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Schimann, H.; Petit-Jean, C.; Guitet, S.; Reis, T.; Domenach, A.M.; Roggy, J.-C. |
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Title |
Microbial bioindicators of soil functioning after disturbance: The case of gold mining in tropical rainforests of French Guiana |
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Journal Article |
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2012 |
Publication |
Ecological Indicators |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ecol. Indic. |
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20 |
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34-41 |
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Bioindicators; DEA/SIR ratio; Denitrifying Enzyme Activity (DEA); Disturbance; Substrate Induced Respiration (SIR); Tropical rainforest |
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In the context of an ongoing monitoring study on the impacts of gold-mining activities on critical ecosystem processes, we explored the use of soil Denitrifying Enzyme Activity (DEA) and Substrate Induced Respiration (SIR) as ecosystem indicators in tropical rainforests of French Guiana. We also propose DEA/SIR ratio as ecosystem attribute able to describe the state of an ecosystem and to reflect changes in ecological processes. With this purpose, we measured SIR, DEA and DEA/SIR ratio in five gold-mining areas and five surrounding natural reference rainforests. We also measured indicators in two conditions of spontaneous regeneration of vegetation (stratified or not) and two conditions of soil rehabilitation (prior preparation of soils or not). We showed a high variability of DEA, SIR and DEA/SIR ratio in the natural reference forests. This pointed out the necessity to identify relevant reference systems – i.e. proving a close match in all relevant ecological dimensions – to compare with closed perturbed systems in order to assess the levels of alterations after disturbances. Results showed a high impact of gold mine on microbial processes with a strong decrease of DEA (10-fold lower), SIR (2-fold lower) and DEA/SIR ratio (8-fold lower) in perturbed areas in comparison with natural reference forests. The type of spontaneous vegetation (stratified or not) influenced the values of indicators as well as prior rehabilitation of soils, demonstrating the capacity of DEA, SIR and DEA/SIR ratio to respond in proportion to the perturbation (robustness) and to the different levels of restoration (sensitivity). The systematic decrease of the ratio DEA/SIR observed in the studied perturbed situations demonstrates clearly that the structure of microbial communities has been also modified. The ratio DEA/SIR proved to be robust and sensitive, and able to describe in fairly fine way changes of soil microbial communities in terms of structure and function in gold mine areas and during processes of restoration. We propose to use DEA, SIR and DEA/SIR ratio as bioindicators of both structural and functional aspects of C and N cycling in soils. Together with others bioindicators based on key supporting functions in soils, these indicators should accurately evaluate the ecological potential of natural ecosystems and the levels of degradation in case of land-use changes. © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. |
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SOLICAZ – Campus Agronomique, BP 76, 97389 Kourou Cedex, France |
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1470160x (Issn) |
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Export Date: 2 May 2012; Source: Scopus; doi: 10.1016/j.ecolind.2012.01.021; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: Schimann, H.; INRA-Joint Research Unit Ecology of Guiana Forests (Ecofog), Campus Agronomique, BP 709, 97387 Kourou Cedex, France; email: heidy.schimann@ecofog.gf |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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396 |
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Guevara, J.E.; Damasco, G.; Baraloto, C.; Fine, P.V.A.; Peñuela, M.C.; Castilho, C.; Vincentini, A.; Cárdenas, D.; Wittmann, F.; Targhetta, N.; Phillips, O.; Stropp, J.; Amaral, I.; Maas, P.; Monteagudo, A.; Jimenez, E.M.; Thomas, R.; Brienen, R.; Duque, A.; Magnusson, W.; Ferreira, C.; Honorio, E.; de Almeida Matos, F.; Arevalo, F.R.; Engel, J.; Petronelli, P.; Vasquez, R.; ter Steege, H. |
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Title |
Low Phylogenetic Beta Diversity and Geographic Neo-endemism in Amazonian White-sand Forests |
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Journal Article |
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2016 |
Publication |
Biotropica |
Abbreviated Journal |
Biotropica |
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48 |
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1 |
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34-46 |
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Amazon; Neo-endemism; Phylogenetic beta diversity; Recent diversification; White sands |
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Over the past three decades, many small-scale floristic studies of white-sand forests across the Amazon basin have been published. Nonetheless, a basin-wide description of both taxonomic and phylogenetic alpha and beta diversity at regional scales has never been achieved. We present a complete floristic analysis of white-sand forests across the Amazon basin including both taxonomic and phylogenetic diversity. We found strong regional differences in the signal of phylogenetic community structure with both overall and regional Net Relatedness Index and Nearest Taxon Index values found to be significantly positive leading to a pattern of phylogenetic clustering. Additionally, we found high taxonomic dissimilarity but low phylogenetic dissimilarity in pairwise community comparisons. These results suggest that recent diversification has played an important role in the assembly of white-sand forests causing geographic neo-endemism patterns at the regional scale. © 2016 The Association for Tropical Biology and Conservation. |
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Ecology and Biodiversity Group, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands |
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Cited By :3; Export Date: 12 February 2016 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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660 |
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Birer, C.; Tysklind, N.; Zinger, L.; Duplais, C. |
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Comparative analysis of DNA extraction methods to study the body surface microbiota of insects: A case study with ant cuticular bacteria |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2017 |
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Molecular Ecology Resources |
Abbreviated Journal |
Mol Ecol Resour |
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17 |
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6 |
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e34-e45 |
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16S rRNA; bacterial communities; cuticular microbiome; insect cuticle; metabarcoding |
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High-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene has considerably helped revealing the essential role of bacteria living on insect cuticles in the ecophysiology and behaviour of their hosts. However, our understanding of host-cuticular microbiota feedbacks remains hampered by the difficulties of working with low bacterial DNA quantities as with individual insect cuticle samples, which are more prone to molecular biases and contaminations. Herein, we conducted a methodological benchmark on the cuticular bacterial loads retrieved from two Neotropical ant species of different body size and ecology: Atta cephalotes (~15 mm) and Pseudomyrmex penetrator (~5 mm). We evaluated the richness and composition of the cuticular microbiota, as well as the amount of biases and contamination produced by four DNA extraction protocols. We also addressed how bacterial community characteristics would be affected by the number of individuals or individual body size used for DNA extraction. Most extraction methods yielded similar results in terms of bacterial diversity and composition for A. cephalotes (~15 mm). In contrast, greater amounts of artefactual sequences and contaminations, as well as noticeable differences in bacterial community characteristics were observed between extraction methods for P. penetrator (~5 mm). We also found that large (~15 mm) and small (~5 mm) A. cephalotes individuals harbour different bacterial communities. Our benchmark suggests that cuticular microbiota of single individual insects can be reliably retrieved provided that blank controls, appropriate data cleaning, and individual body size and functional role within insect society are considered in the experiment. |
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1755-0998 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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781 |
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Dejean, A.; Carpenter, J.M.; Gibernau, M.; Leponce, M.; Corbara, B. |
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Nest relocation and high mortality rate in a Neotropical social wasp: Impact of an exceptionally rainy La Nina year |
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Journal Article |
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2010 |
Publication |
Comptes Rendus Biologies |
Abbreviated Journal |
C. R. Biol. |
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333 |
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1 |
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35-40 |
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Vespidae; Population size variation; Microevolution; La Nina; French Guiana |
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After noting the forecast of a La Nina episode, associated with heavy rainfall in French Guiana, we monitored the fate of wasp nests before and during the 2006 short rainy season. The population of the most abundant epiponine wasp species, Polybia bistriata, decreased dramatically during the short rainy season (60.6% of the nests disappeared) then remained low for at least 18 months. Colonies that survived moved from the shelter of large, low leaves (a situation well adapted to the previous dry season) of the most frequent substrate tree, Clusia grandiflora (Clusiaceae), to upper leaves, better ventilated and whose orientation provides good protection from the rain. Therefore, the possibility of moving the nest higher during the first rains following the dry season seems very adaptive as colonies that do not do so are eliminated during the La Nina years, whose frequency will increase with global climate change. (C) 2009 Academie des sciences. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. |
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[Dejean, Alain; Gibernau, Marc] CNRS, UMR Ecofog 8172, F-97387 Kourou, France, Email: alain.dejean@wanadoo.fr |
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ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER |
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1631-0691 |
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ISI:000275984200006 |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
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64 |
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Revel, N.; Alvarez, N.; Gibernau, M.; Espíndola, A. |
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Investigating the relationship between pollination strategies and the size-advantage model in zoophilous plants using the reproductive biology of Arum cylindraceum and other European Arum species as case studies |
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Journal Article |
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2012 |
Publication |
Arthropod-Plant Interactions |
Abbreviated Journal |
Arthropod-Plant Interact. |
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6 |
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1 |
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35-44 |
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Araceae; Flower evolution; Plant-insect interactions; Reproductive strategy; Sex allocation |
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The size-advantage model (SAM) explains the temporal variation of energetic investment on reproductive structures (i. e. male and female gametes and reproductive organs) in long-lived hermaphroditic plants and animals. It proposes that an increase in the resources available to an organism induces a higher relative investment on the most energetically costly sexual structures. In plants, pollination interactions are known to play an important role in the evolution of floral features. Because the SAM directly concerns flower characters, pollinators are expected to have a strong influence on the application of the model. This hypothesis, however, has never been tested. Here, we investigate whether the identity and diversity of pollinators can be used as a proxy to predict the application of the SAM in exclusive zoophilous plants. We present a new approach to unravel the dynamics of the model and test it on several widespread Arum (Araceae) species. By identifying the species composition, abundance and spatial variation of arthropods trapped in inflorescences, we show that some species (i. e. A. cylindraceum and A. italicum) display a generalist reproductive strategy, relying on the exploitation of a low number of dipterans, in contrast to the pattern seen in the specialist A. maculatum (pollinated specifically by two fly species only). Based on the model presented here, the application of the SAM is predicted for the first two and not expected in the latter species, those predictions being further confirmed by allometric measures. We here demonstrate that while an increase in the female zone occurs in larger inflorescences of generalist species, this does not happen in species demonstrating specific pollinators. This is the first time that this theory is both proposed and empirically tested in zoophilous plants. Its overall biological importance is discussed through its application in other non-Arum systems. © 2011 Springer Science+Business Media B.V. |
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CNRS-UMR 8172 Ecologie des Forêts de Guyane, BP 709, 97387 Kourou, France |
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18728855 (Issn) |
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Export Date: 21 March 2012; Source: Scopus; doi: 10.1007/s11829-011-9164-1; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: Espíndola, A.; Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, Biophore Building, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; email: MariaAnahi.Espindola@unil.ch |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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384 |
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Niamké, F.B.; Amusant, N.; Kadio, A.A.; Thevenon, M.-F.; Nourissier, S.; Adima, A.A.; Jay-Allemand, C.; Chaix, G. |
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Rapid prediction of phenolic compounds as chemical markers for the natural durability of teak (Tectona grandis Linn f.) heartwood by near infrared spectroscopy |
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Journal Article |
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2014 |
Publication |
Journal of Near Infrared Spectroscopy |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Near Infrared Spectrosc. |
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22 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
35-43 |
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Heartwood; Hplc; Natural durability; NIR spectroscopy; Phenolic; Prediction; Quinone; Tectona grandis |
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Near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy provides rapid and non-destructive analysis of wood properties and composition. In this study, we aimed to use NIR measurement for the prediction of teak phenolic compounds, which are chemical markers for natural durability of wood. Twenty-seven teak trees from two geographical zones (Malaysia and Ivory Coast) were used. On ground heartwood samples, the content of total phenolics and individual quinones (tectoquinone, 2-(hydroxymethyl)anthraquinone, 2-anthraquinone carboxylic acid, 1,4-naphthoquinoneand 4c,5c-dihydroxy-epiisocatalponol) were determined using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Partial least squares (PLS) regression with NIR spectra on the same samples and phenolic data was used to build NIR models for phenolic contents. The PLS models for the total predicted phenolics and three quinone contents (tectoquinone, 2-(hydroxymethyl) anthraquinone, and 4¢,5¢-dihydroxy-epiisocatalponol) showed a good ratio of performance to deviation (RPD ≥ 2.5), strong coefficients of determination (r2 ≥ 0.8) and the prediction errors were consistent with the reference method. These results demonstrate that NIR spectroscopy can be reliable for the evaluation of total phenolics and individual quinones in teak heartwood wood meal. NIR spectroscopy is a promising technique for rapidly providing information on the quinone contents in teak wood and indirectly for knowing its natural durability. This finding leads to a precise, non-destructive tool for teak wood quality evaluation. © IM Publications LLP 2014. |
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CIRAD-UMR AGAP, Department of Forest Science, ESALQ / University of São Paulo, Avenue Pàdua Dias 11, CEP 13418-900, Piracicaba-SP, Brazil |
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N I R Publications |
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17516552 (Issn) |
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Export Date: 20 May 2014; Source: Scopus; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: Niamké, F.B.; LAPISEN, Groupe de Recherche en Chimie des Eaux et des Substances Naturelles, Institut National Polytechnique Houphouët Boigny, BP 1313, Yamoussoukro, Cote d'Ivoire |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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542 |
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Leroy, C.; Sabatier, S.; Wahyuni, N.S.; Barczi, J.F.; Dauzat, J.; Laurans, M.; Auclair, D. |
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Title |
Virtual trees and light capture: a method for optimizing agroforestry stand design |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2009 |
Publication |
Agroforestry Systems |
Abbreviated Journal |
Agrofor. Syst. |
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Volume |
77 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
37-47 |
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Acacia mangium; Tectona grandis; Agroforestry; Light interception; Plant architecture; Simulation; 3D virtual plant |
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In agroforestry systems, the distribution of light transmitted under tree canopies can be a limiting factor for the development of intercrops. The light available for intercrops depends on the quantity of light intercepted by tree canopies and, consequently, on the architecture of the tree species present. The influence of tree architecture on light transmission was analysed using dynamic 3D architectural models. The architectural analysis of Acacia mangium and Tectona grandis was performed in Indonesian agroforestry systems with trees aged from 1 to 3 years. 3D virtual trees were then generated with the AmapSim simulation software and 3D virtual experiments in which tree age, planting density, planting pattern and pruning intensity varied were reconstructed in order to simulate light available for the crop. Canopy closure of trees was more rapid in A. mangium than in T. grandis agroforestry systems; after 3 years the quantity of light available for A. mangium intercrops was three times lower than under T. grandis. Simulations with A. mangium showed that practices such as pruning and widening tree spacing enable to increase the total transmitted light within the stand. On T. grandis, modification of the tree row azimuth resulted in changes in the spatial and seasonal distribution of light available for the intercrops. These results are discussed in terms of agroforestry system management. |
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[Sabatier, Sylvie; Barczi, Jean-Francois; Dauzat, Jean; Laurans, Marilyne] CIRAD, UMR AMAP Botan & Bioinformat Architecture Plantes, F-34398 Montpellier 5, France, Email: sylvie-annabel.sabatier@cirad.fr |
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0167-4366 |
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ISI:000268865600004 |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
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199 |
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Leroy, C.; Gueroult, M.; Wahyuni, N.S.; Escoute, J.; Cereghino, R.; Sabatier, S.; Auclair, D. |
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Morphogenetic trends in the morphological, optical and biochemical features of phyllodes in Acacia mangium Willd (Mimosaceae) |
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Journal Article |
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2009 |
Publication |
Trees-Structure and Function |
Abbreviated Journal |
Trees-Struct. Funct. |
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23 |
Issue |
1 |
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37-49 |
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Chlorophyll; Phyllode morphology; Phyllode anatomy; Nitrogen; Optical properties; Plant architecture |
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Endogenous variations in the annual growth of trees suggest that similar trends would occur in phyllodes. In comparison to leaves, the characteristics of phyllodes are less well known, hence this study examines the effects of architectural position and age of tree on the phyllodes of Acacia mangium. Phyllodes were investigated on 1-, 2-, and 3-year-old trees from three axis positions within the crown. We focused on the morphological, optical and biochemical traits of the phyllodes. The increase in phyllode area and lamina thickness is more pronounced in the older trees. Leaf mass area (LMA), stomatal density, nitrogen and chlorophyll content increase with tree age. The values of these characteristics decrease from the main stem to the lower branches for the older trees. Phyllode light absorptance increased with tree age whereas reflectance was higher for the upper position compared to the lower position within the crown. Carotenoid content and chlorophyll a/b ratio were higher for the younger phyllodes of younger trees. Increasing tree size induced modifications in the phyllode characteristics which are influenced by both morphogenetic and light gradients within the crown. This study demonstrated pronounced changes in terms of morphological and functional indicators of photosynthetic capacity in relation to phyllode position within the crown and to tree age. These morphogenetic effects on the phyllode characteristics should be taken into account in studies on phenotypic plasticity. |
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[Sabatier, Sylvie] CIRAD, UMR AMAP BotAnique & BioinforMat Architecture, F-34398 Montpellier 5, France, Email: sylvie-annabel.sabatier@cirad.fr |
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0931-1890 |
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ISI:000262538700005 |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
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206 |
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Urbina, I.; Grau, O.; Sardans, J.; Ninot, J.M.; Peñuelas, J. |
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Encroachment of shrubs into subalpine grasslands in the Pyrenees changes the plant-soil stoichiometry spectrum |
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Journal Article |
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2020 |
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Plant and Soil |
Abbreviated Journal |
Plant Soil |
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448 |
Issue |
1-2 |
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37-53 |
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Nutrient stocks; Plant strategy; Plant-soil stoichiometry; Shrub encroachment; Subalpine grassland succession; aboveground biomass; biogeochemical cycle; carbon sequestration; ectomycorrhiza; fungus; grass; nitrogen; nutrient uptake; shrub; soil-vegetation interaction; stoichiometry; subalpine environment; succession; Europe; Pyrenees; Fungi |
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Aims: Shrub encroachment has been reported over a large proportion of the subalpine grasslands across Europe and is expected to have an important impact on the biogeochemical cycle of these ecosystems. We investigated the stoichiometric changes in the plant-soil system along the succession (e.g. increase in encroachment from unencroached grassland to mature shrubland) at two contrasting sites in the Pyrenees. Methods: We analyzed the chemical composition (C, N,15N, P, K, Ca, Mg and Fe) in the soil and in the aboveground plant compartments (leaves, leaf-litter and stems) of the main herbaceous species and shrubs at three contrasting stages of the succession: unencroached grassland, young shrubland and mature shrubland. Results: The plant-soil stoichiometry spectrum differed between the successional stages. Shrub encroachment generally increased the concentration of C and Ca and the C:N ratio and often reduced to concentrations of N, P and K in the leaves and leaf-litter, while several soil nutrient concentrations (N, P, K Ca and Mg) decreased. The stocks of C, N, P, Ca, and Mg in the total aboveground biomass increased with encroachment. Conclusions: Shrub encroachment favored the dominance of long-lived species with low concentrations of N and P in the plant-soil compartments, high C:nutrient ratios in the aboveground biomass and increase the uptake of N through ericoid or ectomycorrhizal fungi. We highlight the role of shrubs in the sequestration of C and nutrients through the allocation to the aboveground biomass. The changes in plant-soil elemental composition and stocks suggest a slowdown of the biogeochemical cycles in the subalpine mountain areas where shrub encroachment occurred. © 2020, Springer Nature Switzerland AG. |
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Biodiversity Research Institute (IRBio) and Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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983 |
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Leroy, C.; Cereghino, R.; Camas, J.F.; Pelozuelo, L.; Dejean, A.; Corbara, B. |
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Several aspects of the life of vascular epiphytes |
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2010 |
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Biofutur |
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Biofutur |
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315 |
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38-41 |
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[Leroy, Celine] CNRS, UMR Ecol Forets Guyane, Kourou 97379, French Guiana |
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ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER |
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0294-3506 |
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ISI:000284987300005 |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
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18 |
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