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Picard, N.; Gourlet-Fleury, S.; Sist, P. |
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Using process-dependent groups of species to model the dynamics of a tropical rainforest |
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2003 |
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Modelling Forest Systems |
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237-248 |
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The high tree species diversity in tropical forests is difficult to take into account in models. The usual solution consists of defining groups of species and then adjusting a set of parameters for each group. In this study, we address this issue by allowing a species to move from one species group to another, depending on the biological process that is concerned. We developed this approach with a matrix model of forest dynamics, for a tropical rainforest in French Guiana, at Paracou, focusing on the methodological aspects. The forest dynamics is split into three components: recruitment, growth and mortality. We then built five recruitment groups, five growth groups and five mortality groups. One species is characterized by a combination of the three groups, thus yielding in total 5 X 5 X 5 = 125 possibilities, out of which 43 are actually observed. The resulting matrix model provides a better view of the floristic composition of the forest, and does not have more parameters than it would have with five global species groups. However, its predictions are no more precise than those of the matrix model based on five global groups. |
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Cirad Foret, Montpellier, France |
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CABI PUBLISHING |
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ISI:000231866400021 |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
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249 |
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Baraloto, C.; Ferreira, E.; Rockwell, C.; Walthier, F. |
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Title |
Limitations and Applications of Parataxonomy for Community Forest Management in Southwestern Amazonia |
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Journal Article |
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2007 |
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Ethnobotany Research & Applications |
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5 |
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77-84 |
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We examined the limitations of parataxonomic inventories for developing management plans for woody plant resources in tropical rain forests of southwestern Amazonia. Using compilations of herbarium labels, forest personnel interviews and published species descriptions, we assessed the accuracy of common names as parataxonomic units (PUs). We identified 384 common names for 310 harvested woody plant species in the Brazilian state of Acre, of which only 50% were unique to a single taxonomic species. About 10% of common names referred to more than one species, more than half of which included multiple genera. For the 106 species from the Acre sample common to the MAP region including Madre de Dios, Peru and Pando, Bolivia, we identified 198 common names. Splitting was much more frequent in this sample, with more than 80% of species having more than one common name. When the Acre sample was expanded to 131 species from the Brazilian Amazon region, including the states of Amazonas and Para, we identified 740 common names, with nearly 90% of species being represented by more than one common name. Errors and inaccuracy of parataxonomy may contribute to market instability if product orders can not be homogenized within regional markets, and to unsustainable harvests if species are mistakenly lumped into single parataxonomic units. We discuss several programs currently being implemented by our collaborative team in the region to address this issue, including field guides based on digital photography, field courses, and workshops featuring discussions between regional inventory personnel and botanists. |
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2008; Limitations and Applications of Parataxonomy for Community Forest Management in Southwestern Amazonia |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ 14 |
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214 |
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Bereau, M.; Bonal, D.; Louisanna, E.; Garbaye, J. |
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Do mycorrhizas improve tropical tree seedling performance under water stress and low light conditions? A case study with Dicorynia guianensis (Caesalpiniaceae) |
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Journal Article |
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2005 |
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Journal of Tropical Ecology |
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J. Trop. Ecol. |
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21 |
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375-381 |
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French Guiana; leaf gas exchange; mycorrhizal symbiosis; tropical forest; water limitation |
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We tested the response of seedlings of Diconyina guianensis, a major timber tree species of French Guiana, to mycorrhizal symbiosis and water limitation in a semi-con trolled experiment under natural light conditions. Under well-watered conditions, mycorrhizal colonization resulted in an increase of net photosynthesis, growth and phosphorus uptake. When submitted to water stress, no growth reduction of mycorrhizal seedlings was observed. Mycorrhizal seedlings were more sensitive to drought than non-mycorrhizal ones in terms of carbon assimilation, but not with regard to stomatal closure. In contrast to previous studies on temperate tree seedlings, this result precludes a mycorrhizal effect on the hydraulic properties of this species. Furthermore, our results suggest that below a specific threshold of soil moisture, carbon assimilation of D. guianensis seedlings was decreased by the mycorrhizal symbiosis. This is probably related to the competition between the plant and its host fungus for carbon allocation under low light intensity, even though it did not seem to have a significant effect on mortality in our experiment. |
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UMR Ecofog, Kourou 97387, French Guiana, Email: bercau.m@kourou.cirad.fr |
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CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS |
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0266-4674 |
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ISI:000231009300003 |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
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232 |
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Koponen, P.; Nygren, P.; Domenach, A.M.; Le Roux, C.; Saur, E.; Roggy, J.C. |
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Nodulation and dinitrogen fixation of legume trees in a tropical freshwater swamp forest in French Guiana |
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Journal Article |
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2003 |
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Journal of Tropical Ecology |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Trop. Ecol. |
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19 |
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655-666 |
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acetylene reduction assay; Bradyrhizobium; flooding; microtopography; N-15 natural abundance method; 16S rDNA sequencing |
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Nodulated legume trees comprised 43% of the stand basal area in the low, most frequently flooded microsites, and 23% in higher, drier microsites in a tropical freshwater swamp forest in French Guiana. Dinitrogen fixation in Pterocarpus officinalis, Hydrochorea corymbosa and Inga pilosula was confirmed by acetylene reduction assay (ARA), presence of leghaemoglobin in nodules and the N-15 natural abundance method. The results for Zygia cataractae were inconclusive but suggested N-2 fixation in drier microsites. Nodulated Inga disticha had a N-15-to-N-14 ratio similar to non-N-2-fixing trees, but ARA indicated nitrogenase activity and leghaemoglobin was present in nodules. All bacterial strains were identified as Bradyrhizobium spp. according to the partial 16S rDNA sequences, and they were infective in vitro in the model species Macroptilium atropurpuretan. About 35-50% of N in the leaves of P. officinalis, H. corymbosa and I. pilosula was fixed from the atmosphere. Dinitrogen fixation was estimated to contribute at least 8-13% and 1728% to whole-canopy N in high and low microsites, respectively. Symbiotic N, fixation appears to provide both a competitive advantage to legume trees under N-limited, flooded conditions and an important N input to neotropical freshwater swamp forests. |
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Univ Helsinki, Dept Forest Ecol, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland |
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CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS |
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0266-4674 |
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ISI:000186710800005 |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
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242 |
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Orivel, J.; Leroy, C. |
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The diversity and ecology of ant gardens (Hymenoptera: Formicidae; Spermatophyta: Angiospermae) |
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Journal Article |
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2011 |
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Myrmecological News |
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Myrmecol. News |
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14 |
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73-85 |
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Ant-plant interactions; epiphytes; mutualisms; Neotropics; Paleotropics; phytotelm; parabiosis; seed dispersal; review |
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Mutualistic interactions between ants and plants are important features of many ecosystems, and they can be divided into three main categories: dispersal and protective mutualisms and myrmecotrophy. In both the Neotropics and the Southeastern Asian Paleotropics, ant gardens (AGs), a particular type of ant-plant interaction, are frequent. To initiate AGs, ants integrate the seeds of certain epiphyte species into the carton of their nest. The development of the plants leads to the formation of a cluster of epiphytes rooted in the carton. They have been defined as one of the most complex associations between ants and plants known because of the plurispecific, but also specialized nature of the association involving several phylogenetically-distant ant and plant species. The aim of this review is to provide a synthesis of the diversity and ecology of AGs, including the outcomes experienced by the partners in the interaction and the direct and indirect impacts ant-garden ants have on the plant and arthropod communities. |
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[Orivel, Jerome; Leroy, Celine] CNRS, UMR Ecol Forets Guyane, Kourou 97379, French Guiana, Email: jerome.orivel@ecofog.gf |
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OESTERREICHISCHE GESELL ENTOMOFAUNISTIK, C/O NATURHISTOR MUSEUM WIEN |
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1994-4136 |
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ISI:000286844100009 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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292 |
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Vincent, G.; Weissenbacher, E.; Sabatier, D.; Blanc, L.; Proisy, C.; Couteron, P. |
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Detection des variations de structure de peuplements en foret dense tropicale humide par lidar aeroporte |
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2010 |
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Revue Francaise de Photogrammetrie et de Teledetection |
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Rev. Fr. Photogramm. Teledetect. |
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191 |
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42-51 |
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Above-ground biomass estimation; Canopy height model; Stem diameter distribution; Tropical moist forest; Above ground biomass; Above ground level; Airborne LiDAR; Basal area; Canopy Height Models; Carbon stocks; Characterisation; Classical fields; Coefficient of variation; Diameter distributions; Digital terrain model; Flooded areas; Forest ecology; Forest structure; Forest type; High spatial resolution; Individual tree; LIDAR data; Light detection and ranging; Local statistics; Long term; Management issues; Natural forests; Natural variation; Pearson correlation coefficients; Quadratic mean diameter; Soil characteristics; Soil cover; Spatial changes; Spatial resolution; Stem density; Stem diameter; Stem height; Strong correlation; Tree height; Tropical moist forest; Tropical rain forest; Vegetation structure; Vertical accuracy; Water regime; Discriminant analysis; Ecology; Optical radar; Remote sensing; Soils; Statistics; Stem cells; Temperature control; Tropics; Vegetation; Forestry; Biomass; Discriminant Analysis; Ecology; Forest Canopy; Forestry; Radar; Remote Sensing; Stems; Temperature Control; Tropical Atmospheres |
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Characterisation of forest structure is a major stake for forestry, species conservation, carbon stock estimates and many forest ecology and management issues. At large scale natural forest structure tends to vary according to climate and geomorphomology (Paget, 1999; Steege et al., 2006) while soil characteristics (and notably water regime) and syMgenetic stage add some finer scale variation (Oldeman, 1989; Sabatier et al., 1997). Forest structure characterisation traditionally relies on field-based collection of individual tree dimensions such as stem diameter and stem height sampled across tracks of forest (Hall et al., 1998). However, such field intensive methods are costly, and of low accuracy regarding measures of tree heights. Airborne light detection and ranging (LiDAR) technology provides horizontal and vertical Information at high spatial resolutions and vertical accuracies (Lim et al., 2003; Hyyppä et al., 2004). It has the potential for gathering vegetation structure data over large areas rapidly at moderate cost and hence is of particular relevance for poorly sampled, difficult to access and largely unexplored tropical rainforests. In this study we examined the ability of airborne LiDAR to detect spatial changes in the structure of dense tropical rain forest and we probed this remote sensing approach against local statistics derived from stem diameters (i.e. classical field data information) mapped across a large track of forest at a long term experimental site in French Guyana. The large variability in forest structure occurring at the experimental site is du to natural variation of the soil cover (and notably drainage properties) combined with various logging intensities applied 15 years before the LiDAR data were acquired. On this basis ten different forest types were identified at the site (figure 1 and 3). Various stem based statistics were computed for a series of meshes with cells ranging from 30 by 30 m plots to 250 by 250 m plots. These statistics included basal area, stem density, quadratic mean diameter, and diameter distribution percentiles. Similarly local statistics were extracted either from the Canopy Height Model (e.g. median height, mean height, standard height deviation, height coefficient of variation, height percentiles, frequency of hits below 5 m above ground level). Additionally a wetness index (Böhner et al., 2002) was computed at each node of a 5 by 5 m grid from the Digital Terrain Model also extracted from the LiDAR data set. We used both types of cell statistics to discriminate the various forest types. Comparison between the two approaches for a range of spatial resolution is available from in table 1. Results indicate that LiDAR based statistics are essentially as powerful as field based statistics to discriminate forest types at coarse scale. This reflects the very strong correlation between the CHM and the field based stem diameter data. For example (figure 5) the Pearson correlation coefficient between median height and quadratic mean diameter for cells of 125 by 125 m is 0.945 (n=0.72). When a finer resolution is required however as for the detection of seasonally flooded bottomland forest along thalwegs, then LiDAR technology proves more efficient than field based inventories as it combines information from the DTM and the CHM. The wetness index alone correctly retrieves about 2 thirds of the seasonally flooded areas. All in all, discriminant analysis performance of the LiDAR derived information approaches 80% when classifying forests cover at the finest scale of 5 by 5m into 10 different types and reaches 87% when a coarser classification Into 6 forest types is considered (figure 4). |
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IRD, UMR AMAP, Montpellier, France |
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17689791 (Issn) |
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Cited By (since 1996): 1; Export Date: 21 October 2011; Source: Scopus; Language of Original Document: French; Correspondence Address: Vincent, G.; IRD, UMR AMAP, Kourou – BP 701 (CIRAD) 97387 Kourou cedex -Guyane, France |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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351 |
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Basset, C.; Rodrigues, A.M.S.; Eparvier, V.; Silva, M.R.R.; Lopes, N.P.; Sabatier, D.; Fonty, E.; Espindola, L.S.; Stien, D. |
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Secondary metabolites from Spirotropis longifolia (DC) Baill and their antifungal activity against human pathogenic fungi |
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Journal Article |
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2012 |
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Phytochemistry |
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Phytochemistry |
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74 |
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166-172 |
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Antifungal; Cytotoxic; Leguminosae; Monodominant species; Prenylated pterocarpans; Spirotropis longifolia |
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A phytochemical study of the ethyl acetate extract of the roots and adventitious roots of Spirotropis longifolia, a monodominant tree species of the Guianan rainforest, has allowed the isolation of three compounds: 2-hydroxy-8,9-methylenedioxy-2′,2′-dimethylpyrano-[5′, 6′:4,3]-6a-prenyl-[6aS,11aS]-pterocarpan (spirotropin A), 2-hydroxy-8,9-methylenedioxy-2′,2′-dimethyl-3′, 4′-dihydropyrano-[5′,6′:4,3]-6a-prenyl-[6aS,11aS]-pterocarpan (spirotropin B), and 5,7-dihydroxy-6,8-diprenyl-2,2-dimethylpyrano[5,6: 3′,4′]-isoflavone (spirotropone). In addition, 10 known compounds, trans-oxyresveratrol, trans-resveratrol, piceatannol, daidzein, genistein, isoprunetin, lupeol, latifolol, gnetin D and gnetin E, were also isolated. These compounds were evaluated for their antifungal activity and their cytotoxicity, and their structures were established by 1D and 2D NMR, HRMS, CD and optical rotation measurements. © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. |
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CNRS, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, 1 avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, France |
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00319422 (Issn) |
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Export Date: 23 February 2012; Source: Scopus; Coden: Pytca; doi: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2011.10.011; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: Espindola, L.S.; Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil; email: darvenne@unb.br |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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381 |
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Vantaux, A.; Roux, O.; Magro, A.; Orivel, J. |
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Evolutionary perspectives on myrmecophily in ladybirds |
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2012 |
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Psyche |
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Psyche |
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591570 |
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1-7 |
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Myrmecophiles are species that usually have developed specialized traits to cope with the aggressiveness of ants enabling them to live in their vicinity. Many coccinellid species are predators of Hemiptera; the latter is also often protected by ants. Therefore these ladybirds frequently interact with ants, and some species have become myrmecophilous. In this paper, we aim to provide an overview of the evolution of myrmecophilous traits in ladybirds. We then discuss the costs and benefits of myrmecophily and the dietary shift to myrmecophagy observed in a few species. Copyright © 2012 Amélie Vantaux et al. |
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CNRS, UMR EcoFoG-Ecologie des Forêts de Guyane, Campus Agronomique, BP 316, 97379 Kourou Cedex, France |
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00332615 (Issn) |
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Export Date: 28 March 2012; Source: Scopus; Art. No.: 591570; doi: 10.1155/2012/591570; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: Vantaux, A.; Entomology Laboratory, Zoological Institute, Catholic University of Leuven, Naamsestraat 59, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; email: amelie.vantaux@gmail.com |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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388 |
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Lacau, S.; Groc, S.; Dejean, A.; Oliveira, M.L.D.; Delabie, J.H.C. |
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Tatuidris kapasi sp. nov.: A new armadillo ant from French Guiana (Formicidae: Agroecomyrmecinae) |
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2012 |
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Psyche |
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Psyche |
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926089 |
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1-6 |
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Tatuidris kapasi sp. nov. (Formicidae: Agroecomyrmecinae), the second known species of “armadillo ant”, is described after a remarkable specimen collected in French Guiana. This species can be easily distinguished from Tatuidris tatusia by characters related to the shape of the mesosoma and petiole as well as to the pilosity, the sculpture, and the color. Copyright © 2012 Sébastien Lacau et al. |
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Laboratório de Mirmecologia, CEPLAC/CEPEC/SECEN, CP 07, km 22, Rodovia, Ilhéus-Itabuna, 45600-970 Itabuna, BA, Brazil |
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00332615 (Issn) |
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Export Date: 28 March 2012; Source: Scopus; Art. No.: 926089; doi: 10.1155/2012/926089; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: Lacau, S.; Laboratório de Biossistemática Animal, Universidade Estadual Do Sudoeste da Bahia, UESB/DEBI, 45700-000 Itapetinga, BA, Brazil; email: slacau@cepec.gov.br |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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389 |
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Schimann, H.; Petit-Jean, C.; Guitet, S.; Reis, T.; Domenach, A.M.; Roggy, J.-C. |
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Title |
Microbial bioindicators of soil functioning after disturbance: The case of gold mining in tropical rainforests of French Guiana |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2012 |
Publication |
Ecological Indicators |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ecol. Indic. |
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20 |
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34-41 |
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Keywords |
Bioindicators; DEA/SIR ratio; Denitrifying Enzyme Activity (DEA); Disturbance; Substrate Induced Respiration (SIR); Tropical rainforest |
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Abstract |
In the context of an ongoing monitoring study on the impacts of gold-mining activities on critical ecosystem processes, we explored the use of soil Denitrifying Enzyme Activity (DEA) and Substrate Induced Respiration (SIR) as ecosystem indicators in tropical rainforests of French Guiana. We also propose DEA/SIR ratio as ecosystem attribute able to describe the state of an ecosystem and to reflect changes in ecological processes. With this purpose, we measured SIR, DEA and DEA/SIR ratio in five gold-mining areas and five surrounding natural reference rainforests. We also measured indicators in two conditions of spontaneous regeneration of vegetation (stratified or not) and two conditions of soil rehabilitation (prior preparation of soils or not). We showed a high variability of DEA, SIR and DEA/SIR ratio in the natural reference forests. This pointed out the necessity to identify relevant reference systems – i.e. proving a close match in all relevant ecological dimensions – to compare with closed perturbed systems in order to assess the levels of alterations after disturbances. Results showed a high impact of gold mine on microbial processes with a strong decrease of DEA (10-fold lower), SIR (2-fold lower) and DEA/SIR ratio (8-fold lower) in perturbed areas in comparison with natural reference forests. The type of spontaneous vegetation (stratified or not) influenced the values of indicators as well as prior rehabilitation of soils, demonstrating the capacity of DEA, SIR and DEA/SIR ratio to respond in proportion to the perturbation (robustness) and to the different levels of restoration (sensitivity). The systematic decrease of the ratio DEA/SIR observed in the studied perturbed situations demonstrates clearly that the structure of microbial communities has been also modified. The ratio DEA/SIR proved to be robust and sensitive, and able to describe in fairly fine way changes of soil microbial communities in terms of structure and function in gold mine areas and during processes of restoration. We propose to use DEA, SIR and DEA/SIR ratio as bioindicators of both structural and functional aspects of C and N cycling in soils. Together with others bioindicators based on key supporting functions in soils, these indicators should accurately evaluate the ecological potential of natural ecosystems and the levels of degradation in case of land-use changes. © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. |
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SOLICAZ – Campus Agronomique, BP 76, 97389 Kourou Cedex, France |
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1470160x (Issn) |
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Notes |
Export Date: 2 May 2012; Source: Scopus; doi: 10.1016/j.ecolind.2012.01.021; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: Schimann, H.; INRA-Joint Research Unit Ecology of Guiana Forests (Ecofog), Campus Agronomique, BP 709, 97387 Kourou Cedex, France; email: heidy.schimann@ecofog.gf |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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396 |
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