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Author |
Amusant, N.; Fournier, M.; Beauchene, J. |
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Title |
Colour and decay resistance and its relationships in Eperua grandiflora |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2008 |
Publication  |
Annals of Forest Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ann. For. Sci. |
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Volume |
65 |
Issue |
8 |
Pages |
806 |
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Keywords |
natural durability; colour; decay resistance; variability; heartwood; tropical wood |
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Abstract |
Eperua grandiflora, which is widely distributed in the French Guiana forest region, shows high variability in decay resistance. Further information concerning this wood quality parameter is necessary, but standard testing methods are complex and time-consuming. We assessed the use of colorimetry to determine durability in heartwood samples from a range of trees. Eperua grandiflora colour parameters were measured using a CIELAB system, revealing that the tree effect was greater than the radial position and height effects. The wood samples were exposed to Coriolus versicolor and Antrodia sp. according to two European standards (En 350-1 and XP CEN TS 15083-1). Eperua grandiflora is more susceptible to brown rot. These two standards did not give the same durability classes. The high variation in natural durability was due to the tree effect. These two properties were found to be correlated and the assessment also distinguished the extreme durability classes but they are not sufficient to classify the class of durability of this species. |
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Address |
[Amusant, Nadine] CIRAD, PERSYT, UR Valorisat Bois Tropicaux, F-34538 Montpellier 5, France, Email: nadine.amusant@cirad.fr |
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EDP SCIENCES S A |
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1286-4560 |
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ISI:000261431600006 |
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no |
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Call Number |
EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
Serial |
127 |
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Author |
Ollivier, M.; Baraloto, C.; Marcon, E. |
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Title |
A trait database for Guianan rain forest trees permits intra- and inter-specific contrasts |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2007 |
Publication |
Annals of Forest Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ann. For. Sci. |
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Volume |
64 |
Issue |
7 |
Pages |
781-786 |
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Keywords |
plant traits; tropical forest; French Guiana; functional groups; plasticity; ontogeny |
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Abstract |
We present a plant trait database covering autecology for rain forest trees of French Guiana. The database comprises more than thirty traits including autecology (e. g., habitat associations and reproductive phenology), wood structure (e. g., density and tension characteristics) and physiology at the whole plant (e. g., carbon and nitrogen isotopes) and leaf level (e. g., specific leaf area, photosynthetic capacity). The current database describes traits for about nine hundred species from three hundred genera in one hundred families. For more than sixty species, data on twelve morphological and ecophysiological traits are provided for individual plants under different environmental conditions and at different ontogenetic stages. The database is thus unique in permitting intraspecific analyses, such as the effects of ontogenetic stages or environmental conditions on trait values and their relationships. |
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INRA, Unit Mixte Rech Ecol Forets Guyane, Kourou, France, Email: baraloto.c@kourou.cirad.fr |
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EDP SCIENCES S A |
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1286-4560 |
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ISI:000250097700011 |
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Call Number |
EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
Serial |
158 |
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Ruelle, J.; Beauchene, J.; Thibaut, A.; Thibaut, B. |
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Title |
Comparison of physical and mechanical properties of tension and opposite wood from ten tropical rainforest trees from different species |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2007 |
Publication |
Annals of Forest Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ann. For. Sci. |
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Volume |
64 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
503-510 |
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Keywords |
tension wood; opposite wood; tropical rainforest; physical and mechanical properties |
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Abstract |
On 10 trees from 10 species of French Guyana tropical rainforest in a clear active process of restoring verticality growth strains were measured in situ in order to determine the occurrence of tension wood within samples. Wood specimens were cut in the vicinity of the growth strains measurements in order to measure some mechanical and physical properties. As suspected, tensile growth strains was very much higher in tension wood zone, because longitudinal modulus of elasticity was slightly higher. Longitudinal shrinkage was also much higher in tension wood than in opposite wood. |
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Address |
UMR EcoFoG, Kourou 97387, Guyana, Email: ruelle@nuagr1.agr.nagoya-u.ac.jp |
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EDP SCIENCES S A |
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1286-4560 |
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Notes |
ISI:000248098600003 |
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no |
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Call Number |
EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
Serial |
160 |
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Author |
Bonal, D.; Born, C.; Brechet, C.; Coste, S.; Marcon, E.; Roggy, J.C.; Guehl, J.M. |
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Title |
The successional status of tropical rainforest tree species is associated with differences in leaf carbon isotope discrimination and functional traits |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2007 |
Publication |
Annals of Forest Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ann. For. Sci. |
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Volume |
64 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
169-176 |
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Keywords |
C-13; functional diversity; leaf gas exchange; species grouping; tropical rainforest |
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Abstract |
We characterised the among species variability in leaf gas exchange and morphological traits under controlled conditions of seedlings of 22 tropical rainforest canopy species to understand the origin of the variability in leaf carbon isotope discrimination (Delta) among species with different growth and dynamic characteristics (successional gradient). Our results first suggest that these species pursue a consistent strategy in terms of. throughout their ontogeny (juveniles grown here versus canopy adult trees from the natural forest). Second, leaf Delta was negatively correlated with WUE and N, and positively correlated with g(s), but among species differences in Delta were mainly explained by differences in WUE. Finally, species belonging to different successional groups display distinct leaf functional and morphological traits. We confirmed that fast growing early successional species maximise carbon assimilation with high stomatal conductance. In contrast, fast and slow growing late successional species are both characterised by low carbon assimilation values, but by distinct stomatal conductance and leaf morphological features. Along the successional gradient, these differences result in much lower Delta for the intermediate species (i.e. fast growing late successional) as compared to the two other groups. |
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Address |
INRA Kourou, UMR Ecol Forets Guyane, F-97387 Kourou, Guyane, France, Email: damien.bonal@kourou.cirad.fr |
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EDP SCIENCES S A |
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1286-4560 |
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Notes |
ISI:000244438100006 |
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no |
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Call Number |
EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
Serial |
169 |
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Author |
Scotti, I.; Paglia, G.; Magni, F.; Morgante, M. |
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Title |
Population genetics of Norway spruce (Picea abies Karst.) at regional scale: sensitivity of different microsatellite motif classes in detecting differentiation |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2006 |
Publication |
Annals of Forest Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ann. For. Sci. |
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Volume |
63 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
485-491 |
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Keywords |
conifers; SSR; divergence; statistical testing; genetic distance |
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Abstract |
Four populations of Norway spruce (Picea abies Karst.) were screened using nine nuclear microsatellite markers (three trinucleotides and six dinucleotides) and four chloroplast markers (all mononucleotides). Marker classes were compared for their variability, mutation rate and ability to detect differentiation between stands. Dinucleotide markers proved to be the most variable group and chloroplast stretches the least variable, with differences in mutation rate between the former and the latter spanning over two orders of magnitude. Variability correlated to the number of repeats but not to the absolute length of the microsatellite region. The different marker classes were combined with two different measures of genetic distance in order to investigate the performance of markers and evolutionary models for the study of genetic variation in natural populations of Norway spruce. Weir and Cockeram's F-ST generally performed better in this clear-cut, four-population model study. Chloroplast haplotypes turned out to be the most sensitive marker system, being able to differentiate populations and to detect differences in genetic variability between sub-regions. |
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Address |
INRA, UMR ECOFOG, Kourou 97387, French Guiana, Email: ivan.scotti@kourou.cirad.fr |
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EDP SCIENCES S A |
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1286-4560 |
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Notes |
ISI:000240514800005 |
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no |
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Call Number |
EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
Serial |
177 |
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Author |
Clair, B.; Almeras, T.; Sugiyama, J. |
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Title |
Compression stress in opposite wood of angiosperms: observations in chestnut, mani and poplar |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2006 |
Publication |
Annals of Forest Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ann. For. Sci. |
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Volume |
63 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
507-510 |
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Keywords |
reaction wood; compression wood; tension wood; opposite wood; plant biomechanics; growth stresses; microfibrils angle |
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Abstract |
In order to face environmental constraints, trees are able to re-orient their axes by controlling the stress level in the newly formed wood layers. Angiosperms and gymnosperms evolved into two distinct mechanisms: the former produce a wood with large tension pre-stress on the upper side of the tilted axis, while the latter produce a wood with large compression pre-stress on the lower side. In both cases, the difference between this stress level and that of the opposite side, in light tension, generates the bending of the axis. However, light values of compression were sometimes measured in the opposite side of angiosperms. By analysing old data on chestnut and mani and new data on poplar, this study shows that these values were not measurement artefacts. This reveals that generating light compression stress in opposite wood contributes to improve the performance of the re-orientation mechanism. |
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Address |
Kyoto Univ, Res Inst Sustainable Humanosphere, Lab Biomass Morphogenesis & Informat, Uji, Kyoto 6110011, Japan, Email: clair@lmgc.univ-montp2.fr |
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EDP SCIENCES S A |
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1286-4560 |
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Notes |
ISI:000240514800008 |
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no |
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Call Number |
EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
Serial |
223 |
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Author |
Liu, S.Q.; Loup, C.; Gril, J.; Dumonceaud, O.; Thibaut, A.; Thibaut, B. |
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Title |
Studies on European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.). Part 1: Variations of wood colour parameters |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2005 |
Publication |
Annals of Forest Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ann. For. Sci. |
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Volume |
62 |
Issue |
7 |
Pages |
625-632 |
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Keywords |
Fagus sylvatica L.; CIELab colour system; solid wood; red heartwood |
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Abstract |
Colour parameters of European beech were measured using CIELab system. 103 logs from 87 trees in 9 sites were cut into boards to study the radial variations of wood colour parameters. Both site and tree effects on colour were observed. Patterns of red heartwood occurrence were defined. When excepting red heartwood there was still a highly significant effect of site and tree. Axial and radial variations were small, except very near the pith or in red heartwood, suggesting possible early selection at periphery under colour criteria. Red heartwood is darker, redder and more yellow than normal peripheral wood. |
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Address |
Univ Montpellier 2, Lab Mecan & Genie Civil, F-34095 Montpellier, France, Email: jgril@lmgc.univ-montp2.fr |
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EDP SCIENCES S A |
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1286-4560 |
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Notes |
ISI:000233179100003 |
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Call Number |
EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
Serial |
251 |
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Author |
Scotti-Saintagne, C.; Bertocchi, E.; Barreneche, T.; Kremer, A.; Plomion, C. |
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Title |
Quantitative trait loci mapping for vegetative propagation in pedunculate oak |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2005 |
Publication |
Annals of Forest Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ann. For. Sci. |
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Volume |
62 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
369-374 |
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Keywords |
vegetative propagation; QTL; Quercus robur |
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Abstract |
Vegetative propagation is one of the main methods used for the deployment of improved genetic forest tree species. The objective of this paper was to study the genetic architecture of vegetative propagation by detecting Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL) in pedunculate oak ( Quercus robur). The mapping population consisted on an F-1 family of 278 offspring. Assessment of rooting ability over three years permitted the detection of 10 QTLs explaining between 4.4 and 13.8% of phenotypic variance, of which the two strongest were stable across years. Ongoing genomics programs in trees and in Arabidopsis are starting to shed light on the nature of the underlying genes. |
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Address |
Equipe Genet, INRA, UMR 1202, BIOGECO, F-33612 Cestas, France, Email: christophe.plomion@pierroton.inra.fr |
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E D P SCIENCES |
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1286-4560 |
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ISI:000229668600010 |
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Call Number |
EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
Serial |
255 |
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Author |
Amusant, N.; Beauchene, J.; Fournier, M.; Janin, G.; Thevenon, M.F. |
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Title |
Decay resistance in Dicorynia guianensis Amsh.: analysis of inter-tree and intra-tree variability and relations with wood colour |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2004 |
Publication |
Annals of Forest Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ann. For. Sci. |
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Volume |
61 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
373-380 |
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Keywords |
Dicorynia guianensis; Amazonian wood; wood colour/decay resistance; heartwood; variability |
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Abstract |
Dicorynia guianensis Amsh. is very widespread in the forests of French Guiana and moreover is the leading species harvested in this area, but its main defect remains the great variability of wood durability, especially with respect to fungal decay. The aim of this work was to study this inter- and intra-tree variability in order to identify the parameters responsible for this variation (growth area, height and radial position) within the tree. The resistance decrease from the outer heartwood to the pith. Measurement of colour variation using the CIELAB (L*, a*, b*, C*, h*) system was performed at the intra-tree level to highlight the longitudinal and radial gradients of variation. Dicorynia guianensis becomes less red and dark from the outer to the inner heartwood and from the base to the top. Lastly, variations of colour and durability were correlated: the wood is less resistant the redder and darker it is. |
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Address |
CIRAD Foret, Forest Prod Programme, F-34398 Montpellier 5, France, Email: nadine.amusant@cirad.fr |
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E D P SCIENCES |
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1286-4560 |
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ISI:000223955500009 |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
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262 |
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Author |
Bardet, S.; Beauchene, J.; Thibaut, B. |
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Title |
Influence of basic density and temperature on mechanical properties perpendicular to grain of ten wood tropical species |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2003 |
Publication |
Annals of Forest Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ann. For. Sci. |
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Volume |
60 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
49-59 |
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Keywords |
green wood; tropical wood; transverse mechanical properties; basic density; softening temperature |
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Abstract |
The influence of temperature on transverse mechanical properties of 10 tropical species in green condition was studied in radial compression (0 to 99 degreesC), transverse shear with longitudinal-radial shearing plane and rupture of the longitudinal-tangential plane (20 to 80 degreesC). Basic density ranged from 0.21 to 0.91 g cm(-3). Load-displacement curves were characterised by initial rigidity, yield stress, yield strain and strain energy at 20% strain level. The relation between each criterion and basic density was expressed by a power law. The dependency on temperature evidenced a sharp glassy transition, except for the fracture energy only slightly influenced by temperature. An empirical model allowed evaluating a transition temperature between 51 and 69 degreesC, depending on the species and the criterion, which was attributed to lignin. Detailed analysis of the apparent modulus in radial compression suggested that complex relaxation phenomena occur around 10 degreesC and that the rubbery state is not fully reached at 80 degreesC. |
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Address |
Univ Montpellier 2, Lab Mecan & Genie Civil, Equipe Bois, F-34095 Montpellier 5, France |
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E D P SCIENCES |
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1286-4560 |
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ISI:000181322100006 |
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Call Number |
EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
Serial |
275 |
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