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Barriault, I.; Barabe, D.; Cloutier, L.; Gibernau, M. |
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Pollination ecology and reproductive success in Jack-in-the-pulpit (Arisaema triphyllum) in Quebec (Canada) |
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Journal Article |
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2010 |
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Plant Biology |
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Plant Biol. |
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12 |
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1 |
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161-171 |
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Araceae; bisexual inflorescence; deceptive pollination; Mycetophilidae; pollen load; Thysanoptera; visitation rates |
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Pollination ecology and reproductive success of Jack-in-the-pulpit (Arisaema triphyllum) were studied in two natural populations in Quebec, Canada. Individual A. triphyllum plants can be of three types: male, female or bisexual. In both populations studied, the presence of bisexual inflorescences was not negligible (13%), where 'female' and 'male' bisexual plants were categorised according to the relative number of stamens and ovaries. 'Male bisexual' plants produce only pollen and 'female bisexual' plants produce only fruit. Hence, A. triphyllum is a true dioecious plant, as each plant only reproduces through either the male or the female function. 'Female bisexual' plants were equivalent to female plants in terms of visitation rate by insects, fructification rate and production of berries and seeds. Neither agamospermy in female plants nor self-pollination in 'female bisexual' plants was found, thus A. triphyllum relies on insects for cross-pollination. Despite the long flowering cycle, a low visitation rate was documented: only 20-40% of inflorescences were visited, according to gender, by a mean of 1.5 insects. In this study, Mycetophilidae represented the most generically diversified and abundant family, as well as the most efficient insect pollinator, especially the genera Docosia and Mycetophila. |
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[Gibernau, M.] Univ Toulouse 3, Lab Evolut & Divers Biol, UMR, CNRS, F-31062 Toulouse 9, France, Email: gibernau@cict.fr |
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WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC |
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1435-8603 |
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ISI:000272589700017 |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
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89 |
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Barthe, S.; Gugerli, F.; Barkley, N.A.; Maggia, L.; Cardi, C.; Scotti, I. |
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Always look on both sides: Phylogenetic information conveyed by simple sequence repeat allele sequences |
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2012 |
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PLoS ONE |
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PLoS ONE |
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7 |
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7 |
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e40699 |
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Simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers are widely used tools for inferences about genetic diversity, phylogeography and spatial genetic structure. Their applications assume that variation among alleles is essentially caused by an expansion or contraction of the number of repeats and that, accessorily, mutations in the target sequences follow the stepwise mutation model (SMM). Generally speaking, PCR amplicon sizes are used as direct indicators of the number of SSR repeats composing an allele with the data analysis either ignoring the extent of allele size differences or assuming that there is a direct correlation between differences in amplicon size and evolutionary distance. However, without precisely knowing the kind and distribution of polymorphism within an allele (SSR and the associated flanking region (FR) sequences), it is hard to say what kind of evolutionary message is conveyed by such a synthetic descriptor of polymorphism as DNA amplicon size. In this study, we sequenced several SSR alleles in multiple populations of three divergent tree genera and disentangled the types of polymorphisms contained in each portion of the DNA amplicon containing an SSR. The patterns of diversity provided by amplicon size variation, SSR variation itself, insertions/deletions (indels), and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) observed in the FRs were compared. Amplicon size variation largely reflected SSR repeat number. The amount of variation was as large in FRs as in the SSR itself. The former contributed significantly to the phylogenetic information and sometimes was the main source of differentiation among individuals and populations contained by FR and SSR regions of SSR markers. The presence of mutations occurring at different rates within a marker's sequence offers the opportunity to analyse evolutionary events occurring on various timescales, but at the same time calls for caution in the interpretation of SSR marker data when the distribution of within-locus polymorphism is not known. |
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Unité Mixte de Recherche Ecologie des forêts de Guyane, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Kourou, French Guiana |
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19326203 (Issn) |
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Export Date: 30 July 2012; Source: Scopus; Art. No.: e40699; doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0040699; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: Scotti, I.; Unité Mixte de Recherche Ecologie des forêts de Guyane, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Kourou, French Guiana; email: ivan.scotti@ecofog.gf |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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416 |
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Basset, C.; Rodrigues, A.M.S.; Eparvier, V.; Silva, M.R.R.; Lopes, N.P.; Sabatier, D.; Fonty, E.; Espindola, L.S.; Stien, D. |
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Secondary metabolites from Spirotropis longifolia (DC) Baill and their antifungal activity against human pathogenic fungi |
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Journal Article |
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2012 |
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Phytochemistry |
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Phytochemistry |
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74 |
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166-172 |
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Antifungal; Cytotoxic; Leguminosae; Monodominant species; Prenylated pterocarpans; Spirotropis longifolia |
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A phytochemical study of the ethyl acetate extract of the roots and adventitious roots of Spirotropis longifolia, a monodominant tree species of the Guianan rainforest, has allowed the isolation of three compounds: 2-hydroxy-8,9-methylenedioxy-2′,2′-dimethylpyrano-[5′, 6′:4,3]-6a-prenyl-[6aS,11aS]-pterocarpan (spirotropin A), 2-hydroxy-8,9-methylenedioxy-2′,2′-dimethyl-3′, 4′-dihydropyrano-[5′,6′:4,3]-6a-prenyl-[6aS,11aS]-pterocarpan (spirotropin B), and 5,7-dihydroxy-6,8-diprenyl-2,2-dimethylpyrano[5,6: 3′,4′]-isoflavone (spirotropone). In addition, 10 known compounds, trans-oxyresveratrol, trans-resveratrol, piceatannol, daidzein, genistein, isoprunetin, lupeol, latifolol, gnetin D and gnetin E, were also isolated. These compounds were evaluated for their antifungal activity and their cytotoxicity, and their structures were established by 1D and 2D NMR, HRMS, CD and optical rotation measurements. © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. |
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CNRS, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, 1 avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, France |
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00319422 (Issn) |
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Export Date: 23 February 2012; Source: Scopus; Coden: Pytca; doi: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2011.10.011; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: Espindola, L.S.; Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil; email: darvenne@unb.br |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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381 |
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Basset, Y.; Cizek, L.; Cuénoud, P.; Didham, R.K.; Guilhaumon, F.; Missa, O.; Novotny, V.; Ødegaard, F.; Roslin, T.; Schmidl, J.; Tishechkin, A.K.; Winchester, N.N.; Roubik, D.W.; Aberlenc, H.-P.; Bail, J.; Barrios, H.; Bridle, J.R.; Castaño-Meneses, G.; Corbara, B.; Curletti, G.; Da Rocha, W.D.; De Bakker, D.; Delabie, J.H.C.; Dejean, A.; Fagan, L.L.; Floren, A.; Kitching, R.L.; Medianero, E.; Miller, S.E.; De Oliveira, E.G.; Orivel, J.; Pollet, M.; Rapp, M.; Ribeiro, S.P.; Roisin, Y.; Schmidt, J.B.; Sørensen, L.; Leponce, M. |
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Arthropod diversity in a tropical forest |
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Journal Article |
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2012 |
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Science |
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338 |
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6113 |
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1481-1484 |
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Most eukaryotic organisms are arthropods. Yet, their diversity in rich terrestrial ecosystems is still unknown. Here we produce tangible estimates of the total species richness of arthropods in a tropical rainforest. Using a comprehensive range of structured protocols, we sampled the phylogenetic breadth of arthropod taxa from the soil to the forest canopy in the San Lorenzo forest, Panama. We collected 6144 arthropod species from 0.48 hectare and extrapolated total species richness to larger areas on the basis of competing models. The whole 6000-hectare forest reserve most likely sustains 25,000 arthropod species. Notably, just 1 hectare of rainforest yields >60% of the arthropod biodiversity held in the wider landscape. Models based on plant diversity fitted the accumulated species richness of both herbivore and nonherbivore taxa exceptionally well. This lends credence to global estimates of arthropod biodiversity developed from plant models. |
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Natural History Museum of Denmark, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark |
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Export Date: 27 December 2012; Source: Scopus |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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451 |
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Basset, Y.; Cizek, L.; Cuénoud, P.; Didham, R.K.; Novotny, V.; Ødegaard, F.; Roslin, T.; Tishechkin, A.K.; Schmidl, J.; Winchester, N.N.; Roubik, D.W.; Aberlenc, H.-P.; Bail, J.; Barrios, H.; Bridle, J.R.; Castaño-Meneses, G.; Corbara, B.; Curletti, G.; Duarte da Rocha, W.; De Bakker, D.; Delabie, J.H.C.; Dejean, A.; Fagan, L.L.; Floren, A.; Kitching, R.L.; Medianero, E.; Gama de Oliveira, E.; Orivel, J.; Pollet, M.; Rapp, M.; Ribeiro, S.P.; Roisin, Y.; Schmidt, J.B.; Sørensen, L.; Lewinsohn, T.M.; Leponce, M. |
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Arthropod Distribution in a Tropical Rainforest: Tackling a Four Dimensional Puzzle |
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2015 |
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PLoS ONE |
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PLoS ONE |
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10 |
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12 |
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e0144110 |
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Quantifying the spatio-temporal distribution of arthropods in tropical rainforests represents a first step towards scrutinizing the global distribution of biodiversity on Earth. To date most studies have focused on narrow taxonomic groups or lack a design that allows partitioning of the components of diversity. Here, we consider an exceptionally large dataset (113,952 individuals representing 5,858 species), obtained from the San Lorenzo forest in Panama, where the phylogenetic breadth of arthropod taxa was surveyed using 14 protocols targeting the soil, litter, understory, lower and upper canopy habitats, replicated across seasons in 2003 and 2004. This dataset is used to explore the relative influence of horizontal, vertical and seasonal drivers of arthropod distribution in this forest. We considered arthropod abundance, observed and estimated species richness, additive decomposition of species richness, multiplicative partitioning of species diversity, variation in species composition, species turnover and guild structure as components of diversity. At the scale of our study (2km of distance, 40m in height and 400 days), the effects related to the vertical and seasonal dimensions were most important. Most adult arthropods were collected from the soil/litter or the upper canopy and species richness was highest in the canopy. We compared the distribution of arthropods and trees within our study system. Effects related to the seasonal dimension were stronger for arthropods than for trees. We conclude that: (1) models of beta diversity developed for tropical trees are unlikely to be applicable to tropical arthropods; (2) it is imperative that estimates of global biodiversity derived from mass collecting of arthropods in tropical rainforests embrace the strong vertical and seasonal partitioning observed here; and (3) given the high species turnover observed between seasons, global climate change may have severe consequences for rainforest arthropods. |
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Public Library of Science |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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Bastias, C.C.; Fortunel, C.; Valladares, F.; Baraloto, C.; Benavides, R.; Cornwell, W.; Markesteijn, L.; De Oliveira, A.A.; Sansevero, J.B.B.; Vaz, M.C.; Kraft, N.J.B. |
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Intraspecific leaf trait variability along a boreal-to-tropical community diversity gradient |
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Journal Article |
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2017 |
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PLoS ONE |
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PLoS ONE |
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12 |
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2 |
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e0172495 |
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Disentangling the mechanisms that shape community assembly across diversity gradients is a central matter in ecology. While many studies have explored community assembly through species average trait values, there is a growing understanding that intraspecific trait variation (ITV) can also play a critical role in species coexistence. Classic biodiversity theory hypothesizes that higher diversity at species-rich sites can arise from narrower niches relative to species-poor sites, which would be reflected in reduced ITV as species richness increases. To explore how ITV in woody plant communities changes with species richness, we compiled leaf trait data (leaf size and specific leaf area) in a total of 521 woody plant species from 21 forest communities that differed dramatically in species richness, ranging from boreal to tropical rainforests. At each forest, we assessed ITV as an estimate of species niche breadth and we quantified the degree of trait overlap among co-occurring species as a measure of species functional similarity. We found ITV was relatively invariant across the species richness gradient. In addition, we found that species functional similarity increased with diversity. Contrary to the expectation from classic biodiversity theory, our results rather suggest that neutral processes or equalizing mechanisms can be acting as potential drivers shaping community assembly in hyperdiverse forests. © This is an open access article, free of all copyright, and may be freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modified, built upon, or otherwise used by anyone for any lawful purpose. The work is made available under the Creative Commons CC0 public domain dedication. |
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Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro-UFRRJ, Departamento de Ciencias Ambientais-DCA, Instituto de Florestas, Seropédica, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil |
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Export Date: 13 March 2017 |
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744 |
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Bastin, J.-F.; Rutishauser, E.; Kellner, J.R.; Saatchi, S.; Pélissier, R.; Hérault, B.; Slik, F.; Bogaert, J.; De Cannière, C.; Marshall, A.R.; Poulsen, J.; Alvarez-Loyayza, P.; Andrade, A.; Angbonga-Basia, A.; Araujo-Murakami, A.; Arroyo, L.; Ayyappan, N.; de Azevedo, C.P.; Banki, O.; Barbier, N.; Barroso, J.G.; Beeckman, H.; Bitariho, R.; Boeckx, P.; Boehning-Gaese, K.; Brandão, H.; Brearley, F.Q.; Breuer Ndoundou Hockemba, M.; Brienen, R.; Camargo, J.L.C.; Campos-Arceiz, A.; Cassart, B.; Chave, J.; Chazdon, R.; Chuyong, G.; Clark, D.B.; Clark, C.J.; Condit, R.; Honorio Coronado, E.N.; Davidar, P.; de Haulleville, T.; Descroix, L.; Doucet, J.-L.; Dourdain, A.; Droissart, V.; Duncan, T.; Silva Espejo, J.; Espinosa, S.; Farwig, N.; Fayolle, A.; Feldpausch, T.R.; Ferraz, A.; Fletcher, C.; Gajapersad, K.; Gillet, J.-F.; Amaral, I.L. do; Gonmadje, C.; Grogan, J.; Harris, D.; Herzog, S.K.; Homeier, J.; Hubau, W.; Hubbell, S.P.; Hufkens, K.; Hurtado, J.; Kamdem, N.G.; Kearsley, E.; Kenfack, D.; Kessler, M.; Labrière, N.; Laumonier, Y.; Laurance, S.; Laurance, W.F.; Lewis, S.L.; Libalah, M.B.; Ligot, G.; Lloyd, J.; Lovejoy, T.E.; Malhi, Y.; Marimon, B.S.; Marimon Junior, B.H.; Martin, E.H.; Matius, P.; Meyer, V.; Mendoza Bautista, C.; Monteagudo-Mendoza, A.; Mtui, A.; Neill, D.; Parada Gutierrez, G.A.; Pardo, G.; Parren, M.; Parthasarathy, N.; Phillips, O.L.; Pitman, N.C.A.; Ploton, P.; Ponette, Q.; Ramesh, B.R.; Razafimahaimodison, J.-C.; Réjou-Méchain, M.; Rolim, S.G.; Saltos, H.R.; Rossi, L.M.B.; Spironello, W.R.; Rovero, F.; Saner, P.; Sasaki, D.; Schulze, M.; Silveira, M.; Singh, J.; Sist, P.; Sonke, B.; Soto, J.D.; de Souza, C.R.; Stropp, J.; Sullivan, M.J.P.; Swanepoel, B.; Steege, H. ter; Terborgh, J.; Texier, N.; Toma, T.; Valencia, R.; Valenzuela, L.; Ferreira, L.V.; Valverde, F.C.; Van Andel, T.R.; Vasque, R.; Verbeeck, H.; Vivek, P.; Vleminckx, J.; Vos, V.A.; Wagner, F.H.; Warsudi, P.P.; Wortel, V.; Zagt, R.J.; Zebaze, D. |
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Pan-tropical prediction of forest structure from the largest trees |
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2018 |
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Global Ecology and Biogeography |
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Global Ecol Biogeogr |
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27 |
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11 |
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1366-1383 |
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carbon; climate change; forest structure; large trees; pan-tropical; Redd+; tropical forest ecology |
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Abstract Aim Large tropical trees form the interface between ground and airborne observations, offering a unique opportunity to capture forest properties remotely and to investigate their variations on broad scales. However, despite rapid development of metrics to characterize the forest canopy from remotely sensed data, a gap remains between aerial and field inventories. To close this gap, we propose a new pan-tropical model to predict plot-level forest structure properties and biomass from only the largest trees. Location Pan-tropical. Time period Early 21st century. Major taxa studied Woody plants. Methods Using a dataset of 867 plots distributed among 118 sites across the tropics, we tested the prediction of the quadratic mean diameter, basal area, Lorey's height, community wood density and aboveground biomass (AGB) from the ith largest trees. Results Measuring the largest trees in tropical forests enables unbiased predictions of plot- and site-level forest structure. The 20 largest trees per hectare predicted quadratic mean diameter, basal area, Lorey's height, community wood density and AGB with 12, 16, 4, 4 and 17.7% of relative error, respectively. Most of the remaining error in biomass prediction is driven by differences in the proportion of total biomass held in medium-sized trees (50?70 cm diameter at breast height), which shows some continental dependency, with American tropical forests presenting the highest proportion of total biomass in these intermediate-diameter classes relative to other continents. Main conclusions Our approach provides new information on tropical forest structure and can be used to generate accurate field estimates of tropical forest carbon stocks to support the calibration and validation of current and forthcoming space missions. It will reduce the cost of field inventories and contribute to scientific understanding of tropical forest ecosystems and response to climate change. |
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John Wiley & Sons, Ltd (10.1111) |
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doi: 10.1111/geb.12803 |
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845 |
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Baudrimont, M.; Arini, A.; Guégan, C.; Venel, Z.; Gigault, J.; Pedrono, B.; Prunier, J.; Maurice, L.; Ter Halle, A.; Feurtet-Mazel, A. |
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Ecotoxicity of polyethylene nanoplastics from the North Atlantic oceanic gyre on freshwater and marine organisms (microalgae and filter-feeding bivalves) |
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2020 |
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Environmental Science and Pollution Research |
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Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. |
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27 |
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4 |
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3746-3755 |
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Cordicula fluminea; Ecotoxicity; Nanoplastics; Polyethylene; Scenedesmus subspicatus; Thalassiosira weissiflogii; bivalve; concentration (composition); ecotoxicology; filter feeder; gyre; microalga; nanoparticle; plastic waste; pollution exposure; polymer; Atlantic Ocean; Atlantic Ocean (North); Bivalvia; Chlorophyta; Corbicula fluminea; Desmodesmus subspicatus; Nitzschia alba; Thalassiosira |
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Each year, 5 to 10 million tons of plastic waste is dumped in the oceans via freshwaters and accumulated in huge oceanic gyres. Under the effect of several abiotic factors, macro plastic wastes (or plastic wastes with macro sizes) are fractionated into microplastics (MP) and finally reach the nanometric size (nanoplastic NP). To reveal potential toxic impacts of these NPs, two microalgae, Scenedemus subspicatus (freshwater green algae), and Thalassiosira weissiflogii (marine diatom) were exposed for up to 48 h at 1, 10, 100, 1000, and 10,000 μg/L to reference polyethylene NPs (PER) or NPs made from polyethylene collected in the North Atlantic gyre (PEN, 7th continent expedition in 2015). Freshwater filter-feeding bivalves, Corbicula fluminea, were exposed to 1000 μg/L of PER and PEN for 48 h to study a possible modification of their filtration or digestion capacity. The results show that PER and PEN do not influence the cell growth of T. weissiflogii, but the PEN exposure causes growth inhibition of S. subspicatus for all exposure concentrations tested. This growth inhibition is enhanced for a higher concentration of PER or PEN (10,000 μg/L) in S. subspicatus. The marine diatom T. weissiflogii appears to be less impacted by plastic pollution than the green algae S. subspicatus for the exposure time. Exposure to NPs does not lead to any alteration of bivalve filtration; however, fecal and pseudo-fecal production increased after PEN exposure, suggesting the implementation of rejection mechanisms for inedible particles. © 2019, Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature. |
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UMR IMRCP 5623, Université Paul Sabatier, CNRS, 118, route de Narbonne, Toulouse, 31062, France |
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Springer |
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Cited By :1; Export Date: 23 March 2020; Coden: Esple; Correspondence Address: Baudrimont, M.; UMR EPOC 5805, Université de Bordeaux—CNRS, Place du Dr Peyneau, France; email: magalie.baudrimont@u-bordeaux.fr |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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925 |
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Bekaert, E.; Robert, F.; Lippens, P.E.; Menetrier, M. |
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Li-7 NMR Knight Shifts in Li-Sn Compounds: MAS NMR Measurements and Correlation with DFT Calculations |
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2010 |
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Journal of Physical Chemistry C |
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J. Phys. Chem. C |
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114 |
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14 |
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6749-6754 |
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Several Li-Sn crystalline phases, LiSn. Li7Sn3, Li5Sn7, Li13Sn5, Li7Sn2, and Li22Sn5. were prepared by ball-milling and studied by Li-7 MAS NMR spectroscopy with silica as a chiming agent to avoid field penetration limitations All phases except for LiSn exhibit exchanged NMR signals at room temperature for the various types of Li present in the unit cells. in the 10 to 100 ppm range. Electronic structure calculations based on first-principles method led to a lather good correlation between the participation of the Li 2s orbital to the density of states (DOS) at the Fermi level and the corresponding NMR Knight shift for the two Li crystallographic types in the case of LiSn, and for the weighted average of the different crystallographic types in the case of the NMR-exchanged signals for the other compounds |
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[Bekaert, Emilie; Menetrier, Michel] Univ Bordeaux, CNRS, ICMCB, F-33608 Pessac, France |
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AMER CHEMICAL SOC |
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1932-7447 |
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ISI:000276341700075 |
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80 |
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Bereau, M.; Bonal, D.; Louisanna, E.; Garbaye, J. |
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Do mycorrhizas improve tropical tree seedling performance under water stress and low light conditions? A case study with Dicorynia guianensis (Caesalpiniaceae) |
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2005 |
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Journal of Tropical Ecology |
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J. Trop. Ecol. |
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21 |
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375-381 |
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French Guiana; leaf gas exchange; mycorrhizal symbiosis; tropical forest; water limitation |
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We tested the response of seedlings of Diconyina guianensis, a major timber tree species of French Guiana, to mycorrhizal symbiosis and water limitation in a semi-con trolled experiment under natural light conditions. Under well-watered conditions, mycorrhizal colonization resulted in an increase of net photosynthesis, growth and phosphorus uptake. When submitted to water stress, no growth reduction of mycorrhizal seedlings was observed. Mycorrhizal seedlings were more sensitive to drought than non-mycorrhizal ones in terms of carbon assimilation, but not with regard to stomatal closure. In contrast to previous studies on temperate tree seedlings, this result precludes a mycorrhizal effect on the hydraulic properties of this species. Furthermore, our results suggest that below a specific threshold of soil moisture, carbon assimilation of D. guianensis seedlings was decreased by the mycorrhizal symbiosis. This is probably related to the competition between the plant and its host fungus for carbon allocation under low light intensity, even though it did not seem to have a significant effect on mortality in our experiment. |
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UMR Ecofog, Kourou 97387, French Guiana, Email: bercau.m@kourou.cirad.fr |
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CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS |
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0266-4674 |
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ISI:000231009300003 |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
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232 |
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