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Author |
Zalamea, P.C.; Munoz, F.; Stevenson, P.R.; Paine, C.E.T.; Sarmiento, C.; Sabatier, D.; Heuret, P. |
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Title |
Continental-scale patterns of Cecropia reproductive phenology: evidence from herbarium specimens |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2011 |
Publication |
Proceedings Of The Royal Society B-Biological Sciences |
Abbreviated Journal |
Proc. R. Soc. B-Biol. Sci. |
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Volume |
278 |
Issue |
1717 |
Pages |
2437-2445 |
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Keywords |
climate seasonality; reproductive patterns; Fourier spectral and cospectral analyses; herbarium collections; Neotropics; pioneer plants |
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Abstract |
Plant phenology is concerned with the timing of recurring biological events. Though phenology has traditionally been studied using intensive surveys of a local flora, results from such surveys are difficult to generalize to broader spatial scales. In this study, contrastingly, we assembled a continental-scale dataset of herbarium specimens for the emblematic genus of Neotropical pioneer trees, Cecropia, and applied Fourier spectral and cospectral analyses to investigate the reproductive phenology of 35 species. We detected significant annual, sub-annual and continuous patterns, and discuss the variation in patterns within and among climatic regions. Although previous studies have suggested that pioneer species generally produce flowers continually throughout the year, we found that at least one third of Cecropia species are characterized by clear annual flowering behaviour. We further investigated the relationships between phenology and climate seasonality, showing strong associations between phenology and seasonal variations in precipitation and temperature. We also verified our results against field survey data gathered from the literature. Our findings indicate that herbarium material is a reliable resource for use in the investigation of large-scale patterns in plant phenology, offering a promising complement to local intensive field studies. |
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[Zalamea, PC; Sabatier, D] IRD, UMR AMAP, F-34000 Montpellier, France, Email: camilozalamea@gmail.com |
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Royal Soc |
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0962-8452 |
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WOS:000292592000005 |
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Call Number |
EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
Serial |
328 |
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Author |
Wernsdorfer, H.; Caron, H.; Gerber, S.; Cornu, G.; Rossi, V.; Mortier, F.; Gourlet-Fleury, S. |
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Title |
Relationships between demography and gene flow and their importance for the conservation of tree populations in tropical forests under selective felling regimes |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2011 |
Publication |
Conservation Genetics |
Abbreviated Journal |
Conserv. Genet. |
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Volume |
12 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
15-29 |
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Keywords |
Genetic diversity; Gene flow; Population dynamics; Simulation model; Conservation; Forest management |
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Abstract |
Determining how tropical tree populations subject to selective felling (logging) pressure may be conserved is a crucial issue for forest management and studying this issue requires a comprehensive understanding of the relationships between population demography and gene flow. We used a simulation model, SELVA, to study (1) the relative impact of demographic factors (juvenile mortality, felling regime) and genetic factors (selfing, number and location of fathers, mating success) on long-term genetic diversity; and (2) the impact of different felling regimes on population size versus genetic diversity. Impact was measured by means of model sensitivity analyses. Juvenile mortality had the highest impact on the number of alleles and genotypes, and on the genetic distance between the original and final populations. Selfing had the greatest impact on observed heterozygote frequency and fixation index. Other factors and interactions had only minor effects. Overall, felling had a greater impact on population size than on genetic diversity. Interestingly, populations under relatively low felling pressure even had a somewhat lower fixation index than undisturbed populations (no felling). We conclude that demographic processes such as juvenile mortality should be modelled thoroughly to obtain reliable long-term predictions of genetic diversity. Mortality in selfed and outcrossed progenies should be modelled explicitly by taking inbreeding depression into account. The modelling of selfing based on population rate appeared to be oversimplifying and should account for inter-tree variation. Forest management should pay particular attention to the regeneration capacities of felled species. |
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Address |
[Wernsdoerfer, Holger] Ctr INRA Nancy, INRA, Lab Etude Ressources Foret Bois LERFoB, UMR1092, F-54280 Champenoux, France, Email: holger.wernsdoerfer@cirad.fr |
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SPRINGER |
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1566-0621 |
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Notes |
ISI:000285971900002 |
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Call Number |
EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
Serial |
289 |
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Author |
Wagner, F.; Rutishauser, E.; Blanc, L.; Herault, B. |
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Title |
Effects of Plot Size and Census Interval on Descriptors of Forest Structure and Dynamics |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Biotropica |
Abbreviated Journal |
Biotropica |
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Volume |
42 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
664-671 |
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Keywords |
Amazonia; biomass fluxes; coefficient of variation; forest permanent plots; turnover rates; WinBUGS |
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Abstract |
This study was designed to explicitly formulate the effect of census interval and plot size on the variability of descriptors of tropical forest structure (stand density, basal area, aboveground biomass [AGB]) and dynamic (tree growth, mortality and recruitment rates, biomass fluxes). A unique dataset from a broad plot network (37.5 ha) surveyed every 2 yr over a 16-yr period was used to develop and parameterize a new statistical model predicting the coefficients of variation for each forest descriptor. More than 90 percent of the inherent variability of these coefficients was predicted using a simple model including plot size and census interval in a Bayesian modeling framework. All descriptors of forest structure varied by <10 percent for plot sizes 42 ha. Among the descriptors of forest dynamics, AGB loss was the most variable. The number of 6.25 ha plots required to estimate its mean, over a 16-yr period, within a 20 percent error of the mean remains above four. This contrasts with a relative constant flux of biomass entering the plot through tree growth and tree recruitment. Tree growth was remarkably well estimated with <15 percent variability for a 2-yr census in a plot of 2 ha. This study provides an easy method to assess dataset limitations in efforts to estimate descriptors of forest structure and dynamic, which is of primary importance to decipher any clear consequences of global change in tropical forests. |
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Address |
[Wagner, Fabien; Herault, Bruno] Univ Antilles Guyane, UMR Ecol Forets Guyane, Kourou 97379, French Guiana, Email: bruno.herault@ecofog.gf |
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WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC |
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0006-3606 |
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Notes |
ISI:000283949700006 |
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no |
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Call Number |
EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
Serial |
16 |
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Author |
Wagner, F.; Herault, B.; Stahl, C.; Bonal, D.; Rossi, V. |
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Title |
Modeling water availability for trees in tropical forests |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2011 |
Publication |
Agricultural and Forest Meteorology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Agric. For. Meteorol. |
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Volume |
151 |
Issue |
9 |
Pages |
1202-1213 |
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Keywords |
Water balance model; Amazonian rainforest; Time domain reflectometer; Bayesian inference; Tree drought stress |
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Abstract |
Modeling soil water availability for tropical trees is a prerequisite to predicting the future impact of climate change on tropical forests. In this paper we develop a discrete-time deterministic water balance model adapted to tropical rainforest climates, and we validate it on a large dataset that includes micrometeorological and soil parameters along a topographic gradient in a lowland forest of French Guiana. The model computes daily water fluxes (rainfall interception, drainage, tree transpiration and soil plus understorey evapotranspiration) and soil water content using three input variables: daily precipitation, potential evapotranspiration and solar radiation. A novel statistical approach is employed that uses Time Domain Reflectometer (TDR) soil moisture data to estimate water content at permanent wilting point and at field capacity, and root distribution. Inaccuracy of the TDR probes and other sources of uncertainty are taken into account by model calibration through a Bayesian framework. Model daily output includes relative extractable water, REW, i.e. the daily available water standardized by potential available water. The model succeeds in capturing temporal variations in REW regardless of topographic context. The low Root Mean Square Error of Predictions suggests that the model captures the most important drivers of soil water dynamics, i.e. water refilling and root water extraction. Our model thus provides a useful tool to explore the response of tropical forests to climate scenarios of changing rainfall regime and intensity. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. |
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Address |
[Wagner, F; Herault, B] Univ Antilles Guyane, UMR Ecol Forets Guyane, F-97387 Kourou, France, Email: fabien.wagner@ecofog.gf |
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Elsevier Science Bv |
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ISSN |
0168-1923 |
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Notes |
WOS:000294032000005 |
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no |
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Call Number |
EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
Serial |
337 |
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Author |
Vincent, G.; Molino, J.F.; Marescot, L.; Barkaoui, K.; Sabatier, D.; Freycon, V.; Roelens, J.B. |
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Title |
The relative importance of dispersal limitation and habitat preference in shaping spatial distribution of saplings in a tropical moist forest: a case study along a combination of hydromorphic and canopy disturbance gradients |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2011 |
Publication |
Annals of Forest Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ann. For. Sci. |
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Volume |
68 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
357-370 |
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Keywords |
Species assemblage; Dispersal limitation; Tropical moist forest; Niche |
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Abstract |
Various processes contribute to shaping the local assemblage of species in hyperdiverse tropical forest. The relative contribution of environmental factors and dispersal limitation in determining the spatial distribution of saplings at local scale is unclear. We examined two types of environmental factors: (a) soil type reflecting drainage regime and (b) past logging damages reflecting light regime in a neotropical moist forest site. We used a logistic model to predict presence or absence of a given species in a network of elementary small plots. The effect of mapped environmental factors and a spatial correlation term were jointly estimated providing a direct measure of the relative role of habitat specialisation and dispersal limitation. At community level, dispersal limitation was the most important determinant of species absence at local scale. The two environmental factors examined played a balanced role. Different species however showed different degrees of dispersal limitation and habitat specialisation. The distribution of a large proportion of species-the majority of the most abundant species-was significantly affected by at least one environmental factor. We provide a ranking of 49 species sensitive to canopy disturbance (from shade specialist to pioneer) and 41 species affected by seasonal flooding (either positively or negatively). |
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Address |
[Vincent, Gregoire; Marescot, Lucile; Barkaoui, Karim] IRD, Unite Mixte Rech AMAP, Kourou 97387, French Guiana, Email: gregoire.vincent@ird.fr |
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Springer France |
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ISSN |
1286-4560 |
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ISI:000290448000014 |
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no |
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Call Number |
EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
Serial |
318 |
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Author |
Verbeeck, H.; Peylin, P.; Bacour, C.; Bonal, D.; Steppe, K.; Ciais, P. |
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Title |
Seasonal patterns of CO2 fluxes in Amazon forests: Fusion of eddy covariance data and the ORCHIDEE model |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2011 |
Publication |
Journal Of Geophysical Research-Biogeosciences |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Geophys. Res.-Biogeosci. |
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Volume |
116 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
G02018 |
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Abstract |
[1] In some regions of the Amazon, global biogeophysical models have difficulties in reproducing measured seasonal patterns of net ecosystem exchange (NEE) of carbon dioxide. The global process-based biosphere model Organizing Carbon and Hydrology in Dynamic Ecosystems (ORCHIDEE) used in this study showed that a standard model parameterization produces seasonal NEE patterns that are opposite in phase to the eddy flux data of the tropical evergreen forest at the Tapajos km 67 site (Brazil), like many other global models. However, we optimized several key parameters of ORCHIDEE using eddy covariance data of the Tapajos km 67 site in order to identify the driving factors of the seasonal variations in CO2 flux in this tropical forest ecosystem. The validity of the retrieved parameter values was evaluated for two other flux tower sites in the Amazon. The different tested optimization scenarios showed that only a few parameters substantially improve the fit to NEE and latent heat data. Our results confirm that these forests have the ability to maintain high transpiration and photosynthesis during the dry season in association with a large soil depth (D-soil = 10 m) and a rooting system density that decreases almost linearly with depth (H-root = 0.1). Previous analyses of seasonal variations in eddy covariance fluxes indicated that higher GPP levels were reached in the dry season compared to the wet season. Our optimization analysis suggests that this pattern could be caused by a leaf flush at the start of the dry season increasing the photosynthetic capacity of the canopy. Nevertheless, the current model structure is not yet able to simulate such a leaf flush, and we therefore suggest improving the ORCHIDEE model by including a specific phenology module that is driven by light availability for the tropical evergreen plant functional types. In addition, our results highlight both the potential and the limitations of flux data to improve global terrestrial models. Several parameters were not identifiable, and the risk of overfitting of the model was illustrated. Nevertheless, we conclude that these models can be improved substantially by assimilating site level flux data over the tropics. |
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Address |
[Verbeeck, Hans; Steppe, Kathy] Univ Ghent, Plant Ecol Lab, Dept Appl Ecol & Environm Biol, Fac Biosci Engn, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium, Email: hans.verbeeck@ugent.be |
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Amer Geophysical Union |
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ISSN |
0148-0227 |
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Notes |
ISI:000290933500002 |
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no |
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Call Number |
EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
Serial |
321 |
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Author |
Vendramin, G.G.; Fady, B.; Gonzalez-Martinez, S.C.; Hu, F.S.; Scotti, I.; Sebastiani, F.; Soto, A.; Petit, R.J. |
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Title |
Genetically depauperate but widespread: The case of an emblematic mediterranean pine |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2008 |
Publication |
Evolution |
Abbreviated Journal |
Evolution |
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Volume |
62 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
680-688 |
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Keywords |
chloroplast microsatellites; conservation genetics; diversity depletion; human impact; Pinus pinea |
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Abstract |
Genetic variation is generally considered a prerequisite for adaptation to new environmental conditions. Thus the discovery of genetically depauperate but geographically widespread species is unexpected. We used 12 paternally inherited chloroplast microsatellites to estimate population genetic variation across the full range of an emblematic circum-Mediterranean conifer, stone pine (Pinus pinea L.). The same chloroplast DNA haplotype is fixed in nearly all of the 34 investigated populations. Such a low level of variation is consistent with a previous report of very low levels of diversity at nuclear loci in this species. Stone pine appears to have passed through a severe and prolonged demographic bottleneck, followed by subsequent natural- and human-mediated dispersal across the Mediterranean Basin. No other abundant and widespread plant species has as little genetic diversity as P. pinea at both chloroplast and nuclear markers. However, the species harbors a nonnegligible amount of variation at adaptive traits. Thus a causal relationship between genetic diversity, as measured by marker loci, and the evolutionary precariousness of a species, cannot be taken for granted. |
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Address |
[Vendramin, Giovanni G.] Ist Genet Vegetale, Sez Firenze, Florence, Italy, Email: petit@pierroton.inra.fr |
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BLACKWELL PUBLISHING |
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0014-3820 |
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Notes |
ISI:000253758600016 |
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no |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
Serial |
141 |
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Author |
Vedel, V.; Scotti, I. |
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Title |
Promoting the promoter |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2011 |
Publication |
Plant Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
Plant Sci. |
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Volume |
180 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
182-189 |
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Keywords |
cis-Regulation; Evolutionary and developmental biology; Integrative evolution; Plant development; Population genetics; Transcription |
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Abstract |
Recent evolutionary studies clearly indicate that evolution is mainly driven by changes in the complex mechanisms of gene regulation and not solely by polymorphism in protein-encoding genes themselves. After a short description of the cis-regulatory mechanism, we intend in this review to argue that by applying newly available technologies and by merging research areas such as evolutionary and developmental biology, population genetics, ecology and molecular cell biology it is now possible to study evolution in an integrative way. We contend that, by analysing the effects of promoter sequence variation on phenotypic diversity in natural populations, we will soon be able to break the barrier between the study of extant genetic variability and the study of major developmental changes. This will lead to an integrative view of evolution at different scales. Because of their sessile nature and their continuous development, plants must permanently regulate their gene expression to react to their environment, and can, therefore, be considered as a remarkable model for these types of studies. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. |
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Address |
[Vedel, Vincent; Scotti, Ivan] INRA, UMR ECOFOG, Kourou 97387, French Guiana, Email: vincent.vedel@ecofog.gf |
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ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD |
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0168-9452 |
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Notes |
ISI:000286562200002 |
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no |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
Serial |
291 |
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Author |
Vedel, V.; Brena, C.; Arthur, W. |
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Title |
Demonstration of a heritable component of the variation in segment number in the centipede Strigamia maritima |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2009 |
Publication |
Evolution & Development |
Abbreviated Journal |
Evol. Dev. |
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11 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
434-440 |
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Abstract |
Here we address the question of how arthropod segment number may evolve by reporting the results of further work on the model system Strigamia maritima. Recently, we showed that there was a plastic component of the variation in segment number within this species; now we demonstrate that there is also a heritable component. This is important because it enables a connection to be made between the known latitudinal trend among species of geophilomorph centipedes ( more segments at lower latitudes) and the parallel trend within them. This latter trend is best documented in S. maritima but is also known in several other species. However, while a general connection between the inter- and intraspecific trends can now be made, deciding upon a specific hypothesis of the nature of the selection involved is still problematic. We provide two alternative hypotheses, one based on the temperature-related plasticity in segment number being adaptive, the other based on it being nonadaptive. |
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Address |
[Vedel, Vincent; Arthur, Wallace] Natl Univ Ireland, Dept Zool, Sch Nat Sci, Galway, Ireland, Email: wallace.arthur@nuigalway.ie |
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WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC |
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1520-541X |
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Notes |
ISI:000267659600011 |
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no |
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Call Number |
EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
Serial |
200 |
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Author |
Vantaux, A.; Roux, O.; Magro, A.; Ghomsi, N.T.; Gordon, R.D.; Dejean, A.; Orivel, J. |
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Title |
Host-Specific Myrmecophily and Myrmecophagy in the Tropical Coccinellid Diomus thoracicus in French Guiana |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Biotropica |
Abbreviated Journal |
Biotropica |
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Volume |
42 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
622-629 |
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Keywords |
ants; ladybird; mimicry; parasite; Wasmannia auropunctata |
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Abstract |
A variety of arthropods, particularly insects, have developed myrmecophilous interactions with ants to gain access to resources and/or for protection. Among these myrmecophiles, only a few examples have been documented in the Coccinellidae, most of them involving species able to feed on ant-tended Hemiptera. We report here a new case of obligate myrmecophily in the coccinellid Diomus thoracicus. Larvae are invariably and exclusively found in the nests of the ant Wasmannia auropunctata and seem to rely on ant brood as their only food source. Not only do ant workers show no aggressiveness toward the D. thoracicus larvae in their behavioral interactions at the colonial level, but also at the species level; while coccinellid adults are always attacked. The integration of the larvae inside of the ant nests is based on their chemical mimicry of the host's cuticular cues. Therefore, given the presence of the D. thoracicus larvae inside of the ant's nest, their predation on Wasmannia brood and their chemical mimicry, this species can be considered a specific parasite of W. auropunctata. Overall, this new case of myrmecophily not only specifically involves a highly invasive ant species, but also provides insights into the evolution of myrmecophily and myrmecophagy in coccinellids. |
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[Vantaux, Amelie; Magro, Alexandra; Orivel, Jerome] Univ Toulouse, UPS, EDB Lab Evolut & Diversite Biol, F-31062 Toulouse, France, Email: orivel@cict.fr |
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WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC |
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0006-3606 |
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ISI:000281707700025 |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
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27 |
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