@Article{Brienen_etal2015,
author="Brienen, R.J.W.
and Phillips, O.L.
and Feldpausch, T.R.
and Gloor, E.
and Baker, T.R.
and Lloyd, J.
and Lopez-Gonzalez, G.
and Monteagudo-Mendoza, A.
and Malhi, Y.
and Lewis, S.L.
and V{\'a}squez Martinez, R.
and Alexiades, M.
and {\'A}lvarez D{\'a}vila, E.
and Alvarez-Loayza, P.
and Andrade, A.
and Araga{\~o}, L.E.O.C.
and Araujo-Murakami, A.
and Arets, E.J.M.M.
and Arroyo, L.
and Aymard C., G.A.
and B{\'a}nki, O.S.
and Baraloto, C.
and Barroso, J.
and Bonal, D.
and Boot, R.G.A.
and Camargo, J.L.C.
and Castilho, C.V.
and Chama, V.
and Chao, K.J.
and Chave, J.
and Comiskey, J.A.
and Cornejo Valverde, F.
and Da Costa, L.
and De Oliveira, E.A.
and Di Fiore, A.
and Erwin, T.L.
and Fauset, S.
and Forsthofer, M.
and Galbraith, D.R.
and Grahame, E.S.
and Groot, N.
and Herault, B.
and Higuchi, N.
and Honorio Coronado, E.N.
and Keeling, H.
and Killeen, T.J.
and Laurance, W.F.
and Laurance, S.
and Licona, J.
and Magnussen, W.E.
and Marimon, B.S.
and Marimon-Junior, B.H.
and Mendoza, C.
and Neill, D.A.
and Nogueira, E.M.
and N{\'u}{\~n}ez, P.
and Pallqui Camacho, N.C.
and Parada, A.
and Pardo-Molina, G.
and Peacock, J.
and Pen{\~a}-Claros, M.
and Pickavance, G.C.
and Pitman, N.C.A.
and Poorter, L.
and Prieto, A.
and Quesada, C.A.
and Ram{\'i}rez, F.
and Ram{\'i}rez-Angulo, H.
and Restrepo, Z.
and Roopsind, A.
and Rudas, A.
and Saloma{\~o}, R.P.
and Schwarz, M.
and Silva, N.
and Silva-Espejo, J.E.
and Silveira, M.
and Stropp, J.
and Talbot, J.
and Ter Steege, H.
and Teran-Aguilar, J.
and Terborgh, J.
and Thomas-Caesar, R.
and Toledo, M.
and Torello-Raventos, M.
and Umetsu, R.K.
and Van Der Heijden, G.M.F.
and Van Der Hout, P.
and Guimar{\~a}es Vieira, I.C.
and Vieira, S.A.
and Vilanova, E.
and Vos, V.A.
and Zagt, R.J.",
title="Long-term decline of the Amazon carbon sink",
journal="Nature",
year="2015",
volume="519",
number="7543",
pages="344--348",
abstract="Atmospheric carbon dioxide records indicate that the land surface has acted as a strong global carbon sink over recent decades, with a substantial fraction of this sink probably located in the tropics, particularly in the Amazon. Nevertheless, it is unclear how the terrestrial carbon sink will evolve as climate and atmospheric composition continue to change. Here we analyse the historical evolution of the biomass dynamics of the Amazon rainforest over three decades using a distributed network of 321 plots. While this analysis confirms that Amazon forests have acted as a long-term net biomass sink, we find a long-term decreasing trend of carbon accumulation. Rates of net increase in above-ground biomass declined by one-third during the past decade compared to the 1990s. This is a consequence of growth rate increases levelling off recently, while biomass mortality persistently increased throughout, leading to a shortening of carbon residence times. Potential drivers for the mortality increase include greater climate variability, and feedbacks of faster growth on mortality, resulting in shortened tree longevity. The observed decline of the Amazon sink diverges markedly from the recent increase in terrestrial carbon uptake at the global scale, and is contrary to expectations based on models. {\textcopyright} 2015 2015 Macmillan Publishers Limited.",
optnote="Export Date: 1 April 2015",
optnote="exported from refbase (http://php.ecofog.gf/refbase/show.php?record=591), last updated on Mon, 30 Nov 2015 15:16:50 -0300",
opturl="http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84925302004&partnerID=40&md5=65edf1e98fb38f2ab5c5db54789901ef"
}