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Fortunel, C.; Paine, C.E.T.; Fine, P.V.A.; Mesones, I.; Goret, J.; Burban, B.; Cazal, J.; Baraloto, C.; Comita, L. |
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There's no place like home: seedling mortality contributes to the habitat specialisation of tree species across Amazonia |
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Journal Article |
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2016 |
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Ecology Letters |
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Ecology Letters |
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19 |
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10 |
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1256-1266 |
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Amazon basin; forests habitats; habitat association; herbivory; light availability; plant lineages; rainfall temporal variation; seedling performance; soil fertility; tropical trees |
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Understanding the mechanisms generating species distributions remains a challenge, especially in hyperdiverse tropical forests. We evaluated the role of rainfall variation, soil gradients and herbivory on seedling mortality, and how variation in seedling performance along these gradients contributes to habitat specialisation. In a 4-year experiment, replicated at the two extremes of the Amazon basin, we reciprocally transplanted 4638 tree seedlings of 41 habitat-specialist species from seven phylogenetic lineages among the three most important forest habitats of lowland Amazonia. Rainfall variation, flooding and soil gradients strongly influenced seedling mortality, whereas herbivory had negligible impact. Seedling mortality varied strongly among habitats, consistent with predictions for habitat specialists in most lineages. This suggests that seedling performance is a primary determinant of the habitat associations of adult trees across Amazonia. It further suggests that tree diversity, currently mostly harboured in terra firme forests, may be strongly impacted by the predicted climate changes in Amazonia. © 2016 John Wiley & Sons Ltd/CNRS |
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Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States |
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Export Date: 27 October 2016 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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698 |
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Denis, T.; Richard-Hansen, C.; Brunaux, O.; Guitet, S.; Hérault, B. |
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Birds of a feather flock together: Functionally similar vertebrates positively co-occur in Guianan forests |
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Journal Article |
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2019 |
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Ecosphere |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ecosphere |
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10 |
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3 |
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e02566 |
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activity matching; birds; Guiana Shield; information exchange; mammals; mixed-species associations; mutualism; terra firme rainforests |
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Medium- and large-sized vertebrates play a key role in shaping overall forest functioning. Despite this, vertebrate interactions, from competition to mutualism, remain poorly studied, even though these interactions should be taken into account in our conservation and management strategies. Thus, we tackled the question of vertebrate co-occurrence in tropical rainforests: Are (negative or positive) co-occurrences dependent on forest structure and composition? and Are these co-occurrences linked to functional species similarity? We recorded the occurrence of 21 medium- and large-sized vertebrates in 19 French Guianan locations in which a large set of forest structure and composition descriptors were collected. We used a probabilistic model to look for co-occurrences at different spatial scales, and species pairwise co-occurrences were then compared to those generated solely on the basis of forest structure and composition. We then quantified the co-occurrence strength between pairwise species dyads and determined whether they relied on species functional similarity, controlling for the environmental effects. We found that positive co-occurrences vastly outnumbered negative co-occurrences, were only partly shaped by the local environment, and were closely linked to species functional similarity. Thus, groups of species sharing similar functional traits are more prone to co-occur, highlighting the key role of functional redundancy in structuring species assemblages. We discuss how positive interactions could generate the predominance of positive co-occurrences in oligotrophic terra firme (unflooded) forests when resources are scarce and dispersed in dry season. Finally, we identified functional groups based on co-occurrence strength and suggested that frugivory/granivory and body size are of primary importance in species interactions in Neotropical vertebrate communities. © 2019 The Authors. |
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INPHB, Institut National Polytechnique Félix Houphouët-Boigny, Yamoussoukro, Cote d'Ivoire |
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Wiley-Blackwell |
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21508925 (Issn) |
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Export Date: 16 March 2020; Correspondence Address: Denis, T.; Office National de la Chasse et de la Faune Sauvage, UMR EcoFoG (AgroParisTech, Cirad, CNRS, INRA, Université des Antilles, Université de Guyane)France; email: thomas.denis@ecofog.gf |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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924 |
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Barantal, S.; Schimann, H.; Fromin, N.; Hattenschwiler, S. |
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Nutrient and Carbon Limitation on Decomposition in an Amazonian Moist Forest |
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Journal Article |
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2012 |
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Ecosystems |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ecosystems |
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15 |
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7 |
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1039-1052 |
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energy limitation; labile carbon; litter quality; nitrogen; phosphorus; priming effect; soil fauna; tropical forest |
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Tropical forests determine global biogeochemical cycles to a large extent, but control factors for key ecosystem processes such as decomposition remain poorly understood. With a full-factorial C (cellulose), N (urea), and P (phosphate) fertilization experiment, we tested the relative importance of C and nutrient limitation on litter decomposition in a mature lowland moist forest of French Guiana. Despite the previously demonstrated litter C quality control over decomposition and the very low soil P content (0. 1 mg g -1 of soil) at our study site, fertilization with C or P alone did not increase the decomposition of a wide range of litter types (N:P ratios between 20 and 80). Nitrogen fertilization alone also had no effect on decomposition. However, the combined fertilization with N and P resulted in up to 33. 5% more initial litter mass lost, with an increasing effect with wider litter N:P ratios. Soil fauna strongly stimulated litter mass loss and enhanced nutrient fertilization effects. Moreover, nutrient effects on decomposition increased with additional C fertilization in the presence of fauna. Our results suggest that increased N availability is required for a positive P effect on decomposition in the studied P-poor tropical forest. Further stimulation of decomposition by C amendment through priming indicates energy limitation of decomposers that is co-determined by nutrient availability. The demonstrated intricate control of the key resources C, N, and P on decomposition calls for an intensified research effort on multiple resource limitation on key processes in tropical forests and how they change under multiple human impacts. © 2012 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC. |
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UMR Ecologie des Forêts de Guyane (ECOFOG), INRA, Kourou, French Guiana |
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14329840 (Issn) |
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Export Date: 2 November 2012; Source: Scopus; Coden: Ecosf; doi: 10.1007/s10021-012-9564-9; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: Schimann, H.; UMR Ecologie des Forêts de Guyane (ECOFOG), INRA, Kourou, French Guiana; email: heidy.schimann@ecofog.gf |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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442 |
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Rowland, L.; Stahl, C.; Bonal, D.; Siebicke, L.; Williams, M.; Meir, P. |
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The Response of Tropical Rainforest Dead Wood Respiration to Seasonal Drought |
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Journal Article |
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2013 |
Publication |
Ecosystems |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ecosystems |
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16 |
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7 |
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1294-1309 |
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Amazon rainforest; coarse woody debris; respiration; seasonal drought; soil water content; woody moisture content |
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Coarse woody debris (CWD, dead wood sections ≥10 cm diameter) represents a large store of carbon in tropical forests; however, estimates of the flux of carbon from CWD in these forests remain poorly constrained. The objective of this study was to resolve the dry/wet season response of respiration in CWD (Rcwd), and investigate the importance of biotic and abiotic factors for predicting the seasonal change of Rcwd at the ecosystem level. This study presents a 4-month time series of Rcwd measurements conducted on 42 dead trees (26 species) at the Paracou Research Station in French Guiana. Rcwd measurements were repeated 13 times on each CWD sample from July to November 2011, spanning the transition from wet to dry season, and then from dry season to the following wet season. Seasonal drought caused monthly Rcwd to drop by 20.5 ± 5.1% over the wet-dry transition. Changes in woody tissue moisture content explained 41.9% of the measured seasonal variability in Rcwd, but 60% of the seasonal variability in mean forest Rcwd rates could be modelled using surface soil water content. We estimate that Rcwd is approximately 5% of annual ecosystem respiration (Reco) and that seasonal variations in Rcwd contribute appreciably to seasonal variations of Reco, and should be included in functional models simulating the response of tropical rainforest ecosystems to current and future climate. © 2013 Springer Science+Business Media New York. |
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Division of Plant Sciences, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, ACT, Australian Capital Territory, 0200, Australia |
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14329840 (Issn) |
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Export Date: 18 October 2013; Source: Scopus; Coden: Ecosf; doi: 10.1007/s10021-013-9684-x; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: Rowland, L.; School of Geosciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom; email: lucy.rowland@ed.ac.uk; Funding Details: NE/F002149/1, NERC, Natural Environment Research Council; Funding Details: NE/J011002/1, NERC, Natural Environment Research Council; Funding Details: FT110100457, ARC, Australian Research Council |
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506 |
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Tahiri, A.; Amissa Adima, A.; Adjé, F.A.; Amusant, N. |
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Pesticide effects and screening of extracts of Azadirachta Indica (A.) Juss. on the Macrotermes bellicosus rambur termite |
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Journal Article |
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2011 |
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Bois et Forets des Tropiques |
Abbreviated Journal |
Effet pesticide et screening des extraits de Azadirachta indica (A.) Juss. sur le termite Macroterme |
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65 |
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310 |
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79-88 |
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Azadirachta indica; Pesticide properties; Phytochemical screening; Termite |
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To recommend applications in the field of a naturally insecticide plant substance as an alternative to chemical control against termite attacks, several important prerequisites need to be satisfied to ensure its effectiveness. The toxicity, lethal dose, mode of action, persistence of insecticide effect and chemical composition of total aqueous, alcohol and hexane extracts of the leaves and seeds of the neem tree, Azadirachta indica, were tested with the Macrotermes bellicosus termite. The extracts were found to be highly toxic to termites on contact, killing the entire population tested. The insecticide effect of the extracts persisted from 2.4 to 4.2 days. The aqueous and hexane extracts were the most toxic (LD50 0.422±0.018 to 4,466±0,162 mg/l). Contact and inhalation were both essential to their effectiveness. The aqueous extract of seeds, which is the most active, is also capable of being transferred through the colony during social tasks. However, it seems to have an anti-appetent effect on termites and does not act by ingestion. It contains phenol compounds (tannins and flavonoids) and saponins. The hexane extract of seeds is oily and contains 11 fatty acids as well as terpenoids, flavonoids and saponins. |
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Cirad Laboratoire de Chimie du Bois, 34398 Montpellier Cedex 5, France |
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Export Date: 20 November 2012; Source: Scopus |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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447 |
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Chevalier, M.; Robert, F.; Amusant, N.; Traisnel, M.; Roos, C.; Lebrini, M. |
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Enhanced corrosion resistance of mild steel in 1 M hydrochloric acid solution by alkaloids extract from Aniba rosaeodora plant: Electrochemical, phytochemical and XPS studies |
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Journal Article |
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2014 |
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Electrochimica Acta |
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Electrochim Acta |
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131 |
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96-105 |
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Acidic media; Adsorption-XPS; Aniba rosaeodora extract; Anibine; C38 steel; Corrosion inhibitor |
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The present report continues to focus on the broadening application of plant extracts for metallic corrosion control and reports on the inhibiting effect of the Aniba rosaeodora alkaloidic extract on the corrosion of C38 steel in 1 M hydrochloric acid. Potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) techniques were applied to study the metal corrosion behavior in the absence and presence of inhibitor. Studies on the phytochemical constituents were established to determine the active(s) molecule(s). XPS was also carried out to establish the mechanism of corrosion inhibition of the active molecule of C38 steel in acid solution. The inhibitor extract acted as an efficient corrosion inhibitor in 1 M HCl. The experimental data obtained from EIS method show a frequency distribution and therefore a modelling element with frequency dispersion behaviour, a constant phase element (CPEα, Q) has been used. Graphical methods are illustrated by synthetic data to determine the parameter of CPE (α, Q). Polarization studies showed that the Aniba rosaeodora alkaloidic extract was a mixed-type inhibitor and its inhibition efficiency increased with the inhibitor concentration. Studies on the phytochemical constituents of the total alkaloids extract shows that it contains the anibine as the major alkaloid. The results obtained from the electrochemical study have clearly showed that the inhibition efficiency of the total extract was due to the presence of anibine. The XPS studies showed the formation of inhibitor layer containing the Aniba rosaeodora alkaloidic extract and the anibine molecules. © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. |
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Unité Matériaux et Transformations CNRS UMR 8207, Université Lille 1, École Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Lille, Avenue Dimitri Mendeleïev-Bât. C7a BP 90108, 59652 Villeneuve d'Ascq, France |
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Elsevier Ltd |
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00134686 (Issn) |
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Export Date: 10 June 2014; Coden: Elcaa; Correspondence Address: Lebrini, M.; Laboratoire Matériaux et Molécules en Milieux Amazonien, UAG-UMR ECOFOG Campus Troubiran, Route de Baduel, 97337 Cayenne, French Guiana; email: mounim.lebrini@guyane.univ-ag.fr |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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545 |
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Suedile, F.; Robert, F.; Roos, C.; Lebrini, M. |
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Corrosion inhibition of zinc by Mansoa alliacea plant extract in sodium chloride media: Extraction, Characterization and Electrochemical Studies |
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Journal Article |
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2014 |
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Electrochimica Acta |
Abbreviated Journal |
Electrochim Acta |
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133 |
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631-638 |
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Corrosion; Inhibition; Mansoa alliacea; sodium chloride; zinc |
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Ethanol extract of Mansoa alliacea was tested as corrosion inhibitor for zinc in NaCl 3% media using polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Potentiodynamic polarization curves indicated that the plant extract behaves as mixed-type inhibitor. Impedance measurements showed that there are two phenomena in the process of inhibition. The results obtained show that this plant extract could serve as an effective inhibitor for the corrosion of zinc in NaCl 3% media. The extract obtained give inhibition around 90%. The experimental data obtained from EIS method show a frequency distribution and therefore a modelling element with frequency dispersion behaviour, a constant phase element (CPEα,Q) has been used. Graphical methods are illustrated by synthetic data to determine the parameter of CPE (α, Q). Polarization curves show that Mansoa alliacea extract affects the anodic and cathodic reactions and the corrosion potential values were shifted to the positive potentials in the presence of the crude extract. Studies on the phytochemical constituents of the total extract were also established. Electrochemical studies, on the chemical families present in the crude extract, were also carried out to find the main constituents responsible for corrosion inhibition properties of the plant extract. © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. |
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Laboratoire Matériaux et Molécules en Milieux Amazonien, UAG – UMR ECOFOG Campus Troubiran, Route de Baduel, 97337 Cayenne, French Guiana |
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Elsevier Ltd |
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00134686 (Issn) |
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Export Date: 18 June 2014; Coden: Elcaa; Correspondence Address: Lebrini, M.; Laboratoire Matériaux et Molécules en Milieux Amazonien, UAG – UMR ECOFOG Campus Troubiran, Route de Baduel, 97337 Cayenne, French Guiana; email: mounim.lebrini@guyane.univ-ag.fr |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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548 |
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Salhi, L.; Nait-Rabah, O.; Deyrat, C.; Roos, C. |
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Numerical Modeling of Single Helical Pile Behavior under Compressive Loading in Sand |
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2013 |
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Electronic Journal of Geotechnical Engineering |
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Electron. J. Geotech. Eng. |
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18 |
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Bundle T |
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4119-4338 |
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helical pile; finite element method; failure mechanisms; sand |
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The present research deals with helical piles behavior in cohesionless soil through finite element modeling. An approach of modeling of the screw-pile geometry has been proposed through the Finite Element Analysis (FEA) computer program Plaxis. The numerical results are compared with measurements from large scale test and the bearing capacity has been estimated using both cylindrical and individual bearing model. Moreover, different failure criterions have been applied to estimate the ultimate capacity. The effect of spacing ratio (S/Dh) on the screw-pile behavior has been further studied. It has found that results from the model fit the field results. Through the study of the load transfer mechanism, the transition from cylindrical shear to individual plate behavior occurs at a value of spacing ratio (1.5 to 2). |
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Laboratoire des matériaux et molécules en milieu amazonien, EcoFoG-Université des Antilles-Guyane, 97351 Cayenne, French Guiana |
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525 |
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Leroy, C.; Gril, E.; Si Ouali, L.; Coste, S.; Gérard, B.; Maillard, P.; Mercier, H.; Stahl, C. |
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Water and nutrient uptake capacity of leaf-absorbing trichomes vs. roots in epiphytic tank bromeliads |
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Journal Article |
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2019 |
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Environmental and Experimental Botany |
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Environ. Exp. Bot. |
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163 |
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112-123 |
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15 N labelling; Carbon metabolism; Nutrient uptake; Plant performance; Tank bromeliad; Water status; Aechmea |
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The water and nutrient uptake mechanisms used by vascular epiphytes have been the subject of a few studies. While leaf absorbing trichomes (LATs) are the main organ involved in resource uptake by bromeliads, little attention has been paid to the absorbing role of epiphytic bromeliad roots. This study investigates the water and nutrient uptake capacity of LATs vs. roots in two epiphytic tank bromeliads Aechmea aquilega and Lutheria splendens. The tank and/or the roots of bromeliads were watered, or not watered at all, in different treatments. We show that LATs and roots have different functions in resource uptake in the two species, which we mainly attributed to dissimilarities in carbon acquisition and growth traits (e.g., photosynthesis, relative growth rate, non-structural carbohydrates, malate), to water relation traits (e.g., water and osmotic potentials, relative water content, hydrenchyma thickness) and nutrient uptake (e.g., 15 N-labelling). While the roots of A. aquilega did contribute to water and nutrient uptake, the roots of L. splendens were less important than the role played by the LATs in resource uptake. We also provide evidenced for a synergistic effect of combined watering of tank and root in the Bromelioideae species. These results call for a more complex interpretation of LATs vs. roots in resource uptake in bromeliads. © 2019 Elsevier B.V. |
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INRA, UMR EcoFoG, CNRS, CIRAD, AgroParisTech, Université des Antilles, Université de Guyane, Kourou, 97310, France |
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Elsevier B.V. |
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00988472 (Issn) |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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871 |
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Sardans, J.; Urbina, I.; Grau, O.; Asensio, D.; Ogaya, R.; Peñuelas, J. |
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Long-term drought decreases ecosystem C and nutrient storage in a Mediterranean holm oak forest |
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2020 |
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Environmental and Experimental Botany |
Abbreviated Journal |
Environ. Exp. Bot. |
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Volume |
177 |
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104135 |
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Keywords |
Aridity; Carbon stocks; Climate change; Nitrogen; Phosphorus; Potassium; Stoichiometry; carbon sequestration; deciduous forest; drought; experimental study; forest soil; long-term change; Mediterranean environment; net ecosystem exchange; nutrient cycling; shrub; stoichiometry; Mediterranean Sea; Phillyrea latifolia |
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Abstract |
Aridity has increased in recent decades in the Mediterranean Basin and is projected to continue to increase in the coming decades. We studied the consequences of drought on the concentrations, stoichiometries and stocks of carbon (C), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) in leaves, foliar litter of a three dominant woody species and soil of a Mediterranean montane holm oak forest where soil-water content was experimentally reduced (15 % lower than the control plots) for 15 years. Nitrogen stocks were lower in the drought plots than in the control plots (8.81 ± 1.01 kg ha−1 in the forest canopy and 856 ± 120 kg ha−1 in the 0−15 cm soil layer), thus representing 7 and 18 % lower N stocks in the canopy and soil respectively. δ15N was consistently higher under drought conditions in all samples, indicating a general loss of N. Foliar C and K stocks were also lower but to a lesser extent than N. Decreases in biomass and C and N stocks due to drought were smallest for the most dominant tall shrub, Phillyrea latifolia, so our results suggest a lower capacity of this forest to store C and nutrients but also substantial resulting changes in forest structure with increasing drought. © 2020 Elsevier B.V. |
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Address |
Cirad, UMR EcoFoG (AgroParisTech, CNRS, Inra, Univ Antilles, Univ Guyane), Campus Agronomique, Kourou, 97310, French Guiana |
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Elsevier B.V. |
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00988472 (Issn) |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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954 |
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