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Abstract |
Introduction , 2 Sorne Biornechanical Characteristics of Trees , 3 1-.2.1 Wood as a Lightweight, Cellular- and Fiher- Reinforced Materia!..... 3 1.2.2 Wood Variability 5 1.2.3 Mechanics of Secondary Growth , , , 6 Biomechanical and Ecological Significance of Height. , , 6 1.3.1 Biomechanical Environmental Constraints on Tree Height and Their Ecological Significance, “. . 7 l.3.1.1 Safety Factor . 7 1.3.1.2 Analysis of Successive Shapes Occurring during Growth Due to the Continuous Increase of Supported Loads ....” ..“ 8 1.3.2 Biomechanical Functional Traits Defined from Risk Assessment.. 9 1.3.2.1 Buckling or Breakage·of Stems 9 1.3.2.2 Root Anchorage 9 1.3.3 Biomechanical Functional Traits and Processes lnvolved in Height Gro\vth Strategy .” “ .., , 13 The Growth Processes That Control the Mechanical Stability of Siender Tree StelTIS,., , ,......... . , , ,.. , ,.. ' , 14 1.4, l The Mechanical Control of Growth , , , ,.. , , , 14 1.4.2 The Control of Stem Orientation ta Maintain or Restore the Tree Form, and Allow Vertical Growth ” “ ” “ ..”'“.”,,, ..,.16 1.4,3 The Control of Root Growth to Secure Anchorage .... 21 A Practical Application of Tree Biomechanics in Ecology 21 Conclusion , 24 Références 25 |
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