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Author |
Cereghino, R.; Leroy, C.; Dejean, A.; Corbara, B. |
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Title |
Ants mediate the structure of phytotelm communities in an ant-garden bromeliad |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Ecology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ecology |
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Volume |
91 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
1549-1556 |
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Keywords |
Aechmea mertensii; ant-gardens; biodiversity; bromeliads; Camponotus femoratus; Crematogaster levior; macroinvertebrates; mutualism; Pachycondyla goeldii; phytotelmata; secondary forest; Sinnamary; French Guiana; species interactions |
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Abstract |
The main theories explaining the biological diversity of rain forests often confer a limited understanding of the contribution of interspecific interactions to the observed patterns. We show how two-species mutualisms can affect much larger segments of the invertebrate community in tropical rain forests. Aechmea mertensii (Bromeliaceae) is both a phytotelm (plant-held water) and an ant-garden epiphyte. We studied the influence of its. associated ant species (Pachycondyla goeldii and Camponotus femoratus) on the physical characteristics of the plants, and, subsequently, on the diversity of the invertebrate communities that inhabit their tanks. As dispersal agents for the bromeliads, P. goeldii and C. femoratus influence the shape and size of the bromeliad by determining the location of the seedling, from exposed to partially shaded areas. By coexisting on a local scale, the two ant species generate a gradient of habitat conditions in terms of available resources (space and food) for aquatic invertebrates, the diversity of the invertebrate communities increasing with greater volumes of water and fine detritus. Two-species mutualisms are widespread in nature, but their influence on the diversity of entire communities remains largely unexplored. Because macroinvertebrates constitute an important part of animal production in all ecosystem types, further investigations should address the functional implications of such indirect effects. |
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[Cereghino, Regis] Univ Toulouse, UPS, INPT, Lab Ecol Fonct,EcoLab, F-31062 Toulouse, France, Email: cereghin@cict.fr |
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ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER |
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0012-9658 |
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ISI:000277867600030 |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
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59 |
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Derory, J.; Scotti-Saintagne, C.; Bertocchi, E.; Le Dantec, L.; Graignic, N.; Jauffres, A.; Casasoli, M.; Chancerel, E.; Bodenes, C.; Alberto, F.; Kremer, A. |
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Title |
Contrasting relationships between the diversity of candidate genes and variation of bud burst in natural and segregating populations of European oaks |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Heredity |
Abbreviated Journal |
Heredity |
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Volume |
104 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
438-448 |
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Keywords |
nucleotide diversity; candidate gene; QTL; Qeurcus petraea |
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Abstract |
Nucleotide diversity was assessed within nine candidate genes (CGs) (in total 4.6 kb) for the time of bud burst in nine sessile oak (Quercus petraea) populations distributed in central and northern Europe. The sampled populations were selected on the basis of their contrasting times of bud burst observed in common garden experiments (provenance tests). The CGs were selected according to their expression profiles during the transition from quiescent to developing buds and/or their functional role in model plants. The overall nucleotide diversity was large (pi(tot) = 6.15 x 10(-3); pi(silent) = 11.2 x 10(-3)), but population differentiation was not larger than for microsatellites. No outlier single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) departing from neutral expectation was found among the total of 125 SNPs. These results contrasted markedly with the significant associations that were observed between the CGs and bud burst in segregating populations. Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for bud burst were identified for 13 year*site seasonal observations in a cloned mapping pedigree. Nineteen QTLs were detected, and QTLs located on linkage groups 2, 5 and 9 contributed repeatedly to more than 12% of the phenotypic variation of the trait. Eight genes were polymorphic in the two parents of the pedigree and could be mapped on the existing genetic map. Five of them located within the confidence intervals of QTLs for bud burst. Interestingly, four of them located within the three QTLs exhibiting the largest contributions to bud burst. Heredity (2010) 104, 438-448; doi:10.1038/hdy.2009.134; published online 7 October 2009 |
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Address |
[Derory, J.; Scotti-Saintagne, C.; Bertocchi, E.; Graignic, N.; Jauffres, A.; Casasoli, M.; Chancerel, E.; Bodenes, C.; Alberto, F.; Kremer, A.] INRA, BIOGECO UMR1202, F-33610 Cestas, France, Email: antoine.kremer@pierroton.inra.fr |
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NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP |
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0018-067X |
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Notes |
ISI:000276952000005 |
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no |
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Call Number |
EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
Serial |
60 |
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Author |
Jaouen, G.; Fournier, M.; Almeras, T. |
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Title |
Thigmomorphogenesis versus light in biomechanical growth strategies of saplings of two tropical rain forest tree species |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Annals of Forest Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ann. For. Sci. |
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Volume |
67 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
211 |
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Keywords |
biomechanics; thigmomorphogenesis; height growth strategies; tropical rain forest; French Guiana |
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Abstract |
In the dense tropical rainforest understorey, saplings exhibit different growth strategies aiming at reaching light levels better fitting their ecology. Investing mainly in height growth, at the expense of their width, a lot are close to mechanical instability. Tachigali melinonii, a long living heliophilic tree species, is frequently observed to be extremely slender and supported by neighbours. Such observations suggest an active growth control through the perception of mechanical environment. Mechanical environment or light availability, which one is the most influent on growth and slenderness (H/D)? To test this question, we recorded growth of control and staked saplings of two species with contrasting habits and ecology: T. melinonii, and Dicorynia guianensis, along a natural light gradient. Dicorynia, the more stable, responded more clearly to the staking treatment, showing slenderness increase when light is available, whereas for Tachigali, only light availability governed growth. For Tachigali, growth allocation is mainly governed by light availability and ontogeny, whereas Dicorynia is probably similar to the average tree strategy, using the thigmomorphogenetic physiological process to control its stability. |
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Address |
[Jaouen, Gaelle; Almeras, Tancrede] Univ Antilles Guyane, INRA, CNRS,Cirad, Unite Mixte Rech Ecol Forets Guyane,AgroParisTech, Kourou 97379, French Guiana, Email: gaelle.jaouen@ecofog.gf |
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EDP SCIENCES S A |
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ISSN |
1286-4560 |
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Notes |
ISI:000276507100012 |
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no |
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Call Number |
EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
Serial |
61 |
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Author |
Baraloto, C.; Marcon, E.; Morneau, F.; Pavoine, S.; Roggy, J.C. |
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Title |
Integrating functional diversity into tropical forest plantation designs to study ecosystem processes |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Annals of Forest Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ann. For. Sci. |
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Volume |
67 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
303 |
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Keywords |
complementarity; ecosystem function; functional groups; leaf economics spectrum; nitrogen fixation; quadratic entropy |
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Abstract |
The elucidation of relationships between biodiversity and ecosystem processes has been limited by the definition of metrics of biodiversity and their integration into experimental design. Functional trait screening can strengthen the performance of these designs. We suggest the use of Rao's quadratic entropy to measure both functional diversity and phylogenetic diversity of species mixtures proposed for an experimental design, and demonstrate how they can provide complementary information. We also present an index assessing the statistical performance of these independent variables in different experimental designs. Measurement of independent variables as continuous vs. discrete variables reduces statistical performance, but improves the model by quantifying species differences masked by group assignments. To illustrate these advances, we present an example from a tropical forest tree community in which we screened 38 species for nine functional traits. The proposed TropiDEP design is based on the relative orthogonality of two multivariate trait axes defined using principal component analysis. We propose that independent variables describing functional diversity might be grouped to calculate independent variables describing suites of different traits with potentially different effects on particular ecosystem processes. In other systems these axes may differ from those reported here, yet the methods of analysis integrating functional and phylogenetic diversity into experimental design could be universal. |
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Address |
[Baraloto, Christopher; Roggy, Jean-Christophe] INRA, UMR Ecol Forets Guyane, Kourou, French Guiana, Email: chris.baraloto@ecofog.gf |
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EDP SCIENCES S A |
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ISSN |
1286-4560 |
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Notes |
ISI:000276507800004 |
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no |
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Call Number |
EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
Serial |
62 |
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Author |
Coste, S.; Roggy, J.C.; Sonnier, G.; Dreyer, E. |
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Title |
Similar irradiance-elicited plasticity of leaf traits in saplings of 12 tropical rainforest tree species with highly different leaf mass to area ratio |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Functional Plant Biology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Funct. Plant Biol. |
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Volume |
37 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
342-355 |
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Keywords |
functional diversity; light availability; photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiency; photosynthetic capacity; tropical rainforest |
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Abstract |
Leaf traits of tropical tree species display an important inter-specific diversity, as detected for instance in the large range of values of leaf mass : area ratio (LMA). They also demonstrate a large irradiance-elicited plasticity, but there is still debate whether this plasticity differs among species. To address this question, leaf traits were recorded on saplings from 12 rainforest tree species in French Guiana, grown under approximately 5, 10 and 20% relative irradiance. Fifteen structural and physiological leaf traits related to photosynthesis were measured. The irradiance-elicited plasticity was quantified using a relative distance plasticity index. A large inter-specific diversity was detected for all leaf traits. A principal component analysis opposed species with a large mass-based photosynthesis, respiration, N content and photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiency, to species with a large leaf mass : area ratio, LMA. The two pioneer species used in this study displayed the largest photosynthetic capacity (and lowest LMA) and ranked at one end of the species continuum. Relative irradiance affected almost all traits with the exception of mass-based photosynthesis. A weak interaction was found between species and relative irradiance and the species ranking was maintained among relative irradiance treatments for the majority of the traits. A principal component analysis of the values of relative-distance plasticity index failed to reveal any consistent patterns of traits or species. We concluded that irradiance-elicited plasticity of leaf traits was similar among species irrespective of LMA and successional status, despite the occurrence of a large inter-specific diversity for the investigated traits. |
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Address |
[Dreyer, Erwin] Nancy Univ, INRA, UMR Ecol & Ecophysiol Forestieres 1137, IFR Ecosyst Forestiers Agroressources Biomol & Al, F-54280 Champenoux, France, Email: dreyer@nancy.inra.fr |
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Publisher |
CSIRO PUBLISHING |
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ISSN |
1445-4408 |
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Notes |
ISI:000275979100009 |
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no |
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Call Number |
EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
Serial |
63 |
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Author |
Dejean, A.; Carpenter, J.M.; Gibernau, M.; Leponce, M.; Corbara, B. |
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Title |
Nest relocation and high mortality rate in a Neotropical social wasp: Impact of an exceptionally rainy La Nina year |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Comptes Rendus Biologies |
Abbreviated Journal |
C. R. Biol. |
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Volume |
333 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
35-40 |
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Keywords |
Vespidae; Population size variation; Microevolution; La Nina; French Guiana |
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Abstract |
After noting the forecast of a La Nina episode, associated with heavy rainfall in French Guiana, we monitored the fate of wasp nests before and during the 2006 short rainy season. The population of the most abundant epiponine wasp species, Polybia bistriata, decreased dramatically during the short rainy season (60.6% of the nests disappeared) then remained low for at least 18 months. Colonies that survived moved from the shelter of large, low leaves (a situation well adapted to the previous dry season) of the most frequent substrate tree, Clusia grandiflora (Clusiaceae), to upper leaves, better ventilated and whose orientation provides good protection from the rain. Therefore, the possibility of moving the nest higher during the first rains following the dry season seems very adaptive as colonies that do not do so are eliminated during the La Nina years, whose frequency will increase with global climate change. (C) 2009 Academie des sciences. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. |
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Address |
[Dejean, Alain; Gibernau, Marc] CNRS, UMR Ecofog 8172, F-97387 Kourou, France, Email: alain.dejean@wanadoo.fr |
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ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER |
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ISSN |
1631-0691 |
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Notes |
ISI:000275984200006 |
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no |
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Call Number |
EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
Serial |
64 |
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Author |
Leroy, C.; Jauneau, A.; Quilichini, A.; Dejean, A.; Orivel, J. |
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Title |
Comparative Structure and Ontogeny of the Foliar Domatia in Three Neotropical Myrmecophytes |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
American Journal of Botany |
Abbreviated Journal |
Am. J. Bot. |
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Volume |
97 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
557-565 |
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Keywords |
anatomy; ant-plant mutualism; Chrysobalanaceae; domatia; French Guiana; Hirtella physophora; Maieta guianensis; Melastomataceae; myrmecophyte; ontogeny; Tococa guianensis |
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Abstract |
The origin and timing of the appearance of leaf domatia during the ontogeny of plants are important evolutionary traits driving the maintenance of ant-plant associations. In this study conducted in French Guiana on Hirtella physophora, Maieta guianensis, and Tococa guianensis, we focused on the formation and development of leaf domatia having different morphological origins. We modeled the timing of the onset of these domatia, then compared their morpho-anatomical structure. Although the ontogenetic development of the domatia differed between species, they developed very early in the plant's ontogeny so that we did not note differences in the timing of the onset of these domatia. For H. physophora seedlings, a transitional leaf forms before the appearance of fully developed domatia, whereas in M. guianensis and T. guianensis the domatia forms abruptly without transitional leaves. Moreover, in all cases, the morpho-anatomical structure of the domatia differed considerably from the lamina. All three species had similar morpho-anatomical characteristics for the domatia, indicating a convergence in their structural and functional characteristics. This convergence between taxonomically distant plant species bearing domatia having different morphological origins could be interpreted as a product of the plant's evolution toward the morphology and anatomy most likely to maximize ant recruitment and long-term residence. |
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Address |
[Leroy, Celine; Dejean, Alain] CNRS, Unite Mixte Rech Ecol Forets Guyane, F-97379 Kourou, France, Email: Celine.Leroy@ecofog.gf |
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BOTANICAL SOC AMER INC |
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ISSN |
0002-9122 |
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Notes |
ISI:000276045500003 |
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no |
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Call Number |
EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
Serial |
65 |
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Author |
Freycon, V.; Krencker, M.; Schwartz, D.; Nasi, R.; Bonal, D. |
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Title |
The impact of climate changes during the Holocene on vegetation in northern French Guiana |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Quaternary Research |
Abbreviated Journal |
Quat. Res. |
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Volume |
73 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
220-225 |
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Keywords |
Holocene; Vegetation change; French Guiana; Carbon isotope composition; Soil organic matter |
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Abstract |
The impact of climatic changes that occurred during the last glacial maximum and the Holocene on vegetation changes in the Amazon Basin and the Guiana Shield are still widely debated. The aim of our study was to investigate whether major changes in vegetation (i.e. transitions between rainforests and C-4 savannas) occurred in northern French Guiana during the Holocene. We measured variations in the delta C-13 of soil organic matter at eight sites now occupied by forest or savannah. The forest sites were selected to cover two regions (forest refugia and peneplains) which are thought to have experienced different intensities of disturbance during the latest Pleistocene and the Holocene. We found that none of the forest sites underwent major disturbances during the Holocene, i.e. they were not replaced by C-4 savannahs or C-4 forest savannahs for long periods. Our results thus suggest that tropical rainforests in northern French Guiana were resilient to drier climatic conditions during the Holocene. Nevertheless, geographical and vertical variations in the C-13 of SOM were compatible with minor changes in vegetation, variations in soil processes or in soil physical properties. (C) 2009 University of Washington. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. |
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Address |
[Freycon, Vincent] CIRAD, UR Dynam Forestiere, F-34398 Montpellier 5, France, Email: vincent.freycon@cirad.fr |
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ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE |
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ISSN |
0033-5894 |
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Notes |
ISI:000275246700007 |
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no |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
Serial |
66 |
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Royer, M.; Stien, D.; Beauchene, J.; Herbette, G.; McLean, J.P.; Thibaut, A.; Thibaut, B. |
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Title |
Extractives of the tropical wood wallaba (Eperua falcata Aubl.) as natural anti-swelling agents |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Holzforschung |
Abbreviated Journal |
Holzforschung |
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Volume |
64 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
211-215 |
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Abstract |
Wallaba (Eperua falcata) is a tropical wood that is known to have naturally high moisture related dimensional stability. Samples of wallaba heartwood were subjected to differential solvent extraction. Wood pieces that were extracted with methanol showed significantly greater swelling following rehydration from oven dry to 96% relative humidity than non- extracted samples and samples extracted with other solvents. Methanol soluble wallaba heartwood extract was purified by HPLC and the compounds present were characterized by NMR spectroscopy. The structure of 13 compounds in methanol extract was identified. The relative proportion of polar compounds in methanol extract was found to be high. The compounds identified are proposed to bind to the polymeric cell wall by means of multiple hydrogen bonds restricting the association of water and therefore act as natural anti-swelling agents. |
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0018-3830 |
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Notes |
WOS:000274423900010 |
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no |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
Serial |
307 |
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Author |
Scotti, I.; Calvo-Vialettes, L.; Scotti-Saintagne, C.; Citterio, M.; Degen, B.; Bonal, D. |
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Title |
Genetic variation for growth, morphological, and physiological traits in a wild population of the Neotropical shade tolerant rainforest tree Sextonia rubra (Mez) van der Werff (Lauraceae) |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Tree Genetics & Genomes |
Abbreviated Journal |
Tree Genet. Genomes |
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Volume |
6 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
319-329 |
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Keywords |
Ecophysiological traits; Heritability; Guiana shield; Amazon; Ecological genetics |
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Abstract |
Quantitative genetic diversity is a fundamental component of the interaction between natural populations and their environment. In breeding programmes, quantitative genetic studies on tropical trees have so far focused on fast-growing, light-demanding species, but no information exists on shade-tolerant, slow-growing species. For this study, 27 3-year-old open-pollinated families of the Neotropical shade-tolerant rainforest tree Sextonia rubra were measured in semicontrolled conditions for 20 morphological, growth, and photosynthesis traits; the effect of genetic relatedness, habitat of provenance, and mother tree status on seedling traits was analysed. Nine traits displayed significant genetic effects, while mother tree status and habitat effects were not significant (P > 0.05) for an y trait. Estimated heritability varied between 0.14 and 0.28, with growth-related traits having the highest values. Additive genetic variation correlated positively with nonheritable variation, suggesting that ecological-evolutionary factors increasing or decreasing additive genetic variance may also affect nonheritable variation in the same direction. Our results suggest that quantitative genetic variability should be taken into account in ecological studies on, and in the management of, natural tropical rainforests; further research is needed to investigate genetic x environment interactions, in particular from the point of view of the genetic response of shade-tolerant plant species to variations in light availability. |
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[Scotti, Ivan; Scotti-Saintagne, Caroline; Bonal, Damien] INRA, Unite Mixte Rech Ecol Forets Guyane, Kourou 97387, French Guiana, Email: ivan.scotti@ecofog.gf |
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SPRINGER HEIDELBERG |
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1614-2942 |
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ISI:000274112600015 |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
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68 |
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