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Odonne, G.; Stien, D.; Bourdy, G. |
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Two piptocarphols from Pseudoelephantopus spicatus (Asteraceae) may explain its traditional use against cutaneous leishmaniasis amongst the Chayahuita (Peruvian Amerindians) |
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Conference Article |
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2010 |
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Planta Medica |
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Planta Med. |
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76 |
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12 |
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1381 |
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Chayahuita Amerindians are dwelling in north-west Peruvian Amazon. As they live in an endemic area of cutaneous and muco-cutaneous leishmaniasis, they developed a rich pharmacopoeia against those well recognized diseases [1]. Pseudoelephantopus spicatus (B. Juss. ex Aubl.) Rohr ex Gleason (Asteraceae) is one of the most used Chayahuita remedies against cutaneous leishmaniasis. In the course of evaluating those remedies against in vitro axenic amastigotes of Leishmania amazonensis, P. spicatus extract was found to be very active. Bioguided fractionation led to 3 active compounds (8,13-O-diacetyl-piptocarphol (1), 8-O-acetyl-13-O-ethyl-piptocarphol (2) and ursolic acid. Although these compounds had already been identified in other plants of the Vernoniae tribe (P. spicatus tribe) [2,3], none of them had been isolated from this species. 1 and 2 were found to be more active than amphotericin B against the parasite (IC50 for 1: 0.08±0.04µg/mL, 2: 0.14±0.05mg/mL, and 0.38µg/mL for amphotericin B), explaining at least partially the use of P. spicatus based remedies. |
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58th International Congress and Annual Meeting of the Society for Medicinal Plant and Natural Product Research, Berlin, Germany, 29th August - 2nd September 2010 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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179 |
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Rodrigues, A.; Espindola, S.; Beauchêne, J.; Stien, D. |
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Antifungal components from Amazonian long lasting heartwood |
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Conference Article |
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2010 |
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Planta Medica |
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Planta Med. |
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76 |
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12 |
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1172 |
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About thirty Andira species have been described in America and Africa but most of them are found in Amazonian Rain Forest [1]. In French Guiana and Brazil A. surinamensis, A. coriaceae and A. inermis timbers (all named Saint-Martin Rouge in French) are commercialized for residential construction because of their excellent resistance to decay in ground contact [2]. In this study A. surinamensis heartwood was extracted with solvent of increasing polarities and extracts were evaluated against wood rotting fungi and human pathogens. Ethyl acetate extract proved strongly antifungal, showing that durable heartwood is a promising source of active metabolites for wood treatment and human health applications. Bioguided chemical fractionation allowed us to isolate five isoflavonoids including biochanin A [3]. |
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58th International Congress and Annual Meeting of the Society for Medicinal Plant and Natural Product Research, Berlin, Germany, 29th August - 2nd September 2010 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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180 |
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Rodrigues, A.; Theodoro, P.; Basset, C.; Espindola, L.; Stien, D. |
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Bio-inspiration in the discovery of active natural products: an example with the search of antifungal agents inspired from long-lasting woods |
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Conference Article |
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2010 |
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Planta Medica |
Abbreviated Journal |
Planta Med. |
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76 |
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12 |
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1293 |
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Plant natural products have been perfected through evolution with respect to their specific biological roles (defense, elicitor, and so on) and are, therefore, an excellent starting point in the search for new biologically active chemicals. Hence, despite the progressive abandonment of the exploration of naturally sourced bioactive substances by the pharmaceutical industry, more than half of the drugs approved in the United States between 2005 and 2007 are natural products or natural product-derived drugs, five of which constituted the first members of new drug classes [1]. Clearly, chemical research into natural substances still has an important role to play in improving quality of life, and can play an important role by inventing innovative strategies to discover new bioactive compounds [1,2].
In the present work, we demonstrated that a bio-inspired approach for the identification of novel bioactive natural products represents a promising biotechnological tool for the development of new drugs. We have studied how natural defenses within decay-resistant wood can generate a large number of positive hits in the search for antimycotic agents. In addition, it was found from bioguided fractionation that ethyl acetate extracts of Sextonia rubra wood contain a relatively large proportion of antifungal metabolites rubrenolide (1) and rubrynolide (2), 1 being slightly more active than 2. The therapeutic potential of the above compounds will be discussed through the evaluation of their antifungal activities against 16 pathogenic fungi strains and their cytotoxicities towards KB cells. |
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58th International Congress and Annual Meeting of the Society for Medicinal Plant and Natural Product Research, Berlin, Germany, 29th August - 2nd September 2010 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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181 |
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Royer, M.; Herbette, G.; Eparvier, V.; Beauchêne, J.; Thibaut, B.; Stien, D. |
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Secondary metabolites of Bagassa guianensis Aubl. wood, a contribution to the understanding of the natural durability and to the chemotaxonomy of the Moraceae family with an unexplored genus |
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Conference Article |
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Year |
2010 |
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Planta Medica |
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Planta Med. |
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76 |
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12 |
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1375 |
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In effort to explain wood durability of Moraceae plants family, a phytochemical study was undertaken on Bagassa guianensis. The phytochemical investigation of the ethyl acetate extract obtained from the heartwood led to the isolation of 18 secondary metabolites, including 6 moracins [the new 6-O-methyl-moracin M (3), 6-O-methyl -moracin N (4) and moracin Z (5); the known moracin M (1), moracin N (2) and moracin P (6)], 8 phenolic derivatives [the new (-)-epialboctalol (12), arachidin 4 (10) and the known alboctalol (11), trans-resveratrol (7), arachidin 2 (9), trans-oxyresveratrol (8) and artogomezianol (13)], the 3 known flavonoids steppogenin (14), katuranin (15), dihydromorin (16), the β-sitosterol (17) and the resorcinol (18). Comparison with literature data indicates that stilbenoids are presumably responsible for the natural resistance of the wood against fungi degradation. In addition, chemical composition points out that B. guianensis is closely related to Morus sp. in the phylogeny and should be placed within the Moreae s. s. tribe in the Moraceae family, accordingly to the latest Weiblen genoma-based classifications [1,2]. |
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58th International Congress and Annual Meeting of the Society for Medicinal Plant and Natural Product Research, Berlin, Germany, 29th August - 2nd September 2010 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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182 |
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Basset, C.; Stien, D.; Espindola, S.L. |
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Title |
Research of antifungal compounds from the Amazonian biomass by a bio-inspired approach |
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Conference Article |
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2010 |
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Planta Medica |
Abbreviated Journal |
Planta Med. |
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76 |
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12 |
Pages |
1172 |
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Our research aims at understanding the chemical resistance mechanisms of durable woods against fungi. Our ultimate goal is to isolate and identify antifungal compounds from these woods that could be used for the treatment of human fungal diseases. We therefore screened highly durable Amazonian wood selected from technical databases [1] and demonstrated that bioactive secondary metabolites responsible of the natural durability of the woods [2] can also be used to treat mycoses. This screening has given a very high ... |
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Basset, C.] UAG, UMR ECOFOG, Cayenne 97337, French Guiana |
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0032-0943 |
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58th International Congress and Annual Meeting of the Society for Medicinal Plant and Natural Product Research, Berlin, Germany, 29th August - 2nd September 2010 |
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ISI:000282066500035 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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183 |
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Eparvier, V.; Sorres, J.; Rodrigues, A.M.S.; Houël, E.; Sorgenfrei, O.; Ralli, M.; Stien, D. |
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Title |
Bioprospection in French Guiana for the discovery of potential agrochemical and cosmetic agents |
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Journal Article |
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2014 |
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Planta Medica |
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Planta Med |
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80 |
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10 |
Pages |
Pd79 |
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The present work is part of the Agrocos EUFP7 project and aimed at identifying new promising plant species exhibiting agrochemical properties or cosmetic interest. French Guiana being one of the megadiverse area of the globe considering plant biodiversity, 300 plant parts from 64 families were collected for the project. Among the 600 extracts evaluated as antifungals against phytopathogens, insecticides against plant pests and herbicides, 10% revealed an interesting activity. 7 of these extracts, mostly from the Leguminosae family, are currently under investigation for isolation and evaluation of pure compounds. Concerning cosmetic activity, 8 extracts from 5 different families were selected for further study. These results may lead to the development of novel products headed to agrochemical and cosmetic industry. |
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0032-0943 |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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231 |
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Houël, E.; Fleury, M.; Jullian, V.; Vonthron-Sénécheau, C.; Nardella, F.; Villa, P.; Odonne, G.; Eparvier, V.; Deharo, E.; Stien, D. |
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TakamalaImë (Psidium acutangulum Mart ex. DC): Understanding the use of an antimalarial traditional remedy from French Guiana |
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Journal Article |
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2014 |
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Planta Medica |
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Planta Med |
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80 |
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10 |
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Pd90 |
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Psidium acutangulum Mart. ex DC is used exclusively by the Wayana Amerindians in French Guiana, more particularly for the treatment of malaria. To understand this specific use, we embarked upon evaluating the antimalarial and anti-inflammatory activities of this traditional remedy as prepared by the Amerindian users. The decoction exerted good antiplasmodial activity in vitro (IC50 4 µg/ml on P. falciparum FcB1) and in vivo (39.7% inhibition of P. berghei NK65 in the murine model at 2 × 150 µl/day), as well as a strong anti-inflammatory effect in vitro regarding IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-8. Fractionation of the ethyl acetate extract (IC50 < 1 µg/ml) led to the isolation of six pure compounds, two of them, guaijaverine and the new compound wayanine, being moderately active against P. falciparum FcB1 in vitro (IC50 5 – 7 µg/ml). Along with the absence of cytotoxicity of the decoction and pure compounds, these results support the traditional use of this plant. |
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EcoFoG @ webmaster @ |
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233 |
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Houël, Emeline ; Rodrigues, Alice M.S. ; Jahn-Oyac, Arnaud ; Bessière, Jean-Marie ; Odonne, Guillaume ; Gonzales, German ; Espindola, Laila S. ; Eparvier, Véronique ; Deharo, Eric ; Stien, Didier |
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How can plant defences lead to valuable products? Inspiration from plant complexity in phytochemistry |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2016 |
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Planta Medica |
Abbreviated Journal |
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81 |
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S01 |
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S1-S381 |
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Essential oils ; therapeutic switching ; antifungal agents ; antiparasitic agents ; biomimetic design |
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If plants are known for centuries as a valuable source of molecules, complexity remains and can open up numerous perspectives. Plants have indeed evolved a wide range of secondary metabolites as defense, competition or attraction compounds [1]. More particularly, the exceptional biodiversity encountered in the tropics, along with the presence of various pathogens and a strong herbivory especially linked to a rich entomofauna, leads to a promising chemodiversity, due to the constant and dynamic interactions between plants and their environment. Taking into account the role and “raison d'être”[2] of natural products, and the fact that all these molecules work together as complex mixtures can therefore lead to a new point of view, by shifting from the “magic bullet” classical approach to a “herbal shotgun” strategy[3]. We will illustrate the fact that, inspired by their ecological functions, and taking into account synergistic interactions, some therapeutic applications can be found for these versatile mixtures of compounds. In particular we examined whether the antidermatophytic activity of essential oils (EOs) obtained from particularly fragrant plant species from French Guiana could be used as an indicator for the discovery of active natural products against Leishmania amazonensis. A significant correlation was observed between antidermatophytic and antileishmanial activity, confirming the “alternative use” strategy in the case of EOs, and allowed us to highlight P. hispidum Sw. (Piperaceae) EO as a promising antileishmanial product [4]. We also illustrated the importance of synergistic effects through the example of the antifungal EO of Otacanthus azureus (Linden) Ronse (Plantaginaceae) [5] and the biomimetic design of optimized synergistic mixtures thanks to a full factorial experiment approach. |
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Thieme |
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EcoFoG @ carole.legrand @ |
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270 |
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Touré, Seindé ; Falkowski, Michaël ; Dusfour, Isabelle ; Jahn-Oyac, Arnaud ; Odonne, Guillaume ; Stien, Didier ; Houël, Emeline ; Eparvier, Véronique |
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Ae aegypti larvicidal sesquiterpene alkaloids from Maytenus oblongata Reissek (Celastraceae) |
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Journal Article |
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2016 |
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Planta Medica |
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81 |
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S01 |
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S1-S381 |
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Maytenus oblongata ; Aedes aegypti ; larvicidal ; sesquiterpenes alkaloids |
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Vector-borne diseases account for 17% of the estimated global burden of all infectious diseases [1]. For most of these, vector control remains the sole method to circumvent transmission and eventually epidemics in the absence of vaccine and/or specific arbovirose treatments. Furthermore, the efficacy of existing insecticides is decreasing due to the development of resistances [2, 3]. The situation urges to find novel insecticide or alternative method for controlling mosquito vectors. Taking into account these elements, in a constantly evolving epidemiological and regulatory context, the need to discover alternative, environmentally friendly, and safer biopesticides appears as crucial. Plants are a source of inspiration for new insecticides discovery as coevolution with phytophagous insects promoted the occurrence of a unique chemical diversity devoted to herbivory resistance at least in part [4, 5]. The insecticidal activity of 160 extracts from 87 species collected in French Guiana were evaluated on Ae. aegypti mosquitoes larvae. It was discovered that Maytenus oblongata Reissek (Celastraceae) stem ethyl acetate extract exhibited promising insecticidal properties, i.e., larvicidal and adulticidal activity against Ae. aegypti under laboratory conditions, without ecotoxicity (essay on Chironomus riparius and Daphnia magna) or cytotoxicity (Test on Ae. albopictus C6/36 cells and two human cell lines: KB and MCR5). Four β-dihydroagrofurane sesquiterpene alkaloids (1-4) and one steroid (5) were isolated from this extract. Compounds 2 (1-benzoyl,4-deoxy-alatamine) and 3 (1,2-dibenzoyl,4-deoxy-alatamine) showed LD50 of 7.75 µg/ml (95% confidence interval: 6.46 – 10.00 µg/ml) and 2.38 µg/ml (95% CI: 1.91 – 2.87 µg/ml), respectively, against Ae. aegypti larvae.
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Thieme |
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EcoFoG @ carole.legrand @ |
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Stien, D. ; Rodrigues, A.M.S. ; Makerri, C. ; Odonne, G. ; Eparvier, V. |
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Experimental design optimization of antimicrobial mixtures of active VOCs |
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2014 |
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Planta Medica |
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80 |
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16 |
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P1M3 |
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In this beginning of the 21st century, a child dies from malaria every minute in Sub-Saharan Africa and tuberculosis kills every 20 seconds [1]. Also, the hidden burden of chronic viral infections such as HIV and hepatitis B and C is sobering, affecting at least 1 in 20 people globally. In fact, many authors believe that humanity is on the verge of a post-antibiotic era [2]. We believe that something different has to be brought into the scientific debate around anti-infective agents. Our opinion is that natural synergistic mixtures, which have been protecting plants for ages, can inspire the discovery of synergistic pharmaceutical preparations. As a first model approach, a set of 66 essential oils has been analysed by GC-MS and tested (Minimal Inhibitory Concentration, MIC) against pathogenic yeasts Candida albicans and C. parapsilosis. A comparative holistic analysis of the dataset allowed us to identify 6 candidate anticandidal agents: Z-ligustilide, eugenol, eugenyl acetate, citral (mixture of geranial and neral), thymol, and β-citronellol. These compounds were combined following a full factorial experimental design approach in order to optimize the anticandidal selectivity index (SI = IC50 (MRC5 cells)/MIC) of the reconstituted mixtures. It was found that Z-ligustilide and eugenol are the two main factors that most contribute to the increase of the SI, while significantly positive interaction effect was recorded for these two compounds (Fig. 1). A positive interaction effect was also detected between citral and both Z-ligustilide and eugenol. These 3 plant defence compounds can therefore be used to construct anticandidal mixtures. |
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Thieme |
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EcoFoG @ carole.legrand @ |
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