
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no |
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Call Number |
EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
Serial |
274 |
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Author |
Derory, J.; Scotti-Saintagne, C.; Bertocchi, E.; Le Dantec, L.; Graignic, N.; Jauffres, A.; Casasoli, M.; Chancerel, E.; Bodenes, C.; Alberto, F.; Kremer, A. |
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Title |
Contrasting relations between diversity of candidate genes and variation of bud burst in natural and segregating populations of European oaks |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Heredity |
Abbreviated Journal |
Heredity |
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Volume |
105 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
401-411 |
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Keywords |
nucleotide diversity; candidate gene; QTL; Quercus petraea |
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Abstract |
Nucleotide diversity was assessed within nine candidate genes (in total 4.6 kb) for the time of bud burst in nine sessile oak (Quercus petraea) populations distributed in central and northern Europe. The sampled populations were selected on the basis of their contrasting time of bud burst observed in common garden experiments (provenance tests). The candidate genes were selected according to their expression profiles during the transition from quiescent to developing buds and/or their functional role in model plants. The overall nucleotide diversity was large (pi(tot) – 6.15 x 10(-3); pi(silent) – 11.2 x 10(-3)), but population differentiation was not larger than for microsatellites. No outlier single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), departing from neutral expectation, was found among the total of 125 SNPs. These results contrasted markedly with the significant associations that were observed between the candidate genes and bud burst in segregating populations. Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for bud burst were identified for 13 year*site seasonal observations in a cloned mapping pedigree. Nineteen QTLs were detected, and QTLs located on linkage groups 2, 5 and 9 contributed repeatedly to more than 12% of the phenotypic variation of the trait. Eight genes were polymorphic in the two parents of the pedigree and could be mapped on the existing genetic map. Five of them located within the confidence intervals of QTLs for bud burst. Interestingly, four of them located within the three QTLs exhibiting the largest contributions to bud burst. Heredity (2010) 105, 401-411; doi:10.1038/hdy.2009.170; published online 9 December 2009 |
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Address |
[Derory, J.; Scotti-Saintagne, C.; Bertocchi, E.; Graignic, N.; Jauffres, A.; Casasoli, M.; Chancerel, E.; Bodenes, C.; Alberto, F.; Kremer, A.] INRA, BIOGECO UMR1202, F-33610 Cestas, France, Email: antoine.kremer@pierroton.inra.fr |
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Publisher |
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP |
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0018-067X |
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Notes |
ISI:000282059900010 |
Approved |
no |
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Call Number |
EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
Serial |
41 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Derory, J.; Scotti-Saintagne, C.; Bertocchi, E.; Le Dantec, L.; Graignic, N.; Jauffres, A.; Casasoli, M.; Chancerel, E.; Bodenes, C.; Alberto, F.; Kremer, A. |
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Title |
Contrasting relationships between the diversity of candidate genes and variation of bud burst in natural and segregating populations of European oaks |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Heredity |
Abbreviated Journal |
Heredity |
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Volume |
104 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
438-448 |
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Keywords |
nucleotide diversity; candidate gene; QTL; Qeurcus petraea |
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Abstract |
Nucleotide diversity was assessed within nine candidate genes (CGs) (in total 4.6 kb) for the time of bud burst in nine sessile oak (Quercus petraea) populations distributed in central and northern Europe. The sampled populations were selected on the basis of their contrasting times of bud burst observed in common garden experiments (provenance tests). The CGs were selected according to their expression profiles during the transition from quiescent to developing buds and/or their functional role in model plants. The overall nucleotide diversity was large (pi(tot) = 6.15 x 10(-3); pi(silent) = 11.2 x 10(-3)), but population differentiation was not larger than for microsatellites. No outlier single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) departing from neutral expectation was found among the total of 125 SNPs. These results contrasted markedly with the significant associations that were observed between the CGs and bud burst in segregating populations. Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for bud burst were identified for 13 year*site seasonal observations in a cloned mapping pedigree. Nineteen QTLs were detected, and QTLs located on linkage groups 2, 5 and 9 contributed repeatedly to more than 12% of the phenotypic variation of the trait. Eight genes were polymorphic in the two parents of the pedigree and could be mapped on the existing genetic map. Five of them located within the confidence intervals of QTLs for bud burst. Interestingly, four of them located within the three QTLs exhibiting the largest contributions to bud burst. Heredity (2010) 104, 438-448; doi:10.1038/hdy.2009.134; published online 7 October 2009 |
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Address |
[Derory, J.; Scotti-Saintagne, C.; Bertocchi, E.; Graignic, N.; Jauffres, A.; Casasoli, M.; Chancerel, E.; Bodenes, C.; Alberto, F.; Kremer, A.] INRA, BIOGECO UMR1202, F-33610 Cestas, France, Email: antoine.kremer@pierroton.inra.fr |
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Publisher |
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP |
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0018-067X |
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Notes |
ISI:000276952000005 |
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no |
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Call Number |
EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
Serial |
60 |
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Author |
Foucaud, J.; Estoup, A.; Loiseau, A.; Rey, O.; Orivel, J. |
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Title |
Thelytokous parthenogenesis, male clonality and genetic caste determination in the little fire ant: new evidence and insights from the lab |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Heredity |
Abbreviated Journal |
Heredity |
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Volume |
105 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
205-212 |
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Keywords |
reproduction system; thelytokous parthenogenesis; male clonality; genetic caste determination; Wasmannia auropunctata |
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Abstract |
Previous studies indicate that some populations of the little fire ant, Wasmannia auropunctata, display an unusual reproduction system polymorphism. Although some populations have a classical haplodiploid reproduction system, in other populations queens are produced by thelytokous parthenogenesis, males are produced by a male clonality system and workers are produced sexually. An atypical genetic caste determination system was also suggested. However, these conclusions were indirectly inferred from genetic studies on field population samples. Here we set up experimental laboratory nests that allow the control of the parental relationships between individuals. The queens heading those nests originated from either putatively clonal or sexual populations. We characterized the male, queen and worker offspring they produced at 12 microsatellite loci. Our results unambiguously confirm the unique reproduction system polymorphism mentioned above and that male clonality is strictly associated with thelytokous parthenogenesis. We also observed direct evidence of the rare production of sexual gynes and arrhenotokous males in clonal populations. Finally, we obtained evidence of a genetic basis for caste determination. The evolutionary significance of the reproduction system polymorphism and genetic caste determination as well as future research opportunities are discussed. Heredity (2010) 105, 205-212; doi: 10.1038/hdy.2009.169; published online 25 November 2009 |
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Address |
[Foucaud, J.; Estoup, A.; Loiseau, A.; Rey, O.] INRA, UMR CBGP, IRD, Cirad,Montpellier SupAgro, Montferrier Sur Lez, France, Email: julien.foucaud@legs.cnrs-gif.fr |
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NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP |
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0018-067X |
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Notes |
ISI:000280111800007 |
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no |
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Call Number |
EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
Serial |
78 |
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