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Author |
Jaouen, G.; Fournier, M.; Almeras, T. |
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Title |
Thigmomorphogenesis versus light in biomechanical growth strategies of saplings of two tropical rain forest tree species |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Annals of Forest Science |
Abbreviated Journal  |
Ann. For. Sci. |
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Volume |
67 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
211 |
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Keywords |
biomechanics; thigmomorphogenesis; height growth strategies; tropical rain forest; French Guiana |
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Abstract |
In the dense tropical rainforest understorey, saplings exhibit different growth strategies aiming at reaching light levels better fitting their ecology. Investing mainly in height growth, at the expense of their width, a lot are close to mechanical instability. Tachigali melinonii, a long living heliophilic tree species, is frequently observed to be extremely slender and supported by neighbours. Such observations suggest an active growth control through the perception of mechanical environment. Mechanical environment or light availability, which one is the most influent on growth and slenderness (H/D)? To test this question, we recorded growth of control and staked saplings of two species with contrasting habits and ecology: T. melinonii, and Dicorynia guianensis, along a natural light gradient. Dicorynia, the more stable, responded more clearly to the staking treatment, showing slenderness increase when light is available, whereas for Tachigali, only light availability governed growth. For Tachigali, growth allocation is mainly governed by light availability and ontogeny, whereas Dicorynia is probably similar to the average tree strategy, using the thigmomorphogenetic physiological process to control its stability. |
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Address |
[Jaouen, Gaelle; Almeras, Tancrede] Univ Antilles Guyane, INRA, CNRS,Cirad, Unite Mixte Rech Ecol Forets Guyane,AgroParisTech, Kourou 97379, French Guiana, Email: gaelle.jaouen@ecofog.gf |
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1286-4560 |
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ISI:000276507100012 |
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no |
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Call Number |
EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
Serial |
61 |
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Author |
Baraloto, C.; Marcon, E.; Morneau, F.; Pavoine, S.; Roggy, J.C. |
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Title |
Integrating functional diversity into tropical forest plantation designs to study ecosystem processes |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Annals of Forest Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ann. For. Sci. |
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Volume |
67 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
303 |
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Keywords |
complementarity; ecosystem function; functional groups; leaf economics spectrum; nitrogen fixation; quadratic entropy |
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Abstract |
The elucidation of relationships between biodiversity and ecosystem processes has been limited by the definition of metrics of biodiversity and their integration into experimental design. Functional trait screening can strengthen the performance of these designs. We suggest the use of Rao's quadratic entropy to measure both functional diversity and phylogenetic diversity of species mixtures proposed for an experimental design, and demonstrate how they can provide complementary information. We also present an index assessing the statistical performance of these independent variables in different experimental designs. Measurement of independent variables as continuous vs. discrete variables reduces statistical performance, but improves the model by quantifying species differences masked by group assignments. To illustrate these advances, we present an example from a tropical forest tree community in which we screened 38 species for nine functional traits. The proposed TropiDEP design is based on the relative orthogonality of two multivariate trait axes defined using principal component analysis. We propose that independent variables describing functional diversity might be grouped to calculate independent variables describing suites of different traits with potentially different effects on particular ecosystem processes. In other systems these axes may differ from those reported here, yet the methods of analysis integrating functional and phylogenetic diversity into experimental design could be universal. |
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[Baraloto, Christopher; Roggy, Jean-Christophe] INRA, UMR Ecol Forets Guyane, Kourou, French Guiana, Email: chris.baraloto@ecofog.gf |
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EDP SCIENCES S A |
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1286-4560 |
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ISI:000276507800004 |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
Serial |
62 |
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Roggy, J.C.; Nicolini, E.; Imbert, P.; Caraglio, Y.; Bosc, A.; Heuret, P. |
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Title |
Links between tree structure and functional leaf traits in the tropical forest tree Dicorynia guianensis Amshoff (Caesalpiniaceae) |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2005 |
Publication |
Annals of Forest Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ann. For. Sci. |
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Volume |
62 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
553-564 |
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Keywords |
Dicorynia guianensis; leaf structure; functional leaf traits; plasticity; tree structure |
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Abstract |
This study looked at the interactive effects of tree architectural stage of development (ASD) and light availability on different plant traits (growth parameters, leaf morpho-anatomy and photosynthetic capacities) in the tropical species Dicorynia guianensis. A qualitative architectural analysis was used to categorize tree individuals sampled along a natural light gradient. The results show that some traits could have an ASD-dependence at the whole plant and leaf level without control of light. The changes observed relate to vigour thresholds the plant has to reach to shift from one ASD to another (i.e., the number of nodes and the internodes length per Growth Unit). Light conditions do not modify these thresholds but may modify the time they are crossed. Tree height was found strongly modulated by light conditions; hence, at a similar height, individuals may belong to different ASD. At the functional level, a decrease in N-m, and A(maxm) was observed with increasing light availability, while N-a increased and A(maxa) remained unaffected. An ASD effect was also observed on Amaxa and LMA but not on Amaxm. These results demonstrated a weak ability of photosynthetic plasticity in response to light conditions, and that variations of leaf photosynthetic variables according to ASD can be explained by modifications in leaf nitrogen and LMA. Questions on the reliability of a height-based sampling strategy for evaluating the phenotypic plasticity of trees in relation to light conditions are raised. |
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Address |
INRA, Ecol Forets Guyane, ENGREF, UMR CIRAD, F-97387 Kourou, Guyane Francais, France, Email: roggy.j@cirad.fr |
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EDP SCIENCES S A |
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1286-4560 |
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Notes |
ISI:000232084400009 |
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no |
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Call Number |
EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
Serial |
229 |
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Gourlet-Fleury, S.; Blanc, L.; Picard, N.; Sist, P.; Dick, J.; Nasi, R.; Swaine, M.D.; Forni, E. |
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Title |
Grouping species for predicting mixed tropical forest dynamics: looking for a strategy |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2005 |
Publication |
Annals of Forest Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ann. For. Sci. |
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Volume |
62 |
Issue |
8 |
Pages |
785-796 |
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Keywords |
cross-comparisons; functional groups; modelling strategy; species classifications |
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Abstract |
The high species diversity of mixed tropical forests hinders the development of forest dynamic models. A solution commonly adopted is to cluster species in groups. There are various methods for grouping species that can be linked to three strategies (i) the ecological subjective strategy, (ii) the ecological data-driven strategy, and (iii) the dynamic process strategy. In the first two strategies a species will be assigned to a single group while in the latter strategy, a specific grouping is defined for each process of population dynamics ( typically based on recruitment, growth, mortality). Little congruency or convergence is observed in the literature between any two classifications of species. This may be explained by the independence between the sets of tree characters used to build species groups, or by the intra-specific variability of these characters. We therefore recommend the dynamic process strategy as the most convenient strategy for building groups of species. |
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Cirad Foret, F-34398 Montpellier, France, Email: sylvie.gourlet-fleury@cirad.fr |
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EDP SCIENCES S A |
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1286-4560 |
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Notes |
ISI:000233972500001 |
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no |
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Call Number |
EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
Serial |
228 |
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Author |
Coste, S.; Roggy, J.C.; Garraud, L.; Heuret, P.; Nicolini, E.; Dreyer, E. |
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Title |
Does ontogeny modulate irradiance-elicited plasticity of leaf traits in saplings of rain-forest tree species? A test with Dicorynia guianensis and Tachigali melinonii (Fabaceae, Caesalpinioideae) |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2009 |
Publication |
Annals of Forest Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ann. For. Sci. |
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Volume |
66 |
Issue |
7 |
Pages |
701-709 |
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Keywords |
plant architecture; phenotypic plasticity; photosynthetic capacity; leaf structure; tropical rain forest |
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Abstract |
Irradiance elicits a large plasticity in leaf traits, but little is known about the modulation of this plasticity by ontogeny. Interactive effects of relative irradiance and ontogeny were assessed on leaf traits for two tropical rainforest tree species: Dicorynia guianensis Amshoff and Tachigali melinonii (Harms) Barneby (Fabaceae, Caesalpinioideae). Eleven morphological and physiological leaf traits, relative to photosynthetic performance, were measured on saplings at three different architectural development stages (ASD 1, 2 and 3) and used to derive composite traits like photosynthetic N-use efficiency. Measurements were made along a natural irradiance gradient. The effect of ASD was very visible and differed between the two species. For Dicorynia guianensis, only leaf mass-per-area (LMA) significantly increased with ASDs whereas for Tachigali melinonii, almost all traits were affected by ASD: LMA, leaf N content and photosynthetic capacity increased from ASD 1 to ASD 3. Photosynthetic N-use-efficiency was not affected by ASD in any species. Leaf traits were severely modulated by irradiance, whereas the degree of plasticity was very similar among ASDs. Only few interactions were detected between irradiance and ASD, for leaf thickness, carbon content, and the ratio Chl/N in T. melinonii and for photosynthetic capacity in D. guianensis. We conclude that ontogenic development and irradiance-elicited plasticity modulated leaf traits, with almost no interaction, i.e., the degree of irradiance-elicited plasticity was stable across development stages and independent of ontogeny in these two species, at least in the early stages of development assessed here. |
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[Dreyer, Erwin] INRA, UMR Ecol & Ecophysiol Forestieres 1137, F-54280 Champenoux, France, Email: dreyer@nancy.inra.fr |
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EDP SCIENCES S A |
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1286-4560 |
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Notes |
ISI:000270906600009 |
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no |
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Call Number |
EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
Serial |
100 |
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Author |
Amusant, N.; Fournier, M.; Beauchene, J. |
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Title |
Colour and decay resistance and its relationships in Eperua grandiflora |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2008 |
Publication |
Annals of Forest Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ann. For. Sci. |
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Volume |
65 |
Issue |
8 |
Pages |
806 |
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Keywords |
natural durability; colour; decay resistance; variability; heartwood; tropical wood |
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Abstract |
Eperua grandiflora, which is widely distributed in the French Guiana forest region, shows high variability in decay resistance. Further information concerning this wood quality parameter is necessary, but standard testing methods are complex and time-consuming. We assessed the use of colorimetry to determine durability in heartwood samples from a range of trees. Eperua grandiflora colour parameters were measured using a CIELAB system, revealing that the tree effect was greater than the radial position and height effects. The wood samples were exposed to Coriolus versicolor and Antrodia sp. according to two European standards (En 350-1 and XP CEN TS 15083-1). Eperua grandiflora is more susceptible to brown rot. These two standards did not give the same durability classes. The high variation in natural durability was due to the tree effect. These two properties were found to be correlated and the assessment also distinguished the extreme durability classes but they are not sufficient to classify the class of durability of this species. |
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Address |
[Amusant, Nadine] CIRAD, PERSYT, UR Valorisat Bois Tropicaux, F-34538 Montpellier 5, France, Email: nadine.amusant@cirad.fr |
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EDP SCIENCES S A |
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1286-4560 |
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ISI:000261431600006 |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
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127 |
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Author |
Ollivier, M.; Baraloto, C.; Marcon, E. |
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Title |
A trait database for Guianan rain forest trees permits intra- and inter-specific contrasts |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2007 |
Publication |
Annals of Forest Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ann. For. Sci. |
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Volume |
64 |
Issue |
7 |
Pages |
781-786 |
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Keywords |
plant traits; tropical forest; French Guiana; functional groups; plasticity; ontogeny |
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Abstract |
We present a plant trait database covering autecology for rain forest trees of French Guiana. The database comprises more than thirty traits including autecology (e. g., habitat associations and reproductive phenology), wood structure (e. g., density and tension characteristics) and physiology at the whole plant (e. g., carbon and nitrogen isotopes) and leaf level (e. g., specific leaf area, photosynthetic capacity). The current database describes traits for about nine hundred species from three hundred genera in one hundred families. For more than sixty species, data on twelve morphological and ecophysiological traits are provided for individual plants under different environmental conditions and at different ontogenetic stages. The database is thus unique in permitting intraspecific analyses, such as the effects of ontogenetic stages or environmental conditions on trait values and their relationships. |
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INRA, Unit Mixte Rech Ecol Forets Guyane, Kourou, France, Email: baraloto.c@kourou.cirad.fr |
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EDP SCIENCES S A |
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1286-4560 |
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ISI:000250097700011 |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
Serial |
158 |
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Author |
Ruelle, J.; Beauchene, J.; Thibaut, A.; Thibaut, B. |
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Title |
Comparison of physical and mechanical properties of tension and opposite wood from ten tropical rainforest trees from different species |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2007 |
Publication |
Annals of Forest Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ann. For. Sci. |
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Volume |
64 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
503-510 |
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Keywords |
tension wood; opposite wood; tropical rainforest; physical and mechanical properties |
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Abstract |
On 10 trees from 10 species of French Guyana tropical rainforest in a clear active process of restoring verticality growth strains were measured in situ in order to determine the occurrence of tension wood within samples. Wood specimens were cut in the vicinity of the growth strains measurements in order to measure some mechanical and physical properties. As suspected, tensile growth strains was very much higher in tension wood zone, because longitudinal modulus of elasticity was slightly higher. Longitudinal shrinkage was also much higher in tension wood than in opposite wood. |
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UMR EcoFoG, Kourou 97387, Guyana, Email: ruelle@nuagr1.agr.nagoya-u.ac.jp |
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EDP SCIENCES S A |
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1286-4560 |
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ISI:000248098600003 |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
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160 |
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Author |
Bonal, D.; Born, C.; Brechet, C.; Coste, S.; Marcon, E.; Roggy, J.C.; Guehl, J.M. |
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Title |
The successional status of tropical rainforest tree species is associated with differences in leaf carbon isotope discrimination and functional traits |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2007 |
Publication |
Annals of Forest Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ann. For. Sci. |
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Volume |
64 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
169-176 |
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Keywords |
C-13; functional diversity; leaf gas exchange; species grouping; tropical rainforest |
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Abstract |
We characterised the among species variability in leaf gas exchange and morphological traits under controlled conditions of seedlings of 22 tropical rainforest canopy species to understand the origin of the variability in leaf carbon isotope discrimination (Delta) among species with different growth and dynamic characteristics (successional gradient). Our results first suggest that these species pursue a consistent strategy in terms of. throughout their ontogeny (juveniles grown here versus canopy adult trees from the natural forest). Second, leaf Delta was negatively correlated with WUE and N, and positively correlated with g(s), but among species differences in Delta were mainly explained by differences in WUE. Finally, species belonging to different successional groups display distinct leaf functional and morphological traits. We confirmed that fast growing early successional species maximise carbon assimilation with high stomatal conductance. In contrast, fast and slow growing late successional species are both characterised by low carbon assimilation values, but by distinct stomatal conductance and leaf morphological features. Along the successional gradient, these differences result in much lower Delta for the intermediate species (i.e. fast growing late successional) as compared to the two other groups. |
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INRA Kourou, UMR Ecol Forets Guyane, F-97387 Kourou, Guyane, France, Email: damien.bonal@kourou.cirad.fr |
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EDP SCIENCES S A |
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1286-4560 |
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ISI:000244438100006 |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
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169 |
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Author |
Scotti, I.; Paglia, G.; Magni, F.; Morgante, M. |
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Title |
Population genetics of Norway spruce (Picea abies Karst.) at regional scale: sensitivity of different microsatellite motif classes in detecting differentiation |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2006 |
Publication |
Annals of Forest Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ann. For. Sci. |
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Volume |
63 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
485-491 |
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Keywords |
conifers; SSR; divergence; statistical testing; genetic distance |
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Abstract |
Four populations of Norway spruce (Picea abies Karst.) were screened using nine nuclear microsatellite markers (three trinucleotides and six dinucleotides) and four chloroplast markers (all mononucleotides). Marker classes were compared for their variability, mutation rate and ability to detect differentiation between stands. Dinucleotide markers proved to be the most variable group and chloroplast stretches the least variable, with differences in mutation rate between the former and the latter spanning over two orders of magnitude. Variability correlated to the number of repeats but not to the absolute length of the microsatellite region. The different marker classes were combined with two different measures of genetic distance in order to investigate the performance of markers and evolutionary models for the study of genetic variation in natural populations of Norway spruce. Weir and Cockeram's F-ST generally performed better in this clear-cut, four-population model study. Chloroplast haplotypes turned out to be the most sensitive marker system, being able to differentiate populations and to detect differences in genetic variability between sub-regions. |
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INRA, UMR ECOFOG, Kourou 97387, French Guiana, Email: ivan.scotti@kourou.cirad.fr |
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EDP SCIENCES S A |
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1286-4560 |
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ISI:000240514800005 |
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EcoFoG @ eric.marcon @ |
Serial |
177 |
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