Amusant, N., Anouhé, J. B. S., Amissa, A., Beauchène, J., Niamké, E., & Nicolinni, E. (2013). Tree crown architecture: a tool for decay resistance evaluation. In IRG/WP (Vol. 13). Queenstown, New Zealand.
Abstract: The variability of natural durability contributes to the bad perception of some wood end-users. In our search, we need to adjust our methods and strategies to estimate natural durability and extract higher value from wood resources. Architectural analysis is essentially a detailed, multilevel, comprehensive and dynamic approach to plant development. Numerous biological process which impact some wood properties like durability are linked with tree development. A better understanding of the interelationship between tree physiology through tree achitecture analysis and natural durability could be an approach to predict this property. This study explore the relation between the crown architecture, decay resistance and wood extractives in Dicorynia guianensis in order to propose tree crown architecture as an evalution decay resistance tool.
Keywords: decay resistance, architecture, heartwood, wood extractives, crown
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Amusant, N., & Digeon, A. (2013). Potential valorization of wood extractives from waste products of steam distillation of Aniba rosaeodora: antitermitic activity. In IRG/WP (Vol. 13). Queenstown, New Zealand.
Abstract: Aniba rosaeodora, is a slow growing evergreens of the Lauraceae family which are
indigenous over a wide range of the Greater Amazon Region (the Guianas and Venezuela, Brazilian Amazon…). The essential oil obtained from the wood has a characteristic aroma and is a long-established ingredient in the more expensive perfumes. The wood is also composed with alkaloid compounds like anibin. These compounds contribute to the protection of the wood against insects and fungi. This work is focused on the valorization of steam distillated sawdust; the sawdust was extracted with methanol in order to study the antitermitic activity of the extract. The methanolic extract shows an efficacy against termites at low concentrations according to the EN 117 standard.
Keywords: Aniba rosaeodora – antitermitic – european standard – screening test.
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Zaremski, A., Gastonguay, L., Zaremski, C., Chaffanel, F., Beauchêne, J., & Le Floch, G. (2012). Biodegradation of treated wood waste by native fungal communities of tropical soil in French Guiana. In IRG/WP (Vol. 12, 43). Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Abstract: Woods have been protected with fungicides for a long time, and the effects of these fungicides on soil after being leached into the ground have turned out to be a true environmental issue. It is in this perspective that we are proposing to study fungal communities of these contaminated woods in a purpose of bioremediation. Most of precedent studies have focused on ability of some Basidiomycetes and white rot fungi to degrade these biocide products. Treated and reference (non-treated) woods samples have been incubated in containers of forest soil in Guyana. The first two samplings of these woods and soils have been realized five months apart. A crop and molecular study allowed us to isolate and identify forty strains of Ascomycetes able to develop on wood and resist xenobiotics. Until now, no Ascomycete was known to resist xenobiotics. Furthermore, a study of fungal communities of the woods and soil were done by D-HPLC and SSCP, and then analyzed by ACP. According to these analyses, biocides are leached in the soil and have an impact on these fungal communities, which are different depending on time of sampling and the way wood is processed.
Keywords: fungal community; basidiomycetes; sequencing; DNA; ITS1 and ITS 4; D-HPLC; CE-SSCP; PCP; CCA
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Sist, P., Gourlet-Fleury, S., Blanc, L., Mazzei, L., Priyadi, H., & Ruschel, A. R. (2010). Limits of selective logging techniques including RIL in tropical forests to sustain timber yields and to achieve sustainable forest management in general. The international forestry review, 12(5), 116.
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Amusant, N., Digeon, A., Houël, E., & Beauchêne J. (2012). Antifungal activity of wood extractives from waste products of steam distillation of Aniba rosaeodora. In IRG/WP (Vol. 12). Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Abstract: Aniba rosaeodora, is a slow growing evergreens of the Lauraceae family which are indigenous over a wide range of the Greater Amazon Region (the Guianas and Venezuela, Brazilian Amazon…). The essential oil obtained from the wood has a characteristic aroma and is a long-established ingredient in the more expensive perfumes. Around the olfactive characteristic of the essential oil is due to the presence of levogyre linalol. The steam distilled wood oil is obtained in a yield ranging around 1% and up to 90% of the oil consists of optically active linalol. This work is focused on the valorization of steam distillated sawdust, waste obtained from extraction of essential oil. After steam distillation, the sawdust was extracted by ethyl acetate and methanolic solvents and the antifungal activity was evaluated against basidomycetes fungi. The both extracts were active in vitro against white and brown rot fungi and allowed to propose these extractives as wood preservative agent.
Keywords: Aniba rosaeodora; antifungal; valorization; wood waste; essential oil
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Niamké, F., Amusant, N., Lemenager, N., Chaix, G., Thévenon, M. - F., Baudassé, C., et al. (2011). Decay resistance attributes of teak (Tectona grandis L. f.) wood: comparison of the fungicidal activities of quinones. In IRG/WP (Vol. 11). Queenstown, New Zealand.
Abstract: The implication of quinones in decay resistance of teak wood is controversial. To better understand the role of individual quinone in this property, we studied the correlations between this latter and the content of 2-(hydroxymethyl)anthraquinone, tectoquinone, anthraquinone-2-carboxylic acid, 1,4-naphthoquinone, lapachol and the new compound 4’,5’-dihydroxy-epiisocatalponol found in teak wood. Then, we studied the fungicidal activities of these quinones in comparison to acetone/water extracts from teak heartwood and sapwood and also with the commercial biocide tebuconazole. Broth dilution technique was used to assess the toxicity of these compounds against Trametes versicolor and Poria placenta. Decay resistance was measured according to current standards and individual quinones content were quantified by high performance liquid chromatography. High positive correlations were found between teak decay resistance and the content of 4’,5’-dihydroxy-epiisocatalponol, tectoquinone, 2-(hydroxymethyl)anthraquinone. Whereas no correlation was found with anthraquinone-2-carboxylic acid, lapachol and 1,4-naphthoquinone. Concerning the fungicidal activities of teak wood extractives, acetone/water heartwood extract was toxic against the two fungi while that of acetone/water sapwood was only fungistatic. 1,4-naphthoquinone and 4’,5’-dihydroxy-epiisocatalponol from the naphthoquinones family were fungicide. However, lapachol and all studied anthraquinones (2-(hydroxymethyl)anthraquinone, anthraquinone-2-carboxylic acid and tectoquinone) were fungistatic or not toxic. In the present study, 1,4-naphthoquinone was found the more toxic with a fungicidal activity 1000-times lower than that of the commercial biocide and over 2000-times lower than that of acetone/water heartwood extracts. These results show that decay resistance of teak wood could be mostly due to the content of naphthoquinone, particularly to that of 1,4-naphthoquinone indicating that it could be used as a potential wood preservative for lesser durable species.
Keywords: Tectona grandis; decay resistance; quinone; heartwood; brown and white rot fungi
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Gibernau, M., Chartier, M., & Quilichini, A. (2014). Évolution des systèmes de pollinisation chez les Aracées. Espèces, 11, 20–29.
Abstract: Formes, couleurs, odeurs… les mécanismes par lesquels les Aracées
attirent les pollinisateurs se sont tellement diversifiés qu’elles sont
devenues de passionnants “cas d’école” pour les évolutionnistes. Ils
commencent aujourd’hui à retracer cette histoire évolutive complexe où
les interactions avec les insectes ne se font pas toujours “au bénéfice de
tous”.
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Satrani, B., Ghanmi, M., Mansouri, N., & Amusant, N. (2015). Antioxidant properties of essential oils extracted from three species of moroccan junipers. ESAIJ, 11(7), 239–247.
Abstract: Essential oils from Juniperus thurifera, Juniperus oxycedrus and Juniperus phoenicea (Cupressaceae) collected in various areas in Morocco were extracted by hydrodistillation and analyzed by CG and CG/SM. Twenty-four components were identified in the essential oils from the branches of Juniperus thurifera, forty seven from Juniperus oxycedrus and twenty-six from Juniperus phoenicea. The majority components obtained are pinenes and especially β-pinene (36.3%) for the essential oils from the branches of Juniperus thurifera and α-pinene for those of Juniperus oxycedrus (52.1%) and Juniperus phoenicea (64.2%). The antioxidant properties of oils were determined by the DPPH method and were compared to that found for the reference compound (BHT) and for other essential oils.
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Alaoui, M. S. B., Satrani, B., Ghanmi, M., Aafi, A., Amusant, N., Elantry, S., et al. (2014). Bioactivity and chemical quality of Ammodaucus leucotrichus ssp. leucotrichus Coss. & Durieu essential oils from Morocco. NAIJ, 10(6), 208–214.
Abstract: As part of the valorization of medicinal and aromatic plants in South Morocco, we studied the effect of provenance on the yield, chemical composition and antibacterial and antifungal activity of essential oils of Ammodaucus leucotrichus subsp. leucotrichus. The essential oils obtained by hydro-distillation of the fruits were analyzed by GC and GC/MS. The most abundant compounds identified varied depending on the origin of the plant: perillaldehyde (69.9% to 88.7%), limonene (8.3% to 16.6%) and α-pinene (1.4% to 7.1%). The oils analyzed all displayed strong antimicrobial activity against all the microorganisms tested.
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Rodrigues, A., Royer, M., Amusant, N., Beauchêne, J., Herbette, G., Eparvier, V., et al. (2009). Antinomic natural self protection mechanism in long lasting woods : a case study with three tropical species from French Guiana. In IRG/WP (Vol. 09). Beijing, China.
Abstract: We demonstrate in this work through 3 examples that Amazonian trees may specialize long-lasting woods by means of at least to different approaches. Wallaba impregnates its wood with large amounts of weakly antifungal compounds acting in synergy, while tatajuba and louro vermelho woods are naturally impregnated with antifungal agents. Comparison of biological activities in vitro and concentrations in the woods indicate that these compounds alone may account for the natural durability of the two woods.
Keywords: wood; natural durability; wood degradation; antifungal extractives
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