TY  - JOUR
AU  - Touchard, A.
AU  - Labrière, N.
AU  - Roux, O.
AU  - Petitclerc, F.
AU  - Orivel, J.
AU  - Escoubas, P.
AU  - Koh, J.M.S.
AU  - Nicholson, G.M.
AU  - Dejean, A.
PY  - 2014//
TI  - Venom toxicity and composition in three Pseudomyrmex ant species having different nesting modes
T2  - Toxicon
JO  - Toxicon
SP  - 67
EP  - 76
VL  - 88
PB  - Elsevier Ltd
KW  - Ant venoms
KW  - Ants
KW  - Arboreal and ground-nesting ants
KW  - Evolution
KW  - Peptides
KW  - Pseudomyrmex
KW  - ant venom
KW  - acute toxicity
KW  - animal experiment
KW  - ant
KW  - article
KW  - biochemical composition
KW  - controlled study
KW  - disulfide bond
KW  - high performance liquid chromatography
KW  - lethality
KW  - matrix assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry
KW  - molecular weight
KW  - myrmecophyte
KW  - nesting
KW  - nonhuman
KW  - predator prey interaction
KW  - priority journal
KW  - Pseudomyrmex gracilis
KW  - Pseudomyrmex penetrator
KW  - Pseudomyrmex termitarius
KW  - species diversity
KW  - toxin analysis
N2  - We aimed to determine whether the nesting habits of ants have influenced their venom toxicity and composition. We focused on the genus Pseudomyrmex (Pseudomyrmecinae) comprising terrestrial and arboreal species, and, among the latter, plant-ants that are obligate inhabitants of myrmecophytes (i.e., plants sheltering ants in hollow structures). Contrary to our hypothesis, the venom of the ground-dwelling species, Pseudomyrmex termitarius, was as efficacious in paralyzing prey as the venoms of the arboreal and the plant-ant species, Pseudomyrmexpenetrator and Pseudomyrmexgracilis. The lethal potency of P. termitarius venom was equipotent with that of P. gracilis whereas the venom of P. penetrator was less potent. The MALDI-TOF MS analysis of each HPLC fraction of the venoms showed that P. termitarius venom is composed of 87 linear peptides, while both P. gracilis and P. penetrator venoms (23 and 26 peptides, respectively) possess peptides with disulfide bonds. Furthermore, P. penetrator venom contains three hetero- and homodimeric peptides consisting of two short peptidic chains linked together by two interchain disulfide bonds. The large number of peptides in P. termitarius venom is likely related to the large diversity of potential prey plus the antibacterial peptides required for nesting in the ground. Whereas predation involves only the prey and predator, P. penetrator venom has evolved in an environment where trees, defoliating insects, browsing mammals and ants live in equilibrium, likely explaining the diversity of the peptide structures. © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
SN  - 18793150 (Issn)
UR  - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84903689625&partnerID=40&md5=ac220030756a5b21a27cd081a00d13df
N1  - Export Date: 30 July 2014; Coden: Toxia; Correspondence Address: Labrière, N.; CNRS, UMR Ecologie des Forêts de Guyane (EcoFoG), Campus Agronomique, BP 316, 97379 Kourou cedex, France
ID  - Touchard_etal2014
ER  -